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Griboyedov: biography, interesting facts
Alexander Sergeevich was born in the capital of the Russian Empire on January 15, 1795. Griboyedov is a genius! Diplomat, state councilor, nobleman, poet and prose writer, playwright, composer and pianist, satirist, orientalist. He is known to many as the author of the famous play “Woe from Wit” – a source of catchphrases.
Childhood and youth
The noble family of the Griboyedovs belonged to the nobility. From early childhood, Alexander was brought up by the best German tutors. He received an excellent education at home.
Six-year-old Griboyedov spoke three foreign languages, in his youth he spoke six European and Eastern languages fluently. At 33, he already knew ten languages!
At the age of eight, Alexander was sent to a university noble boarding school. Three years later, he was enrolled in the students of Moscow University (faculty of speech). A thirteen-year-old boy received the degree of Candidate of Literature. Then he graduated from the Faculty of Law and Physics and Mathematics.
The 1812 war of the year
Alexander was a gifted person and strived for knowledge. But the war of 1812 interrupted his studies. Seventeen-year-old Griboyedov voluntarily joined the army as a hussar in the Moscow provincial regiment. Alexander did not have a chance to fight – his regiment was sent to the rear. By the way, in 1812 Princess Chavchavadze, his future wife, was born.
Soon Griboyedov was appointed an adjutant of the commander and transferred to Brest-Litovsk. In 1814 he published his articles for the first time. A year later he retires.
Diplomat, playwright and duelist
In 1817 Griboyedov entered the civil service at the College of Foreign Affairs. He successfully combines diplomatic service with a literary career. His works “Lubochny Theater”, “Student”, “Feigned Infidelity” and others appeared.
Living in St. Petersburg, he actively participates in the activities of the literary and theatrical circle, meets Pushkin. A year later, he was appointed to the post of secretary of the Russian mission in Persia (Iran).
In Tiflis, Griboyedov shoots with Alexander Yakubovich. After this duel, he had a permanently mutilated finger on his left hand.
In Iran, he seeks the release of captured Russian soldiers and personally accompanies their detachment to their homeland. Begins work on the play Woe from Wit in 1820.
Since 1822. to 1823 serves in Tiflis under General A.P. Ermolov, meets the Decembrist Kuchelbeker. Writes a musical vaudeville, which premiered in 1824. Leaves service. He wants to print and stage “Woe from Wit”, but to no avail.
Returns to service in 1825. In 1826. in the Caucasus was arrested for 6 months. He was accused of having connections with the Decembrists, but not finding evidence, he was released.
The Russian embassy in Tehran was attacked by fanatical residents. 34-year-old Griboyedov was killed and disfigured by a brutal mob on January 30, 1829. Ahead were the deaths of Pushkin and Lermontov.
Griboyedov’s wife Nina Chavchavadze
Princess Nino (Nina) Chavchavadze is an aristocrat, the eldest daughter of the Georgian poet and public figure, Prince Alexander Chavchavadze and Princess Salome Ivanovna Orbeliani. She was distinguished by her extraordinary beauty, sophistication of manners and spiritual kindness.
Griboyedov, who served in Tiflis (now Tbilisi), often visited the prince’s house and gave music lessons to his ten-year-old daughter Nino. On his return from Persia to Tiflis in 1828, he again met the matured Nina. At that time she was 15 years old, Griboyedov – 33 years old.
Princess Nina Alexandrovna Chavchavadze
Shocked by the beauty of the young princess, he fell in love and asked her parents for her hand in marriage. A month later, the couple in love was solemnly married. According to legend, during the wedding, the groom dropped his wedding ring. This was considered a bad omen.
A few months later, on duty, Griboyedov had to return to Persia again. While pregnant, Nina accompanied her beloved to Tabriz. Here she planned to wait for her husband, but the mission in Tehran was delayed, she returned home.
The tragic news of her husband’s death provoked the premature birth of a child who lived only one day. For the rest of her life, the widow wore mourning for her beloved and did charity work. She died at the age of 44 from a cholera epidemic.
She was buried next to her husband in a grotto under the Church of St. David on Mount Mtatsminda in Tiflis. The inscription on the spouse’s tombstone is an eternal testimony of the great love and loyalty of Nina Griboyedova: “Your mind and deeds are immortal in Russian memory, but why did my love survive you?”
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