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Grape “Aleshenkin” is a dessert variety bred in Volgograd more than 60 years ago. The plant is characterized by an average ripening period (at the end of August) and resistance to winter temperatures. “Aleshenkin” is valued for its good taste, large clusters and attractive appearance.
The variety is actively grown throughout Our Country. Before planting, it is recommended that you read the description of the Aleshenkin variety, photos of grapes, and reviews.
Description
A detailed description of the variety is as follows:
- tall shrub with emerald-colored and medium-sized leaves;
- leaves have a smooth, glossy surface;
- bisexual flowers are formed on each shoot;
- grape cuttings take root quickly after planting;
- The life span of one branch is about 4-6 years.
“Aleshenkin” is a dessert variety that has good taste. Its berries meet the following characteristics:
- the shape of a bunch of grapes is a regular cone;
- the berries do not fit tightly to each other, which provides them with access to the sun’s rays;
- bunch weight reaches 2 kg or more;
- the berries are oval in shape, the average size is 21×25 mm;
- the weight of the berries is about 5 g;
- the pulp of grapes is juicy, the skin has an average thickness;
- sugar content – 20%;
- 40% of berries do not contain seeds;
- up to 25 kg of grapes are harvested from one vine.
Variety resistance
The disadvantages of the Aleshenkin grape variety include the low resistance of the lower part of the plant to frost. Therefore, it is grafted onto more resistant rootstocks. The ground part of the grapes is able to withstand temperatures down to -26 degrees.
Yield indicators
“Aleshenkin” refers to varieties of high yield. Its fruiting period is 6 years. As practice shows, sweet berries are harvested from the bush for 20 years.
Then the fruiting of grapes is sharply reduced, and the plant is removed from the site. The next planting of grapes is carried out no earlier than 3 years later. During this period, the soil is restored.
If it is possible to completely replace the soil, then it is allowed to plant grapes in a year.
Planting and care
The grape variety “Aleshenkin” requires compliance with certain rules of care. After planting, you need to water the plant, pruning and processing from diseases and pests.
Selecting a landing site
For planting grapes choose bright and warm places. “Aleshenkin” is unpretentious to the soil and location on the site, however, following simple rules will help increase the yield and taste of berries.
To grow grapes, soil preparation is carried out in autumn or spring. First you need to analyze the soil. With an increased clay content, additional drainage is required.
If the vineyard is planted on peat soil, then sand must be added before planting. Sandy soil is fertilized with humus or compost.
Two weeks before planting, the soil is dug up to enrich it with oxygen. The place is chosen on the south or southwest side. For better warming of the soil, it is recommended to plant grapes near the wall of the house. In the spring, the snow melts faster from the south side, and in the autumn, the soil freezes later.
Aleshenkin grapes do not need to be planted between shrubs or trees that create shade for it.
The variety is suitable for growing in film greenhouses. Grapes need access to the sun’s rays, while excess moisture and shade are detrimental to him.
Rules of landing
Planting and caring for grapes begin in the spring. During the summer and autumn, the plant will strengthen and be able to endure the winter.
In autumn, the soil needs to be dug up and a hole 0,7 m wide and 0,8 m deep should be prepared. If the groundwater is close to the surface, drainage should be arranged. Its functions will be performed by a layer of crushed stone 3 cm thick.
In the spring, top dressing for seedlings is prepared. It is obtained by mixing in equal proportions of soil, river sand and humus. Then nitrophoska and superphosphate are added to the mixture in an amount of 50 g each. Before planting, a bucket of warm water is poured into the pit.
If the grape stalk is located in a container, then you can immediately plant it in a prepared place. If the plant is placed in a plastic bag, then the stalk is first dipped in a zircon solution. This is a natural remedy that stimulates the growth of the root system. For 10 liters of water, 1 ml of the drug is required.
The seedling is placed at the bottom of the pit, and buried in half, after which it is watered and the top layer of earth is poured. The grapes are covered with plastic wrap, in which a hole is cut for the seedling. It is necessary to remove the material at the end of summer.
Spring and summer care
After planting, the vineyard is watered every two weeks. Each plant needs 4 buckets of water. With an excess of moisture, watering is stopped to avoid root rot.
In the spring, shelter is removed from the vineyard and damaged and old branches are removed. The vine is tied to a trellis.
Until the buds have blossomed, you need to feed the vineyard. The variety absorbs liquid fertilizers well: a solution of mullein, superphosphate, ash.
In the summer, you need to pinch the vine at a height of 1,7 m. If the inflorescences are in the shade due to the leaves, then they must be eliminated.
With a lack of pollination, the pea of the grapes is observed when the berries become very small. Therefore, the variety is additionally treated with growth stimulants.
In the future, the grapes “Aleshenkin” do not require top dressing. After the rains, the soil is loosened. Watering is resumed in October to prepare the variety for wintering.
Shrub formation
By forming a bush, its productivity increases, and branches that no longer bear berries are eliminated. The Aleshenkin variety is cut in the fall, its sleeves are laid in a trench and covered from the cold.
When pruning on a branch, up to 16 buds are left. When forming young plants on a branch, 4 shoots must be left, which are tied to a wire in the spring.
On the branches from which the crop was harvested last year, 3 buds are left. If all the kidneys wake up in the spring, then only the lower one is left. A feature of the Aleshenkin variety is the presence of an inflorescence on the lower bud.
The laying of the buds of the Aleshenkin variety occurs every year, however, to obtain large clusters on the grapes, only one inflorescence is left.
Over time, the sleeves thicken, so it is difficult to style them for the winter. Therefore, it is recommended to form new sleeves and cut out the old ones. For uniform ripening of grapes, it is necessary to cut off the upper sections of the brush.
Prevention of diseases and pests
Variety “Aleshenkin” requires preventive treatment from diseases and pest attacks.
To prevent fungal diseases, bushes are sprayed with lime and growth stimulants. The variety has a low resistance to oidium, so you need to treat the plant with Topaz. Ridomil Gold is used to protect grapes from mildew.
“Alyoshenkin” is attacked by a spider mite. This is a representative of arachnids that lives on the underside of grape leaves and feeds on their juices. The treatment of the variety from the tick is carried out in autumn or early spring. For this, phosphamide or nitrafen is used.
The root system of grapes is eaten by marble beetle. You can get rid of the pest by introducing hexachlorane into the soil.
Reviews
Conclusion
“Aleshenkin” is an unpretentious variety that can withstand winter frosts. For its planting, winegrowers choose a sunny place next to the wall of the house or in a greenhouse. The plant requires constant care in the form of watering and the formation of bushes. Due to the average resistance to diseases and pests, preventive treatment of grapes is mandatory.
