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Mushrooms are widespread, popular in the “quiet hunt” mushrooms. They have their own characteristics, the study of which will make it easy to recognize this species in order to reap a good harvest. Grow mushrooms in coniferous and mixed forests in areas with a temperate climate. However, the main necessary condition for this is the presence of coniferous trees.
Where do saffron mushrooms grow
Mushrooms are edible delicacy mushrooms belonging to the genus Mlechnikov. They have round caps that become funnel-shaped with age. They are painted in bright yellow, orange or pinkish, but there are other rare varieties of color. The stem of the mushroom is commensurate with the cap; yellow or orange juice stands out from its pulp, which changes color in the air.
Where do saffron mushrooms grow in Our Country?
Edible red mushrooms are harvested in most of the territory of Our Country, but there are few truly mushroom places. In forests, mushrooms are especially common in the following regions:
- in the Moscow region – in the forests along the Savelovsky direction, in the forests near the Torbeevsky lake, on the northern side of the Gremyachiy waterfall, near the Ashukinskaya station;
- in pine forests of the Voronezh region;
- in the forests of the Saratov and Samara regions;
- in Transbaikalia;
- in the vicinity of the lakes Shchelkun (Sverdlovsk region) and Allaki (Chelyabinsk region), located along the Chelyabinsk tract;
- in the Ochersky and Elovsky districts of the Perm Territory;
- near the village of Minderla near Krasnoyarsk.
In what forest do mushrooms grow
These mushrooms grow mainly on sandy soils. The river flowing nearby creates optimal soil and air humidity for them. The most suitable young forests for mushrooms:
- pine;
- spruce;
- cedar;
- fir;
- mixed birch-spruce-fir;
- other mixed forests with an abundance of needles.
Such mushrooms are rarely found in deciduous forests, where there are single-growing coniferous trees. They can grow not only in natural conditions, but also in artificial spruce plantings or self-sowing in the fields.
What tree do mushrooms grow under?
Mushrooms grow under spruce, fir, pine or cedar up to 5 m high. The peculiarity of these mushrooms is that they form a symbiosis with a coniferous tree. The fungus penetrates the root of the plant and entangles it. Additionally, thanks to the fungus, the tree receives moisture and trace elements and supplies the camelina with carbohydrates and amino acids that are not found in the soil.
From the type of tree under which the camelina is located, forming mycorrhiza, its color depends. It can vary from light orange to rich copper hue. In old mushrooms, a greenish color appears on the hat.
Where do mushrooms grow
Experienced mushroom pickers know that you should look for mushrooms in the undergrowth. A dense thicket does not suit them because there is not enough light in it. Places where red-haired representatives are often found:
- coniferous young plantings in the fields;
- forest edges and glades;
- young forest clearings.
Often you can pick up a lot of mushrooms on tubercles and small hills overgrown with low grass or moss. Dew also creates good conditions for the development of mycelium.
Typical places for these mushrooms are:
- open and illuminated glades;
- overgrown fields on which small shrubs and spruce grow;
- roadsides of clearings and forest roads;
- long ditches well lit by the sun.
At what temperature do mushrooms grow
Grow mushrooms in the summer – from July to September. In warm weather, they begin to appear in June. The last mushroom can be found in the first decade of November. After the autumn frosts, they disappear.
These mushrooms are warm and sun-loving. They begin to develop actively with a sufficient amount of sunlight and at a temperature of at least 10 0C. They grow well under certain conditions:
- temperature 15 – 27 0WITH;
- relative air humidity 50 – 60%.
How fast do mushrooms grow
Camelinas grow quickly after summer heavy rain. During this period, the air temperature and soil moisture become optimal. Features of the development of these fungi are:
- mycelium can pass to a depth of 15 cm and develop from mid-spring to late autumn;
- drought and frost dehydrate the mycelium, but it does not die, but becomes more stable;
- The fruiting body of the fungus reaches its maximum size on the 12th – 14th day after the appearance.
The active growth phase of saffron milk comes after warm and heavy summer rains. In search of young and medium-sized mushrooms, you can go on the 5th – 6th day after the rain, and sometimes – on the 3rd -4th.
When to pick saffron mushrooms
You can collect mushrooms mushrooms both in summer and in autumn. Usually the saffron season is in August and September. The collection of some varieties of these mushrooms, depending on the climate, begins as early as July, and ends before the first autumn frosts in late October – November.
The best time to harvest is early morning, before the dew has evaporated. She, covering the cap of the mushroom, is reflected in the sun’s rays and helps to draw attention to it.
How to find mushroom mushroom
Ryzhik very rarely grow alone, much more often – in large groups. Having found one mushroom, you should carefully examine the surroundings. There are always a few more around.
It is believed that large and strong mushrooms can be found on the northern side of coniferous trees. In addition, their growth is indicated by satellite mushrooms – boletus growing under pines.
Walk through the forest carefully, looking under your feet. Some mushrooms grow in plain sight, others can hide in grass or needles. To move it apart, it is convenient to use a long thin straight branch. Small hills under spruce or pine, sunny edges are the places that are examined in search of mushrooms in the first place.
There are many varieties of these mushrooms. The table shows some recommendations that will help you decide on the choice of place and season for collecting mushrooms:
Raznovydnost | Characterization | Where grows | When to collect |
Ordinary (real, pine, gourmet, pine forest) | Bright red color and spotted hat. | In young pine forests: under pine trees, along the edge of clearings, clearings, on sunny moss and grassy places. | Mid-summer – early autumn. |
Spruce (green) | Smaller than pine camelina, with brittle flesh and a light-coloured hat, which always has a bluish-green coating. | It is distributed everywhere in spruce and mixed forests and plantings under spruce trees. | Beginning of August – end of October. |
Red | Monochromatic reddish color, spots on the cap are weakly expressed, the leg has a light powdery coating, its milky juice is almost cherry in color. | It is found in the Urals, Siberia, the European part of Our Country, the mountainous Crimea under the Scots pine or Siberian cedar. | July – November. |
Half Red (Pine Red) | A distinctive feature is the orange milky juice, which quickly darkens to a dark red hue. Caps of young mushrooms are orange, and adults have a greenish tint and a pattern in the form of pronounced concentric circles. | In the temperate zone in pine and mixed with pine forests; considered rare in some places. | July – October. |
Alpine (salmon) | A large cap with a diameter of up to 20 cm is bright orange in color, the flesh is salmon-colored. | Fir forests from the Western Urals to Northern Europe. | August – October. |
Finnish (blue) | When cut, it turns blue to a rich indigo shade. The outer color is brownish or olive in color with a reddish undertone, the plates are bright orange. | On the edges and borders of spruce clearings in the North-West of Our Country and Karelia. | August – October. |
Japanese (fir) | Pale coloration and mycorrhiza only with whole-leaved fir. | In the Far East, in China, in the north of the Korean Peninsula, in Japan – in the forests where whole-leaved fir grows. | September October. |
Dark | The hat is gray-gray, with a faint orange undertone, the plates under the hat are bright orange. The milky juice, when cut, changes color from carrot to greenish. | Pine and mixed forests of the northern part of Our Country. Considered a rare mushroom. | August – October. |
Wine | The color of the fruiting body is from dark red to lilac. In young specimens, the color is saturated, in mature ones it is light. | The northern part of the belt with a temperate climate in forests with Scotch pine. The mushroom is rare. | July – October. |
A more dangerous double is the inedible amber milky. It has a strong unpleasant odor. He has a longer, without narrowing, leg. The surface of this mushroom has a velvety texture and is colored in brown-pink tones.
How to collect mushrooms
In order to collect these particular mushrooms, one should, without wasting effort on other varieties, purposefully look for those places where mushrooms grow or can grow. When a suitable area is found, it is carefully, step by step, examined, pushing the grass and coniferous needles with a long stick.
Mushrooms are collected by mushrooms in any convenient way. They can be cut with a knife, twisted or torn off. This, contrary to the established opinion, does not affect the mycelium and mycorrhiza: in order for the fungus to stop growing in its usual place, it is necessary to cut down the tree and uproot its roots.
The video clearly shows how you can organize the collection of mushrooms in the forest:
Conclusion
Knowing the signs of how mushrooms grow will make it possible to quickly find a place with a lot of these mushrooms. For this, several conditions must be met. They grow under coniferous trees in forests where there is a reservoir nearby. Redheads need increased illumination and soil that retains moisture. But they are not suitable for both heavily swampy and dry terrain. They are usually harvested after rain – in summer or early autumn.