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OGTT, or Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, is an oral glucose load test. It is performed in people who are suspected of type 2 diabetes, in pregnant women, healthy people, in family history at risk of diabetes, if the disease occurs in parents or siblings. What is worth knowing about this study?
OGTT – the course of the study
The test is performed by taking blood from a vein. There are two types of OGTT, the two-point test, which involves drawing blood on an empty stomach before administering glucose and at 120 minutes after drinking the glucose. The three-point test is used in pregnant women. The first time blood is drawn on an empty stomach, then 60 minutes after consuming glucose and the last time 120 minutes after drinking glucose.
The test is performed without restricting carbohydrate intake first. The test is performed on an empty stomach, i.e. 8 or 10 hours after eating the previous meal. The patient should appear well rested for the examination. It should be remembered that the glucose for this test is purchased at the pharmacy, it should be brought to the laboratory and drunk in front of the medical staff immediately after the first blood test. Glucose 75g – for oral solutions is also available on Medonet Market. The time between each blood sampling should be spent near the laboratory, because during the absorption of glucose insulin is released, which is responsible for the feeling of weakness, drowsiness, nausea, excessive sweating and dizziness. You must not walk, you must sit, the glucose in this test should be assimilated at rest, you cannot drink or eat during this time.
OGTT — norms
For non-pregnant women and men: normal fasting blood glucose is 70-99 mg / dl, abnormal fasting blood glucose is 100-125 mg / dl. Impaired glucose tolerance is when, at the 120th minute of the glucose load test, the blood glucose is 140-199 mg / dL. A result above 200 mg / dL is considered diabetes.
OGTT in pregnancy is performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, but only in women who have previously tested normal glucose. If your glucose is abnormal before week 24, the OGTT should be done quickly. Norms for pregnant women. Normal fasting glucose is <92 mg / dL, 60 minutes: <180 mg / dL, and 120 minutes: <153 mg / dL. In pregnant women, even one higher than normal result in any of the three stages indicates diabetes.
Diabetes in pregnancy
This is hyperglycemia that is first recognized during pregnancy. This is high blood sugar. Typical gestational diabetes passes with childbirth. If blood sugar levels do not return to normal after the baby is born, consider whether it is pre-pregnancy diabetes. Gestational diabetes usually affects women before pregnancy, suffering from overweight, obesity, and hypertension. Diabetes mellitus occurs in women with a family history of type 2 diabetes. Undiagnosed or poorly managed diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy may lead to miscarriage. Later in pregnancy, diabetes is responsible for other complications: fetal macrosomia, fetal diabetes, and respiratory distress syndrome. Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is treated with a proper diet and, if necessary, with the administration of insulin.