Contents
Red umbrella (Chlorophyllum rhacodes)
- Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
- Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
- Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
- Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
- Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
- Family: Agaricaceae (Champignon)
- Genus: Chlorophyllum (Chlorophyllum)
- Type: Chlorophyllum rhacodes (Blushing Umbrella)
- Umbrella shaggy
- Lepiota rhacodes
- Macrolepiota rhacodes
- lepiota rachodes
- Macrolepiota rachodes
- Chlorophyllum rachodes
The traditional, long-described species of Macrolepiota rhacodes is now not only renamed Chlorophyllum rhacodes, it is divided into three separate species. These are, in fact, Chlorophyllum blushing (aka Reddening Umbrella), Chlorophyllum Olivier (Chlorophyllum olivieri) and Chlorophyllum dark brown (Chlorophyllum brunneum).
Modern titles:
Macrolepiota rachodes var. bohemica = Chlorophyllum rachodes
Macrolepiota rachodes var. rachodes = Chlorophyllum olivieri
Macrolepiota rachodes var. hortensis = Chlorophyllum brunneum
head: diameter from 10-15 cm (up to 25), first ovoid or spherical, then hemispherical, umbrella-shaped. The color of the cap of young mushrooms is brown, with various shades, the caps are smooth. Adult specimens are densely covered with tiled scales of brownish, brownish or brown color. In the center, the cap is darker, without scales. The skin under the scales is white.
plates: Free, frequent, with plates of different lengths. White, creamy white, then with a reddish or pale brownish tint.
Leg: Long, up to 20 cm, 1-2 cm in diameter, strongly thickened at the bottom when young, then cylindrical, with a pronounced tuberous base, hollow, fibrous, smooth, gray-brown. It is often deeply embedded in the litter.
Ring: not wide, double, mobile in adults, whitish above and brownish below.
Pulp: white, thick, becomes wadded with age, deep reddens when cut, especially in young umbels. In the leg – fibrous.
Smell and taste: weak, pleasant.
Chemical reactions: KOH negative on cap surface or pinkish (brown patches). Negative for ammonia on the cap surface.
spore powder: white.
Споры: 8–12 x 5–8 µm, ellipsoid, subamygdaloidal or ellipsoid with a truncated end, smooth, smooth, hyaline in KOH.
The reddening umbrella grows from July to the end of October in coniferous and mixed forests, often adjacent to anthills, grows in glades and lawns. During the period of abundant fruiting (usually the end of August) it can grow in very large groups. It can bear fruit abundantly in October-November, during the period of “late mushrooms”.
Reddening chlorophyllum is an edible mushroom. Usually only fully opened hats are harvested.
Chlorophyllum Olivier (Chlorophyllum olivieri)
Differs in more fibrous even between the scales, pinkish or creamy skin on the cap, between contrasting brownish scales dense at the ends. When cut, the flesh takes on a slightly different color, first becoming orange-saffron-yellow, then turning pink, and finally red-brown, but these subtleties are only visible in fairly young mushrooms.
Chlorophyllum dark brown (Chlorophyllum brunneum)
It differs in the shape of the thickening at the base of the leg, it is very sharp, “cool”. On the cut, the flesh acquires a more brownish tint. The ring is thin, single. The mushroom is considered inedible and even (in some sources) poisonous.
Umbrella motley (Macrolepiota procera)
Has a higher leg. The leg is covered with a pattern of the finest scales. The flesh of the variegated umbrella never changes color when cut: it does not turn red, does not turn orange or brown. Of all the edible umbrella mushrooms, it is the variegated umbrella that is considered the most delicious. Collect only hats.