Varieties of radish

Bitter radish is a vegetable crop distributed throughout Our Country. Radish is cultivated to obtain a root crop rich in trace elements and vitamins. The plant is resistant to weather changes, tolerates temperature drops, therefore it is suitable for growing in the northern part of the Federation. In the southern regions, two crops can be obtained per season.

Biological description of the root crop

The historical homeland is the Mediterranean, radish was brought to Our Country in the XNUMXth century. Belongs to the genus Cruciferous of the Cabbage family (Raphanus sativus), the main varieties are mostly biennial. The first year the plant produces a rosette and a root crop, the second year it produces seeds. Hybrid varieties are mostly annuals. The vegetable species has a significant number of varieties and varieties that differ in the shape of the fruit, size, color, ripening time. General description of radish:

• stem up to 1 meter long;
• leaves are large, narrow below, wide above, lyre-shaped, entire, dissected or pinnate;
• racemose inflorescences consist of small flowers of blue, purple, yellow or white;
• round seeds of dark color are located in a pod;
• the roots are thickened, suitable for eating.

Content of vitamins and minerals

In all varieties and varieties, the content of useful, active substances is approximately the same. The culture includes:

• essential oils;
• mineral salts;
• bactericidal substances (vitamin C);
• glucose;
• dry substances;
• protein;
• cellulose;
• potassium;
• magnesium;
• calcium;
• vitamins of groups B, PP, C, E, A.

Grow varieties of turnips as a snack vegetable. Active substances in the composition of varieties improve appetite and digestion. Promote liquefaction and removal of sputum from the bronchi. It is used in folk medicine as a tonic. It has diuretic and choleretic properties. Breaks down cholesterol.

Turnip and radish: what is the difference

Both herbaceous crops belong to the Cabbage family, at first glance, they are similar in tops and root crops, but these are completely different plants that differ from each other:

Radish is distributed into several varieties, species and varieties. There are two varieties of turnip: Japanese, white (garden). A lumpy turnip – turnip has been bred. Radishes are not grown for livestock feed.

Types of radish with photos and names

The main types of radish, which include a significant number of taxa, radically different in color and shape. White radish has several varieties. Has a less spicy taste. Forms fruits of a rounded or oblong shape. Varieties are annual and biennial. It tolerates low temperatures well. Distribution area – Siberia, the European part of Our Country, Southern, Central regions.

Black radish – a species that includes a large number of varieties. They differ in shape, growing season. Annual varieties of culture of the summer ripening period, two-year autumn. All are black in color. The taste of the root crop is bitter, spicy due to the high concentration of essential oils. The chemical composition is more diverse than that of the white species. The radish is undemanding to agricultural technology, tolerates a decrease in temperature. Cultivated throughout Our Country (except for areas of risky farming).

Field radish refers to weeds, found among agricultural crops. It grows on roadsides, wastelands. The annual herbaceous species is not eaten, it is used for hybridization of new table varieties.

Varieties of radish with photos and descriptions

Radish is one of the few herbaceous plants, which has a large number of hybrid varieties with different color spectrum and fruit shape. There are two varieties of radish, summer and autumn, they have different ripening periods and storage periods. The most common and popular types include the following varieties of radish:

Radish sowing includes a variety of white varieties “Gayvoronskaya”. Medium-late, high-yielding is not afraid of the first frost. The fruit is in the form of a cone or cylinder. The peel and pulp are white, medium juicy, stored for a long time, has a sharp taste. This variety includes Black Round, with the same characteristics as Gaivoronskaya. The difference is in appearance.

Radish “Red Meat” – the result of the work of Japanese breeders. Rarely found in home gardens. The fruits are large and firm. The peel is painted in burgundy and light pink. The flesh is dark red. The root crop is round or cylindrical, weighing 250 g. There is no bitterness in the taste, gastronomic characteristics like that of a radish.

Radish “Lobo” – a variety of Chinese origin. An early variety ripens in 2 months, it is stored poorly. Consume fresh immediately after harvest. The root crop is round, less often in the form of an elongated oval, grows up to 0,5 kg. The color of the surface layer is beige, pink or red, purple is found, the flesh is white. Upper part green.

Chinese radish “Elephant’s Fang” – medium-late variety, ripening in three months. Root crop of the elongated cone-shaped form, with a white skin and pulp. Weight 530 g. On a smooth surface there are pigments of a green tint. In addition to fruits, the tops of plants are used as food. The variety does not store well.

yellow radish – the main representative of the variety of radish “Zlata”. Root crops are rounded, small in size with a dark yellow skin and white flesh. Selective early variety from the Czech Republic. Weight 25 g. The surface is rough. Fruit with a long root system.

Long radish (red) – ultra-early variety, ripens in 40 days, intended for summer harvest. Due to the low calorie content, it is recommended to include in the diet menu. The cone-shaped root crop has a length of about 14 cm, a diameter of 5 cm. The surface is bright red, the flesh is white, juicy without sharpness. Weight 170 g.

garden radish includes a one-year-old radish and a two-year-old turnip. This category includes almost all varieties with commercially available seeds. All have different ripening dates and colors: white, black, red, purple, pink.

Radish “Lady” originally from China, mid-season, ripens in 1,5 months. Well preserved, used in winter. The variety tolerates low temperatures well. Root crops of red color, rounded, weighing 130 g. The pulp is juicy, spicy, creamy, pink near the peel. “Lady” is a biennial plant, the seeds retain their varietal characteristics.

“Misato Red” – a subspecies of sowing radish, an early variety intended for planting in summer. A variety of Chinese selection. It has a mild taste due to the minimum content of essential oils. The fruits are round, dark pink in color, the skin is even, glossy. Weight 170 g, diameter 9 cm. The pulp is white, juicy. A feature of “Misato Red” is the ability to maintain its marketable appearance and taste for six months, which is not typical of early varieties.

purple radish – early hybrid, maturing in 65 days. The concentration of useful substances is identical to the composition of the tops, which goes to the preparation of salads. An annual variety, in the Southern regions two crops can be harvested during the summer. The root crop is dark purple in color with beige fragments. The peel is uneven, rough. The shape is in the form of a cone, weight 200 g. The pulp is white with purple splashes, juicy, sweet, there is no bitterness.

“Cylinder” – a variety of black radish. Medium-late variety, high-yielding, all fruits of the same size with a black surface. The pulp is white, bitter. Variety for long-term storage, use in the winter-spring period. Weight 350 g, length 20–25 cm, cylindrical.

“Kohlrabi” translated from German as “cabbage radish”, the culture is often referred to as cabbage. Exotic vegetable, located on the surface of the ground. The fork is round, dense, similar in taste and appearance to a root crop. It comes in green, cream, purple colors. Weighing up to 800 g. The plant belongs to the medium early. It is used for vegetable salads, lends itself well to heat treatment.

Varieties of winter radish

Late types of culture, which are well stored, are characterized by a longer ripening period. The most popular among vegetable growers are the best mid-late radish varieties suitable for cultivation in the climate:

A variety of Margelan radish, originally from China, is very popular among gardeners. Unpretentious to the composition of the soil, care. Frost-resistant, distribution area throughout Our Country. The variety is early ripe, the laying of seeds is carried out at the end of June, harvested in September. In the South, a variety of culture is sown twice in spring and in mid-summer. It ripens in 60 days, the root crop is green, rounded, weight 350g, there is bitterness in the taste.

How to choose the right variety

Among the numerous species and varieties of radish for cultivation, choose the one that suits the climatic features of the area. If the goal is to keep the crop until spring, the culture acquires a two-year growing season, medium-late. Most varieties of hybrids are suitable for summer use. On the packaging with planting material indicate the timing of planting, ripening and the recommended region, this item is paid special attention.

Conclusion

Bitter radish is a vegetable crop that is in great consumer demand. Vitamin composition improves tone. The plant is unpretentious in care, has a large number of varieties. Frost-resistant species are cultivated in the North. In regions with a warm climate, two crops can be obtained.