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Cherry Vyanok Belarusian selection is gaining popularity among gardeners in Our Country. She has many positive characteristics, which are worth learning more about.
Description cherry Vyanok
Cherry Vyanok is a new but promising variety of Belarusian selection, which has been on trial in Our Country since 2004. Already in the first years, it gained good popularity due to its characteristics and taste of the fruit. Cherry was obtained from the parent variety Novodvorskaya by free pollination. Employees of the Belarusian Research Institute worked on breeding the tree: Shirko T.S., Vyshinsky M.I., Sulimova R.M., Syubarova E.P.
Cherry Vyanok can be grown in almost any area, it develops equally well in southern and temperate climates. Withstands cold snaps, heat, unstable winter.
Height and dimensions of an adult tree
The tree is tall, grows quickly, belongs to the felt type. The crown is sparse, of medium density, has a pyramidal shape. Adult cherry Vyanok reaches a height of about 3 m.
The fruiting type of the variety is mixed. Fruits are formed both on annual growth and on bouquet branches.
Description of fruits
Cherry fruits are medium in size. Their weight reaches 3,8 g. The shape of the cherry is round, rich dark red. The skin is not thick, the pulp is dense juicy. The bone is small, but well separated. The taste of the pulp is sweet and sour pronounced. Tasting score – 4,5 points, which is not very small. The purpose of the fruit is universal. They are suitable for fresh consumption, processing and freezing.
Vyanok cherry fruits are collected in bunches, it is very convenient to remove them
Cherry Vyanok is highly drought-resistant, the fruits do not deteriorate in the sun and do not fall off. However, from excessive watering during the ripening period, they can crack. That is why the amount of moisture in the soil must be carefully monitored and waterlogging should not be allowed.
Vyanok cherry pollinators
Variety Vyanok is characterized as self-fertile, and is able to set fruits on its own. However, the yield will be low, for normal performance, you still need to have pollinating trees nearby. Recommended co-cultivation with varieties:
- Sea bream;
- Novodvorskaya;
- Griot Belarusian.
Other cherries are also suitable, the flowering time of which coincides. It is worth noting that Vyanok blooms early compared to other trees.
Main characteristics
Many varieties of cherries are popular among s, but Vyanok is always one of the few that are sure to be planted in the garden. The fact is that the tree has many advantages and positive characteristics, its productivity is especially impressive.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
The description of the cherry variety Vyanok refers to the high winter hardiness of the tree. It tolerates bad weather well and bears fruit well. The photo of gardeners shows that even after return frosts, fruit buds of this variety do not freeze slightly. That is why the plant is suitable for planting in regions with an unstable climate.
In addition, it can be noted that Vyanok cherry perfectly resists drought. The wood ripens well, it is not afraid of withering winter winds and summer heat. The root system of the plant is well developed and goes deep, so it does not suffer from the vagaries of the weather.
Productivity
Special literature says that after planting in a permanent place, Vyanok cherry begins to bear fruit only in the third year of cultivation. However, this depends on the quality of the rootstock. It has been noticed that fruiting is better on the seed rootstock of wild cherries and starts earlier.
On average, the yield of the Vyanok variety reaches 13 t / ha, 20 kg of fruits are harvested from one tree. These figures are slightly higher than other popular self-fertile varieties, which can be seen in the table.
Variety name | Productivity, kg |
Wreath | 20 |
Lyubskaya | 12 – 15 |
Apukhtinskaya | 8 – 10 |
Rossosh black | 10 – 15 |
You can achieve high yields through proper planting and proper care. The tree is undemanding, but simple rules must be followed.
Vyanok cherry fruits fully ripen and are ready for consumption in the second half of summer. By the end of July, you can enjoy delicious berries. They are used for all types of processing and fresh consumption. However, they do not last long.
Advantages and disadvantages
Based on all the characteristics, description of the variety and reviews of gardeners, a number of advantages of the Vyanok variety can be distinguished. Among them:
- high yield;
- self-fertility;
- precociousness;
- excellent fruit taste;
- high winter hardiness and drought resistance.
The disadvantages of this variety of cherries include average resistance to characteristic diseases, including moniliosis and coccomycosis. However, you can cope with this problem by increasing the immunity of the tree.
Cherry Vyanok has a high yield
Rules of landing
Growing Vyanok cherries is no more difficult than other popular types. It is enough to follow simple planting rules and take good care of the tree.
Recommended dates
Seedlings for planting should be selected from autumn, when there is a large assortment of trees in nurseries. In the spring, it is undesirable to acquire cherries, as the trees may already wake up from hibernation, and it is dangerous to plant such a plant. It will not take root well and get sick for a long time. It is better to start planting in early spring. The right time is chosen before the start of sap flow and swelling of the kidneys. In each region, the timing is different, so it is better to be guided by the weather, local climate and other trees.
The main task of the gardener is to properly preserve the seedling until planting. To do this, it can be dug in the garden or lowered into a cold cellar.
Site selection and soil preparation
For better fruiting, cherries are planted on the southern slope of the site. If this is not possible, then a well-lit place on the west side will do. However, it must be protected from cold winds and drafts.
The soil for planting is prepared in advance. It must pass moisture and air well. To do this, the place is dug up, adding humus, sand and mineral fertilizers. It is believed that stable fruiting is possible on neutral soil. If it is too acidic, then slaked lime or chalk is added.
The description of the Vyanok variety indicates that the root system of the tree does not tolerate close proximity to groundwater. That is why wetlands and damp places are not suitable for planting.
How to plant
Vyanok cherries are planted according to the scheme, which is designed for vigorous trees. In an amateur garden, they keep a distance of 3 m between them. If plantings are made in a row, then they recede up to 4 m.
Pits for trees are prepared in the fall, so that by spring the soil will settle well and be saturated with fertilizers. Before planting, the bottom is drained. You can use improvised material, such as broken bricks, rubble or tiles. The seedlings are placed in the center of the hole, covered with earth, but the root neck is left on the soil surface, 5 cm.
During planting, the grafting site is not covered with earth so that it does not start to rot.
Features of care
Cherry Vyanok does not require special care. Even a busy gardener, who rarely visits the site, will be able to grow and harvest a decent harvest. To do this, it is enough to follow the recommendations given in the description of the variety.
Watering and fertilizing schedule
As already mentioned, Vyanok cherry is drought tolerant, so additional watering is not required. The soil is moistened when it has not rained for a very long time. During the season, it is enough to water the tree abundantly several times. However, the procedure must be complete so that the moisture saturates the earthen ball to the entire depth of the roots. In order not to overmoisten the soil, it is better to adhere to the following irrigation scheme:
- after the formation of the ovary;
- during the pouring of fruits;
- during the laying of fruit buds the next day.
The rest of the time, the soil does not need to be moistened in order to prevent stagnation of water at the roots. It does more harm than drought.
To increase the yield, Vyanok is fed like all crops. Adhere to the standard scheme. Nitrogen is added to the soil in early spring, and phosphorus-potassium top dressing is applied in summer and autumn. Liquid organic mixtures are effective. Among gardeners, chicken manure and cow dung are popular. Dry organic top dressing is best applied in the fall, combined with digging the trunk circle.
Trimming
The crown of a tall tree must be formed to prevent fungal diseases. For cherries, it is better to stick to a tierless shaping. The seedling is cut at a height of 30-40 cm, and the next four years continue to form it. For this, 8-12 skeletal branches are left, which are directed in different directions. All excess is cut out. The distance between the skeletal branches is left 10-15 cm. In the future, all side shoots are shortened to stimulate fruiting.
Pruning is combined with tree cleaning. Cut out dry, damaged and diseased branches regularly.
Preparation for winter
In late autumn, cherries need to be prepared for the upcoming winter. Young seedlings are best protected from frost. To do this, the trunk is wrapped with burlap to the base of the skeletal branches. Mature trees do not need additional shelter.
In regions with dry and windy winters, water-charging watering is carried out in late autumn so that the roots of the tree are saturated with moisture and do not dry out. It is made before the upcoming frosts. The tree is watered abundantly so that moisture penetrates the entire depth of the root system.
Diseases and pests
The description of the variety indicates that the culture is susceptible to characteristic diseases. Cases of outbreaks of moniliosis and coccomycosis are not uncommon. To avoid defeat, do not neglect preventive work. Without them, not only the tree will suffer, but also the crop.
From fungal diseases, treatments with Bordeaux liquid are effective. They are made according to the schedule in spring and autumn. Other preparations containing copper and insecticides against pests can be added to the solutions. In summer, Bordeaux liquid is not used. It is better to replace it with Horus, Skor and others.
Conclusion
Cherry Vyanok is a productive variety, the culture should be planted on the site. He will always please the harvest and does not require special care. In addition, he has practically no shortcomings.