Hello! The modality of judgments is a form of thought that allows you to characterize an object, describe it, supplement existing information about it in order to make it more understandable for yourself and others.
And today we will consider in more detail what these judgments are. And with examples, so as not to get confused.
Types
So, the most common types are:
Alethic
Alethic modality is a natural connection between some phenomena. It is valuable for science and uses such words as: perhaps, by chance, maybe and so on.
Varieties:
- Apodictic judgments are the truth. These are statements that are completely pointless to question. Let’s say everyone knows that two plus two is four, and how not to try to calculate, even substituting different formulas, you can’t get a different result.
- Assertoric — reflect reality, only, as they say, here and now. Modality in this case is not expressed, but only a statement of fact occurs. For example, “tea is delicious to drink with cookies” — after a while a person may stop loving cookies, so this phrase will be completely irrelevant. Or “according to the recipe, doctor’s sausage is added to the Olivier salad” — yes, it was like that before, but at the moment there are much more options for ingredients.
- Problematic — are assumptions about something. Examples: “this field of activity will probably bring me success and a good income”, “putting on sandals in winter is probably a bad idea, as I will freeze faster and get sick as a result”, “a new colleague is most likely a mean person and you need to be be careful with him.»
deontic
It is also called normative. And all because it applies only to the legal or moral norms of behavior of the individual in society. Words such as “allowed”, “forbidden”, “mandatory”, “not necessary” and other synonyms are used.
Varieties:
- Judgments about rights. That is, about their presence, or vice versa, their absence.
- Judgments about duties. Exactly the same situation as in the previous paragraph.
epistemic
Displays the degree of reliability of any information. Words are used: proven, refuted, not proven …
Varieties:
- Problematic — questionable. They are difficult to prove, substantiate and, accordingly, rely on them, building further assumptions.
- Reliable — again, which represent the truth. There is logic and common sense in their validity.
Axiological
Or evaluative, as it is something like a characteristic, indicating the relationship of the individual to what surrounds her. Includes such words: like, dislike, good, terrible, pleasant, disgusting and so on.
Thanks to this form of thought, we can understand how to build relationships with another person, his and his own boundaries, preferences, values and, in general, essence, character.
By the way, if you want to get more information about what borders, personal space are and how to defend it without violating someone else’s — click here.
Completion
And that’s all for today, dear readers! Subscribe to always be aware of new information that will help you in such a sometimes difficult, but very important process — self-development.
And also share articles with friends and loved ones. For example, this one, because it contains a list of books about how to become better and overcome your limitations, unleash your potential.
Take care of yourself and, of course, be happy!
The material was prepared by a psychologist, Gestalt therapist, Zhuravina Alina