The disease is caused by parvovirus B19 and is most often harmless. This infection may have its greatest negative impact on non-immune pregnant women, with the fetus developing severe anemia, which can lead to miscarriages or stillbirths. 

Erythema infectiosum (or, as it is also called, “fifth disease”) is a very common disease – every eighth preschooler suffers from it. The disease is caused by parvovirus B19 and is most often harmless. This infection may have its greatest negative impact on non-immune pregnant women, with the fetus developing severe anemia, which can lead to miscarriages or stillbirths.

Course of the disease

A week after infection, fever, headache and muscle pain may appear. Later, skin rashes appear, which can last for several weeks, but may disappear for a while. The rash appears first on the cheeks, then spreads in the form of a garland throughout the body. In rare cases, the disease leads to painful inflammation of the joints (arthritis), but goes away without long-term consequences.

When to call a doctor

The next day, if you notice any worrying rashes on your skin.

Doctor’s help

The doctor will confirm the diagnosis. Treatment makes no sense and is not required.

Your help to the child

For most children, erythema infectiosum does not have a negative effect. Children with fever, joint and muscle pain should remain in bed. Your doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory medications to relieve symptoms.

Incubation period: about 18 days

The child becomes contagious immediately after infection and before the appearance of skin rashes.