Certain factors increase the risk of testicular cancer.

• Have had an undescended testicle in childhood (ectopic testis or cryptorchidism) where the testicle remains in the belly instead of normally descending into the bursae. The risk of testicular cancer is multiplied by 35. The operation to lower the testicle into the bursa does not fully protect against the risk of cancer.
• A decrease in the size of the testicle, for example after mumps (testicular atrophy), or after trauma increases the risk of testicular cancer
• Men who are HIV positive have a higher risk of testicular cancer.
• Men who have had testicular cancer on one side have an increased risk of getting cancer on the other side. They must therefore regularly palpate the other testis for screening.
• Presence of testicular cancer in the father or in a brother.
• Be between 15 and 35 years old.
• Endocrine disrupting chemical pollutants are suspected of being involved in the occurrence of testicular cancer.