Diabetes mellitus in women differs from that in men, the latest research shows. According to scientists from Canada in the pages of the journal Obesity Reviews, the cause of development is adipose tissue from other parts of the body.
- Type 2 diabetes is also called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus or adulthood diabetes
- It is associated with obesity, and more precisely – with adipose tissue
- Recent studies show that the mechanism of the development of type 2 diabetes differs according to gender
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How does type 2 diabetes develop?
A research team from Concordia University in Montreal analyzed nearly 200 scientific articles in an effort to better understand the mechanisms by which adipose tissue – subcutaneous and visceral – contributes to type 2 diabetes. its inception is still not complete. It is known, for example, that diabetes is closely related to obesity – but it is not known what exactly mediates this relationship.
“There are many different theories about the development of diabetes, and the one we decided to investigate is that different regions of adipose tissue contribute to risk differently,” said Kerri Delaney, a PhD student at Concordia’s PERFORM Center and lead author of the article. – We asked ourselves what are the reasons for these differences and whether the role of adipose tissue in the development of the disease is different in men and women.
- Find out more: Type 2 diabetes does not have to depend on obesity. Another factor is important
It is known that the bodies of men and women tend to accumulate fat in different places. At the same time, studies have repeatedly confirmed that diabetes, like many other diseases, is closely related to belly fat. Women tend to store this fat just under the skin (hence the name subcutaneous fat). In men, abdominal fat accumulates mainly around the organs (this is visceral fat).
Adipose tissue and gender
Apart from different regions of occurrence, adipose tissue also shows different characteristics depending on gender. It grows differently, is diffused differently, and interacts differently with the immune system. For example, in men it gets bigger because fat cells get bigger. Meanwhile, in women, fat cells do not so much grow, but multiply, i.e. their number increases. This changes only around the menopause, because then in the body of women the level of the protective hormone estrogen drops sharply. This is why women also begin to store more visceral fat after menopause. Why are men prone to diabetes earlier in life than women?
- Read also: There are two types of fat on the belly. How can I get rid of them?
Based on the hypothesis that diabetes risk is driven by the expansion of visceral fat in men and subcutaneous fat in women, researchers looked through hundreds of articles to determine what is happening in their bodies at the cellular level.
They observed general differences in the levels of hormones, immune cells, and cell signaling between women and men. These differences seem to confirm the different origin of diabetes between the sexes.
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The authors hope that awareness of these differences will help to better plan the approach to treating this disease in both sexes.
– Currently, the treatment of diabetes is similar in men and women – says prof. Sylvia Santosa co-author of the publication. ‘If we had a better understanding of the differences between them, we might consider using the mechanisms we have discovered to recommend different treatment regimens to both genders.
Type 2 diabetes has increased rapidly worldwide in the last four decades. According to the World Health Organization, the estimated number of people suffering from the disease increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014, with the fastest increase in low- and middle-income countries.
Author: Katarzyna Czechowicz
See also:
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