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Everyone knows the word “pasteurization”. It is a process of controlled heat treatment of food to kill bacteria and other microorganisms. No housewife can do without pasteurization when canning vegetables and fruits at home.
Without this process, the food industry and winemakers around the world will not be able to work. Thanks to the discovery of the scientist, it became possible to preserve food for a long time and save people from hunger.
Pasteurization is a stunning discovery by Louis Pasteur. We will talk about this person today.
Louis Pasteur: biography
Louis was born on 27 (zodiac sign – Capricorn) in the city of Dol, in eastern France. Louis was the son of a tanner. The father dreamed of giving his son a decent education.
When Pasteur was 5 years old, his family moved to the city of Arbois, 437 kilometers from Paris. Here my father opened a tannery, and Pasteur Jr. began his studies in college.
In his studies, the boy was distinguished by perseverance and diligence, surprising all the teachers. After graduating from college, Louis worked as an assistant professor at Besançon.
Then he moved to Paris to enter the Higher Normal School. In 1843 he easily passed the entrance exams and, four years later, received a diploma. Many years later, Louis will become the academic director of this prestigious school.
The young man was talented in painting. As a teenager, he painted wonderful portraits of his mother, sisters and friends. For his results in painting, Pasteur earned a Bachelor of Arts degree. His name was included in reference books as a great portrait painter of the XNUMXth century. But the young man made a firm decision to devote himself to science.
In 1889 Pasteur became the head of a private institute, which he organized in Paris. The best biologists worked at the institute, 8 of whom became Nobel laureates. From the very beginning until his death, Ilya Mechnikov worked at the Pasteur Institute.
Pasteur’s scientific discoveries
- 1846 – discovered the structure of crystals of tartaric acid;
- 1861 – a method of preserving liquid products by heat treatment was discovered. Hereinafter referred to as pasteurization;
- 1865 – effective methods of fighting silkworm diseases were found. Sericulture rescued!
- 1876 - immunology. In the process of research on infectious diseases, he established that diseases are caused by pathogens of a certain kind;
- 1881 – developed a vaccine against anthrax;
- 1885 – Rabies vaccine.
Personal life
In 1848 the young scientist began working at the University of Strasbourg. Here he studied the processes of fermentation, which later brought him worldwide fame.
Once, while visiting the rector, he met his daughter, Marie. A week later, Louis, in a written appeal to the rector, asked for his daughter’s hand. The happy young man received consent. A year later, Louis and Marie Lauren got married and lived for a long 46 years.
A loving wife was a helper and a reliable support for her husband. The couple had five children. But, unfortunately, typhoid fever claimed the lives of three. These personal tragedies will force the scientist to seek a cure for infectious infections. And in many years he will discover a life-saving vaccine! The scientist was a sincerely religious Catholic.
Illness and death
In the prime of his life (45 years), the scientist became disabled. After the stroke, his arm and leg did not move, but the microbiologist continued to work hard. Over the next 27 years, he suffered a series of strokes. The brilliant scientist died of uremia. This happened in September 1895. He was 72 years old.
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