Overweight and obesity
Obesity – a disease of a chronic nature, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. Currently, in most countries, about 20% of the population is obese.
Over the past 10 years, in most countries of the world, the incidence of obesity has approximately doubled. WHO expert calculations show that by 2025 the number of obese people will be about 300 million.
Diseases that occur due to obesity:
- Diabetes mellitus (type 2 – non-insulin dependent).
- Dyslipidemia (when harmful fractions of cholesterol increase in the blood and beneficial fractions decrease).
- Arterial hypertension.
- Attacks of suffocation during sleep – sleep apnea syndrome.
- Atherosclerosis and diseases that are associated with it (cerebrovascular accidents, coronary artery disease, etc.).
- Deposition of uric acid salts in joints – gout.
- Cholelithiasis.
- Reproductive dysfunction (menstrual irregularities in women, decreased potency in men).
- Osteoarthritis and osteochondrosis.
- Oncological processes.
- Varicose veins.
- Hemorrhoids.
To determine the risk of developing diseases and determine treatment tactics, body mass index (BMI), it is calculated as the ratio of body weight (kg) to height squared (m²).
BMI = M (kg)/N² (m²)
Types of obesity:
According to the nature of the distribution of adipose tissue, obesity is divided into types in accordance with the WC/OB ratio,
where OT is the waist circumference in cm (the circumference of the abdomen at the level of the navel),
OB – hip circumference in cm (the circumference of the hips at the level of the hip joints).
- Abdominal obesity, also called android, central. In men, OT/VR > 1, and in women, OT/VR > 0,85. Fat is distributed on the anterior abdominal wall. With this type, the risk of developing metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, etc.) is maximum.
- Gynoid, also called gluteal-femoral, fat is distributed on the hips.
- Mixed type of obesity.
Obesity – a recurrent disease that should be treated only by a qualified specialist, taking into account individual characteristics. You can get all the necessary laboratory tests and studies using modern equipment at our Prima Medica medical center (Kaluzhskaya metro station).