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The most important task of vaccines is to prevent severe disease and thus death. How long does this protection last? It’s a question that keeps coming up with the COVID-19 pandemic, new mutations, and discussions about booster doses. A recent study showed what this looks like with the Johnson & Johnson single dose vaccine. And that’s good news.
- The single-dose COVID-19 vaccine from Johnson & Johnson belongs to the so-called vector vaccines
- The preparation is characterized by 85 percent. effective in preventing severe COVID-19
- The research published in “NEJM” shows that the immune response induced by the J&J vaccine was strong and stable for eight months after immunization
- The immune response was observed with different variants of SARS-CoV-2
- More current information can be found on the Onet homepage.
How does the Johnson & Johnson vaccine work?
The COVID-19 vaccine from Johnson & Johnson, like the AstraZeneki product, belongs to the so-called vector vaccines. These preparations rely on the use of fragments of other viruses (which act as vectors) to elicit an immune response against a specific virus – in this case SARS-CoV-2.
The virus provides the body’s cells with instructions that allow the cells to make the S protein (the so-called spike protein, by which the virus enters the host’s mucosa and causes disease). In this way, the vaccine acquaints the immune system with this type of protein and provokes the production of antibodies in response to the appearance of a “foreign” compound.
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The Johnson & Johnson vaccine was estimated to have 85 percent of the effective in preventing severe COVID-19. The effectiveness of vector vaccines in preventing hospitalization is approx. 92%. It is also known that full immunity appears 28 days after inoculation with this preparation. The onset of protection was observed on day 14 after administration. However, the question is how long this protection lasts after receiving the vaccine and how effective it is against the new SARS-CoV-2 mutations.
The results of a partial study on this subject have been published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM). They were published by Dan H. Barouch, MD, PhD, director of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Virus and Vaccine Research Center, and professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, and colleagues.
How long and against what variants does the Johnson & Johnson vaccine protect?
The study found that the immune response elicited by the single dose Johnson & Johnson vaccine was strong and stable for eight months after immunization. It concerned both humoral immunity (in short: the body begins to produce neutralizing antibodies, thanks to which it fights the pathogen) and cellular immunity, for which T lymphocytes are responsible.
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This reaction was seen in all vaccinated subjects in the study. “These data show that the vaccine elicited a sustained humoral and cellular immune response with minimal decline for at least eight months after vaccination,” write the authors of the study.
Do you want to test your COVID-19 immunity after vaccination? Have you been infected and want to check your antibody levels? See the COVID-19 immunity test package, which you will perform at Diagnostics network points.
The results of their work also indicate that a single dose of Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine induced dual mechanisms of protection against disease caused by the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) and the Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351) variants, Gamma (P.1), Epsilon (B.1.429) and Kappa (B.1.617.1) as well as the original SARS -CoV-2 strain (WA1 / 2020). According to Dr. Bartosz Fiałek, who commented on the results of the analyzes on social media, this may “suggest >> maturation << of the immune response over time, without a booster dose."
What’s the lesson from all of this? Let us quote Dr. Fiałka: – This study clearly shows the excellent efficacy profile of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine against COVID-19, which justifies its widespread use for pandemic control.
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