Contents
Behavioral approach — an approach where the focus of the psychologist is human behavior, actions and the results of our actions, everything external, visible and objective.
Human behavior is directed (directed towards or away from something, to some extent meaningful and expedient) personally or socially significant actions, the source of which is the person himself and the author’s responsibility for which lies with him. Only externally visible and free actions are called human behavior in the narrow sense of the word. In a broader sense, human behavior includes both automatic reactions of his body, if they are outwardly visible and somehow significant (“head turned”), and internal actions of a person, his decisions, changes in attitude and his own state (“Why are you upsetting yourself? ” or “You don’t have to untwist yourself”).
The main questions of the behavioral approach are: “what is there in behavior”, “what do we want to change in behavior” and “what specifically should be done for this”. In the behavioral approach, the influence procedures should be described in behavioral language: what needs to be done, where to turn and what words to say.
If a state of inspiration is needed for successful influence, then great, just add additional instructions: what exactly needs to be done so that this state of inspiration appears, how to make sure that it has already come in sufficient quantities and how to steer this resource now, what is its “way usage.»
This is a masculine and active approach in practical psychology, where the focus is on actions: external actions as a reality, internal actions as decisions. Action, behavior — that’s what is evaluated and, most importantly, created, done. What is important is what will be the result, what will be done and what will be done. Everything internal, spiritual and deep is important only to the extent that it is connected with real behavior, with what is being done.
Directions within the behavioral paradigm
The behavioral approach is not behaviorism, behaviorism is only one of the directions of the behavioral paradigm. The behavioral approach is a behavioral approach, where a person is not seen as an independent person with his own goals, but only as an organism controlled by external circumstances. See →.
Approaches in practical psychology based on the behavioral paradigm
Fully within the framework of the behavioral paradigm — the development of the cognitive-affective theory of Walter Mischel, the theory of social learning by Albert Bandura and the theory of social learning by Julian Rotter.
Almost completely in the behavioral paradigm — REBT (rational-emotional-behavioral approach), mainly the synton approach, a large part of NLP. See →
Paradigms of practical psychology — and science
Practical psychology works in different paradigms, directions and approaches, and therefore somewhere has less to do with science, somewhere more. Practical psychology, working in a behavioral paradigm, relies more on a scientific basis. Psychologists working in the phenomenological paradigm rely more on the generalization and analysis of practical experience, as a result of which in some cases they are ahead of science (science is really not very nimble and often lags far behind), in other cases they leave science in completely arbitrary speculation. See →