What does satiety mean? What happens in the body when we are hungry? |

In this article you will learn, among others:

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• What does satiety mean?

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• What happens in the body when we are hungry?

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• What is Glucogenesis?

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Analyzing your hunger, satiety, and time between meals is essential to understanding metabolism. Nothing happens without a cause and without specific effects. Glucose homeostasis involves a variety of processes aimed at stabilizing blood glucose. Let’s see what it really looks like:

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What does satiety mean?

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This is the moment when we just get fed up. It may take up to 4 hours after eating a meal. What happens then? First, the level of glucose in the blood rises, which at the same time stimulates the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin.

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Insulin is responsible for the storage and production of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. It also inhibits their breakdown and release into the bloodstream.

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Insulin is released in two phases. In the first, early phase, it is a rapid, sudden increase already about 2 minutes after the increase in blood glucose levels, and the second phase, where the secretion is slow and at a constant level. Of course, we are talking about healthy people. The availability of glucose and high insulin concentration increases the synthesis, i.e. building up of glycogen (in which glucose is stored), triglycerides and protein. It is said that insulin is a building hormoneid = »h21 ″>. This ‘glucose escape’ to cells from insulin takes place via special transporters called GLUTs. However, insulin is not needed for glucose uptake by some cells, such as neurons. 

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When you are full, i.e. when blood glucose and insulin levels are high, the liver also stores glucose in the form of glycogen. 

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State between meals

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It is 4-12 hours after eating a meal. At this time, its antagonist takes over the insulin – glucagon, which i.a. stimulates the breakdown of glycogen. id = »h21 ″> Stocks can last for 12 – 24 hours. In addition, what is very pleased with people who are slimming, there is a breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue. The fatty acids released then become an energy substrate for muscles and liver.

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What happens in the body when we are hungry?

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The liver uses up the rest of glycogen, you need to find another method to maintain an adequate level of glucose in the blood. There is a phenomenon unfavorable for us – proteins in the muscles break downid = »h21 ″> (mainly alanine and glutamine are released), which is caused by glucagon and then cortisol. At the same time, adipose tissue triglycerides continue to break down. Therefore, we obtain substrates ready to be used in the process of glucogenogenesis in the liver. 

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What is Glucogenesis?

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Glucogenesis is the production of glucose from non-sugar substrates.

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Glucogenesis is a kind of ’emergency exit’ at a time when glucose is no longer available to come from. Thanks to it, glucose is formed from non-sugar substrates, which allows you to supply the brain. The substrates for the brain, as well as for peripheral tissues, are also ketone bodies made of fatty acids released from triglycerides. If the starvation stage continues for longer than 16 days, the brain begins to use more ketone bodies to workid = »h21 ″> than glucose. A beneficial phenomenon follows from this: muscle breakdown is reduced. Interestingly, fatty acids are almost 100 percent. muscles also benefit.

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Glucose homeostasis and the processes involved in maintaining it are very complex. For us, long intervals between meals and occasional starvation are not a big deal, but for our body it means a lot of changes and switching to other courses of action. 

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The photo comes from: bptakomaid = »h21 ″> / Foterid =» h21 ″> / CC BYid = »h21 ″>

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