Contents
A log house has many advantages:
Step-by-step instructions for building a house from a bar
Step 1. Planning and material selection
You can create a house plan yourself or find a typical project on the Internet, where various options are offered. If an individual approach is desired, please contact the design office.
An important stage of construction is the choice of material, since the quality and strength of the building depend on it. The optimal cross-section of the beam: 100 by 150 and 150 by 150 mm. It is better to choose coniferous trees. The beam can be ordinary, profiled and glued.
An ordinary timber contains natural moisture, so it will be subject to drying, cracking and deformation.
The profiled beam is made of solid wood and has grooves for connection with other beams.
Glued laminated timber is a glued piece of coniferous wood. This bar also has mounting grooves.
It is best to choose profiled and glued beams that have been dried. They will be somewhat more expensive, but they guarantee high-quality and fast construction.
Step 2. Installing the foundation
Usually a log house is not too heavy a structure, so a lightweight foundation can be used. There are the following options for such a foundation:
The most commonly used strip foundation, which involves the following work:
Step 3. Building the walls and floor
Before erecting walls, the foundation should be waterproofed. To do this, a roofing material is laid on a layer of bitumen.
Under the first crown it is necessary to place a laying board. The initial layer of beams and the laying board must be pre-treated with an antiseptic. The base crown is made in half a tree.
Before laying the next layer of beams, it is required to lay a heater, which is fixed with a stapler. The beams are fastened together with wooden dowels. The top beam is drilled through, and the bottom half. Nagel is driven into the resulting hole. The recommended distance between them is about 1,5 meters.
Special bars (logs) intended for laying floor boards are installed after laying the first and second crowns. Logs are laid either on the basement of the house, or cut into the first crown at a distance of 0,4-0,7 meters. Then the roll boards and the waterproofing layer are laid. The next layer between the lags is a heat-insulating material, after it is a vapor barrier layer. And finally, the installation of the floor.
Internal walls are installed after the construction of the main box. This is necessary, as they crash into the main walls.
Step 4. Installing door and window openings
Door and window openings can be mounted in two ways. The first is that the bars are initially laid so that a window or door can fit into the resulting opening. In this case, on both sides of the opening, the bars are fastened with dowels. This is quite laborious, moreover, in the process of drying the wood, the opening will increase, which must be taken into account initially.
The second method is less labor intensive. The space for a window or door is sawn out after the wall has been erected and the timber has dried. But in this case, losses in the building material are inevitable. Windows and doors should be installed last, when the wood is completely dry and warping is not possible. The timber frame is installed in ready-made openings. The design of windows and doors is further attached to it.
Step 5. Building the roof
In houses made of timber, the roof is most often made gable or broken. This allows you to equip a comfortable attic, which makes the home built with your own hands even more attractive.
Roof construction starts on the ground. It is here that pairs of rafter legs are assembled and connected by puffs. After that, the resulting rigid structure is installed on the roof. Two pediments are created by installing two extreme pairs of rafter legs. The pediments are connected by a ridge beam.
Then the installation of the following rafter pairs is carried out at a distance of about 0,9 meters from each other. The rafters are covered with a vapor barrier, which is fixed with a stapler and fixed on top with special rails that are nailed to the rafters.
After that, the crate is stuffed in increments of about 0,4 meters. Then a coating of soft roll material is made. The final step is the laying of the roof. You can use a variety of materials as its quality improves and, accordingly, increases in price: roofing material (from 15 rubles per sq. Meter), slate (from 100 rubles per sq. Meter), ondulin (from 260 rubles per sq. Meter), metal tile (from 300 rubles per sq. meter), flexible tiles (from 300 rubles per sq. meter), corrugated board (from 300 rubles per sq. meter), wooden tiles (from 800 rubles per sq. meter).
From the inside, the roof requires good insulation. For this purpose, thermal insulation material is laid between the lags. A vapor barrier film is attached to the bottom. After that, the ceiling can be hemmed with clapboard.
Step 6. Internal and external work
If during the construction of the house material from glued laminated timber was used, then internal and external finishing can be carried out immediately. In the case when other materials were used, you should wait up to six months for the house to shrink.
The cracks and cracks formed as a result of shrinkage must be caulked and sealed with mastic.
If the house is made of glued and profiled timber, then you can do without interior decoration, since the source material already looks beautiful. If an ordinary timber was used, then it should be sanded, and then varnished or painted.
Exterior decoration also mainly concerns a house built from ordinary timber. In this case, you can use vinyl siding, lining and other building materials.
expert Tips
Popular questions and answers
Pavel Bunin, owner of the bath complex“Bansk”:
How to reduce the cost of building a house from a bar?
The foundation is such an element of building a house, on which the amount of money spent largely depends. I recommend making a columnar foundation when building a house from profiled timber. This will significantly save money, since it will take two times less materials than on a strip foundation.
You can also save a lot on the construction of walls if you choose the right material. The price of a cut timber is approximately equal to the cost of a log, but additional work will be required here. Profiled timber, although more expensive, will speed up construction. Significantly save time using profiled glued laminated timber, which is even more expensive, but speeds up the work due to the convenient connection of the beams. Increased tightness is created, which reduces the cost of thermal insulation of walls.
Roof construction also requires significant costs, some of which can be avoided. For this, it is not necessary to build complex architectural structures. A good solution in terms of savings is the use of soft tiles, which have such qualities as lightness, reliability and low price.
What is better to entrust to specialists?
When calculating and ordering material, it is also recommended to contact specialists. It can be difficult for a non-professional to independently calculate the quantity and quality of the necessary building materials. In the case when you apply for the delivery of wood directly to the supplier, he, of course, can independently calculate and bring the required amount, but in this case, defective material also comes across, which will lead to a loss of funds and slow down the construction. Expert advice here will be indispensable.
Are there standards for building a house from a bar?
– Accounting for the terrain, the presence of a slope, groundwater, the nature of the soil, etc.;
– If there is a slope on the territory, then the house should be located on a hill, which will protect the building from groundwater and precipitation;
– It is necessary to think over the issue of summing up communications in advance;
– When building a house, all fire safety requirements must be met.
In addition, today there are rules that must be observed without fail:
– The minimum distance from a house made of timber to a stone dwelling is 10 meters;
– There must be at least 15 meters between a house made of timber and neighboring wooden houses;
– Distance to the neighbor’s fence – at least 3 meters;
– The distance to the red line of the street is at least 5 meters.