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The non-hormonal method of contraception is an excellent alternative to the use of the most popular contraceptive methods – oral pills, patches and condoms. One of them is the intrauterine device, around which, however, many myths have arisen. It is high time to overthrow them.
What is an intrauterine device?
Modern intrauterine devices are one of the most effective methods of preventing unplanned pregnancies. There are two types of them on the market – hormonal and copper. The former contain a synthetic version of progesterone and are T-shaped. The latter, in turn, are completely hormone-free, but release copper ions, which work, among others. spermicidal. Both of them are installed in gynecological offices by a doctor, and their effectiveness has been assessed (through clinical trials) for several years.
An example of a long-lasting, up to 5 years, IUD is the IUB Ballerine, which is the world’s smallest (15 mm) innovative ball-shaped non-hormonal IUD.
Copper intrauterine device – action
The copper IUB Ballerine IUD is flexible and thus easily adapts to the shape of the uterus, reducing the risk of irritation and making its wearing completely imperceptible, i.e. very comfortable. It is made of a safe and used in cardiosurgery nitinol alloy, coated with a polymer and a dozen copper pearls. Removal of the IUD is very simple and the doctor can do it at any time, depending on the woman’s needs. The smallest IUD is only 15 mm, making up 1/2 or even 1/3 of traditional T-shaped IUDs, making it suitable for any uterus, adapting to it. The method of contraception based on the action of copper ions is based on impaired sperm motility and prevents fertilization of the egg cell. Their assessment efficiency is over 99%.
Facts and myths about intrauterine devices
Myth # 1: IUDs are only intended for women who have given birth at least once
Fact # 1: For years, many women believed that having an IUD inserted by a gynecologist could result in pregnancy problems or even infertility in the future. This is not true. It can be safely used by nulliparous women. Its removal completely restores physiological fertility. Its action is local, and the IUD itself neither contains nor secretes any hormones and does not affect ovulation, so the woman has normal monthly cycles.
Patients are more likely to use contraceptive pills due to the ease of access and price, in my opinion. There is a common perception of IUDs that only postpartum women can use the IUD, which is a somewhat archaic view. It seems to patients that using DTA they can control the course of their cycle, which is partially justified. It seems that the awareness of the interruption at any time can be an additional advantage – says gynecologist, Dr. Wojciech Kowalski from Krakow.
Myth # 2: The IUD is palpable and therefore uncomfortable
Fact 2: The modern IUB Ballerine IUD is very small. What’s more, it is made of materials that adapt to the shape of the scabbard, which makes it completely imperceptible. Therefore, the wearing comfort is very high.
Myth # 3: IUD causes heavy and painful periods
Fact # 3: This is not a rule. After inserting a copper IUD, you may experience slightly longer and painful periods, or you may experience light, temporary spotting between bleeds. In most cases they disappear within 3 months. It is related to the period of the uterus adapting to the presence of the IUD.
Myth # 4: IUD causes discomfort during intercourse
Fact # 4: This is not true. The shape of the IUD makes it completely undetectable by both the woman wearing it and the partner. However, it may happen that the thread with which the doctor removes the IUD will be slightly perceptible. Then you should go to the gynecologist and ask for its shortening.
Myth # 5: IUD causes a decrease in libido
Fact 5: Less libido is a common side effect of hormonal contraceptive use. All products that do not contain hormones and do not interfere with their natural secretion have no effect on libido. Therefore, patients are more likely to reach for copper intrauterine devices.
Myth # 6: IUD increases body weight
Fact 6: Research has shown that weight gain can be caused by hormonal contraceptive use. Extra pounds are the result of estrogen, because it affects the body’s fat management. Moreover, two-component tablets or intrauterine devices (progesterone + estrogens) contribute to increased water retention in the body. The way to avoid this problem is to choose copper intrauterine devices that do not disturb the physiological hormone balance.
In my opinion, the IUD is much safer compared to the use of DTA in the context of the risk of thromboembolism, stroke or comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, varicose veins of the lower limbs or obesity – adds Dr. Kowalski.
Contraindications to the use of the intrauterine device
Copper IUDs are generally very well tolerated by women. Nevertheless, there are several factors that exclude their use, including:
- pregnancy,
- abnormal structure of the uterus,
- pelvic infection or at risk of developing it
- uterine or cervical cancer,
- vaginal bleeding of unknown origin
- Wilson’s disease,
- allergy to any of the components of the insert,
- heavy and long periods,
- strong uterine contractions during menstruation – increases the risk of rejection and expulsion of the IUD through the uterus.
Therefore, before deciding to insert an intrauterine device, inform your gynecologist, who, thanks to detailed examinations, can rule out all contraindications.