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Lemon Jubilee appeared in Uzbekistan. Its author is the breeder Zainiddin Fakhrutdinov, he received a new large-fruited citrus by crossing the Tashkent and Novogruzinsky varieties.
Variety description
Yubileiny lemon is an evergreen plant, the height of which does not exceed 1,5 m. The variety is large-fruited, intended for indoor cultivation. Flowering is profuse, in clusters. Sometimes bouquet branches appear to the detriment of growth. The seedling grows well without a rootstock, on its roots. The crown is compact, it is formed by pruning. The shoots are strong, directed upwards, can bend under the weight of the fruit. Rapid development requires warmth, good lighting and high humidity.
The leaves are oblong, dense, glossy, bright green in color, located on short petioles. Due to their large size, they look decorative. The peculiarity of the Yubileiny lemon is that milky-white, fragrant flowers bloom on it at the same time and fruits ripen.
The fruits are large, weighing from 200 to 800 g, with a pleasant sour taste, without bitterness. The peel is yellow, medium thickness. The pulp is light yellow, very juicy, with a large number of seeds, has a pronounced grapefruit flavor. Lemons ripen 8-10 months, it all depends on the lighting and care. A garter of shoots is necessary during the ripening of the crop. The tree begins to bloom and bear fruit in the 2nd year of cultivation. It is better to cut green ovaries before the age of 4 until the seedling gains strength for full fruiting.
The Jubilee lemon shown in the photo above is a remontant, it can bloom and bear fruit several times a year. The Yubileiny variety is resistant to adverse conditions, the plant is unpretentious to soil, lighting, humidity and temperature, but responds with gratitude to care.
Lighting is of great importance for the Yubileiny lemon variety. It grows best and bears fruit on the sunny side. The soil should be slightly acidic, about 6 pH, ready-made soil for citrus fruits can be bought at the store. Yubileiny lemon develops unevenly, it has a period when new branches and leaves are formed very actively. It is replaced by a time of rest, when active growth is imperceptible, and the wood ripens. The seasonal change in temperature is important: above 18 ° C in summer and about 14 ° C in winter.
In the spring, the Yubileiny lemon variety is transplanted. The balance between the volume of the root system and the soil is important for normal development. If there is too much earth in the planting tank, it turns sour, the roots begin to rot. Therefore, the diameter of the pot during transplantation is increased gradually.
In summer, the Jubilee lemon can be taken out into the garden and placed in the shade of a tree. It is better to close the pot with some material so that it does not overheat. The tree must be sprayed early in the morning, it loves high humidity. In the summer, this can be done every day, and in the winter – as needed. The humidity in the room should be around 70%.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of the Yubileiny variety are:
- earlier fruiting;
- abundant flowering;
- large fruit size.
Lemon Jubilee is unpretentious, responds well to top dressing and a favorable microclimate, but can bear fruit even with minimal care.
The disadvantages include the slow growth of new shoots with abundant flowering.
Breeding methods
Lemons grown from the stone do not retain varietal characteristics. These seedlings can be used as rootstock. The graft is taken from the Jubilee variety lemon, which is already bearing fruit. Places of cuts are treated with garden pitch.
The procedure for growing seedlings of the Yubileiny lemon variety:
- the bone is removed from the fetus, dried in the air for several hours;
- then planted in the ground and watered;
- sprouts will appear in about 3 weeks;
- when the seedlings are a month old, they are seated in individual containers.
It is easier to grow a seedling from a cutting.
You can make a greenhouse from a 2-liter plastic bottle. To do this, it is cut horizontally into 2 parts. Drainage holes are made in the lower half, a layer of expanded clay and soil are poured.
Instructions for rooting a cutting of Yubileiny lemon:
- Fill the planting container with citrus soil mixed with coarse sand.
- The stalk is cut about 10 cm long, the lower leaves are cut off, the cut is renewed under the lower bud.
- Put in a solution of “Kornevin” for 1 day, then planted in a greenhouse.
- The wide top leaf of the cutting is cut in half to reduce moisture evaporation.
- The stem is deepened into the ground by 2-3 cm.
- Watered with “Heteroauxin”, close the greenhouse with the top, cut off part of the bottle.
- Drain the drained liquid from the pan.
- Once every 2 days, the stalk is aired by unscrewing the cap on the bottle.
- Rooting will occur in about a month.
- Yubileiny lemon will begin to bear fruit in the 2nd year of cultivation.
Citrus fruits are propagated by seeds, cuttings and grafting. With seed propagation, one should not expect the appearance of fruits, it will be necessary to graft a fruiting branch onto a seedling. Only an experienced grower can do the right vaccination.
When propagated by cuttings, all varietal characteristics are preserved, the Yubileiny lemon quickly enters the fruiting season. So the best way to propagate at home is cuttings.
Rules of landing
A week after buying a young Yubileiny lemon, it needs to be transplanted into a new pot and fresh soil by transshipment. It is impossible to buy a seedling with a bare root system, it will not take root. Yubileiny lemon needs an annual spring transplant before flowering. Old plants in large pots are transplanted once every 1-2 years or simply change the topsoil.
Procedure:
- For transplantation, take a container 2-3 cm larger in diameter than the previous one.
- Drainage is poured at the bottom with a layer of 4 cm, on top – part of the soil.
- When transplanting, an earthen lump around the roots is not destroyed.
- If the jubilee lemon seedling is small, hold the trunk between your fingers and take it out of the pots along with the ground.
- Shake off the crumbling soil and place an earthen ball with roots in the center of the new planting container.
- Fresh soil is added and tamped, lightly tapping the pot on a hard surface.
- Water well and put in diffused light.
The development of a young Yubileiny lemon is observed. When roots appear from the drainage hole, they are moved to a larger pot without waiting for spring.
Jubilee lemon care at home
In summer, the temperature should be between 18 and 26 °C. Such conditions are ideal for the formation of flowers. In winter, it is desirable to maintain a room temperature of about 14 ° C. Anniversary lemon can be placed on a warmed loggia or a cool windowsill. At the roots and crown, the heating should be the same. If the floor is cold or, conversely, heated, the pot must be lifted onto a stand so that the heat is distributed evenly.
Bright, diffused light is useful in spring and autumn. In summer, the Yubileiny lemon should be shaded from the hot, midday rays of the sun. In winter, additional lighting is needed, otherwise the leaves will begin to crumble. Humidity should be increased, about 70%, you can use a humidifier or spray regularly.
The earth should not be poured and overdried so that the mycorrhiza does not die. To check soil moisture, you can use a special device – an indicator. If the arrow is in the center, then the Yubileiny lemon will wait another day with watering, if it deviates to the left, watering is necessary.
Pruning the top of a 2-year-old jubilee lemon seedling is carried out in January. In about a month, young shoots will begin to grow from the awakened 3-4 lateral buds. A year later, when the new branches mature, they are cut again, leaving 3-4 internodes, so the branching of the 3rd order continues.
In the spring, the Yubileiny lemon, which has reached the age of 5, is washed with soil from accumulated salts. To do this, remove the top layer of earth to the roots in a pot. Then watered with warm filtered water. A yellow liquid will begin to flow through the drain. Continue watering until clean water flows into the pan. Then they take the pots with lemon to their place, and add fresh soil.
It is desirable to cut off the first flowers. If the Jubilee lemon has blossomed, for successful fruiting it must have at least 30 well-developed leaves. Mature plants regulate the harvest themselves, dropping all unnecessary ovaries. Citrus flowers are bisexual, but to ensure the appearance of fruits, you can help in pollination with a soft brush.
During active growth and flowering, when the ovaries appear, the Jubilee lemon needs intensive feeding. There are specialized humic fertilizers for lemons. They have an organic basis – compost and chicken manure with the addition of trace elements. Before use, the drug is diluted in water (1 tablespoon per 1 liter of water or in accordance with the instructions) and infused for at least 2 hours. Top dressing is carried out 1 time in 2 weeks.
Pests and diseases
An adult lemon of the Anniversary variety is bought in a store carefully, careful care will be required.
A diseased Jubilee lemon is treated with an insecticide, transplanted into fresh soil. A transparent plastic bag is put on the crown, aired daily. After 5 days, the top of the bag is cut off, then it is removed completely. The fruits must be removed so as not to overload the tree excessively.
Pests can slow down growth and reduce yield:
- They do great harm scytheunable to move. Insects attach to leaves and feed on plant sap. To fight, they use the drug “Aktara”, pouring Yubileiny lemon under the root. It is advisable to collect insects first by hand with a cotton swab moistened with salicylic alcohol.
- spider mite appears on the Jubilee lemon most often. It is brought in with new cuttings or flowers cut into a bouquet. On a diseased plant, a web can be seen between the shoots. Treatment from a tick is carried out by “Fitoverm”. The drug does not act on eggs, so spraying is repeated after 5 days.
- mushroom mosquitoes и mealybugs start from excess watering. Pests can be killed with systemic insecticides.
Dark spots on the leaves can appear when the tree is overfed or infected with soot fungus. Lemon Jubilee is susceptible to various fungal diseases, which are perfectly eliminated with the Fitosporin fungicide when sprayed and watered under the root. Preventive treatments can be carried out with a soap solution.
With excessive watering, the roots rot. Necrotic spots form on the leaves, they begin to fall off. It is necessary to wash the roots, remove all rotten parts, cut with pruning shears, powder with crushed coal and plant in new soil.
Conclusion
Lemon Jubilee bears fruit in the 2nd year of cultivation. With good care of the plant, it will live for a long time, and the fruits will be large.
During the year, you need to carry out regular watering and top dressing, destroy pests in time, form a crown and transplant the plant into fresh, fertile soil.
