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Sweet pepper is one of the most popular representatives of annual herbaceous plants of the nightshade family. Warm Central America became his homeland. Despite the strong difference between our climate and its usual conditions, it is successfully grown in our country. There are so many varieties of sweet pepper that even the most fastidious gardener will be able to choose a variety to their liking. Among all this diversity, there are green varieties of sweet pepper. It is them that we will consider in this article.
Benefit
All varieties of sweet pepper are distinguished by their composition rich in useful substances. It includes vitamins and minerals such as:
- vitamin C;
- vitamin A;
- vitamins of group B;
- vitamins of group P;
- sodium;
- magnesium;
- iron and other vitamins and minerals.
Unlike red and yellow varieties, green sweet peppers contain slightly less vitamin C. But its benefits do not diminish. After all, the main part of this vitamin is concentrated in the pulp near the stalk, and we, as a rule, cut it off when cooking.
This composition of sweet green peppers will help with the following health problems:
- insomnia;
- chronic fatigue;
- depression.
In addition to normalizing the functioning of the nervous system, sweet peppers have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the circulatory system. It will significantly reduce the likelihood of blood clots due to its antioxidants.
It will also be useful for the digestive system. For people with diseases of this body system, it is recommended to eat at least 100 grams of pepper per day.
The use of sweet pepper will allow women who are expecting a baby to forget about problems with skin, hair and nails.
The benefits of this member of the nightshade family of crops will be noticeable only with moderate use. Excessive consumption of peppers can greatly increase the acidity of the stomach, thereby causing gastritis and ulcers. In addition, it is not recommended to lean on it for people suffering from:
- diseases of the kidneys and liver;
- hypertension;
- hemorrhoids;
- epilepsy.
This does not mean that people with such diseases should stop using it. They just shouldn’t eat more than 1 pepper a day.
In general, green sweet peppers are an inexpensive, but very healthy vegetable that can be successfully grown on your site.
Characteristics of varieties
There are not so many varieties of green pepper. They differ from other varieties only in that during the period of technical maturity, their green fruits are not bitter and can be eaten.
Early
The fruiting of these varieties will not keep you waiting. It will come within 100 days from the moment of emergence of seedlings.
Atlantic F1
This hybrid variety is one of the leaders in fruit size. High bushes of the Atlantic F1 hybrid begin to bear fruit in 90-100 days from the appearance of the first shoots. Peppers of this variety have the following parameters: 20 cm long, 12 cm wide and weighing up to 500 grams. They have rather thick walls – about 9 mm. The green color of the pepper changes to dark red as it ripens.
Atlantic F1 is perfect for both open ground and greenhouses. The long pepper of this variety has good immunity to the tobacco mosaic virus.
Giant Dutch
This variety can be equated to ultra-early varieties. Its fruiting occurs 80 days after emergence. It has powerful bushes up to 70 cm in height. A distinctive feature of the green peppers of the Dutch Giant are excellent taste qualities. Its fruits are up to 11 cm long and up to 10 cm wide. Before reaching full maturity, the peppers are green in color, and then red. There is no bitterness in the taste of their pulp, it is juicy, dense and can be equally used both fresh and for cooking. The thickness of its walls will be about 7 cm.
The yield of the Dutch Giant will be about 3 kg per square meter. The variety has good resistance to many diseases and long shelf life.
Viking
From the moment the shoots appear, no more than 100 days will pass, and the medium-sized Viking bushes will already delight the gardener with cylindrical fruits. Since this variety belongs to green varieties, even the most immature pepper will be devoid of bitterness in taste. The weight of a mature fruit will not exceed 100 grams, and its color will be rich red.
The variety is characterized by high yield and resistance to tobacco mosaic virus.
The Green Miracle
This is one of the earliest varieties of sweet pepper – only 75 days from germination. Its name speaks for itself. Dark green pepper of this variety can be used in the period of technical ripeness no worse than in the period of biological. It has the shape of a three- or four-sided cube with a height of up to 12 cm and a width of up to 10 cm. The wall thickness of the Green Miracle will not exceed 7 mm.
The variety is perfect for both greenhouses and open ground. It is resistant to potato virus and tobacco mosaic.
average
The harvest of these varieties can be harvested in 110 – 130 days from the first shoots.
Pomegranate
Green long pepper of this variety is located on medium-sized bushes up to 45 cm high. It has a pod-like shape and weight up to 35 grams. The green color of the fruit gradually changes to dark red. The pulp of this variety is distinguished not only by its taste, but also by its high content of nutrients.
This is one of the cold hardy varieties. In addition, it has resistance to verticillium.
Ermak
This variety is distinguished by semi-bouquet bushes of compact size. Their height will be only 35 cm.
Pepper Ermak has a length of up to 12 cm and a weight of up to 100 grams. It has average wall thickness – no more than 5 mm. This long pepper has an elongated cone shape and juicy flesh. During the period of biological maturity, the color of the pepper changes to red.
The high yield of Ermak allows you to collect at least 3 kg of fruit per square meter.
Cup winner F1
The harvest of its fruits will have to wait up to 115 days. This hybrid variety has semi-spreading bushes of medium height. Among their dark green large leaves, it is difficult to see the fruits. The dark green pepper of this hybrid looks like a cylinder and weighs about 170 grams. On its glossy surface, ribbing is strongly pronounced. After reaching biological maturity, the color of the pepper becomes rich red. The hybrid variety Cup Winner F1 is distinguished by its taste characteristics.
This is a high-yielding hybrid – up to 6,5 kg per square meter.
Titanium
Titan bushes have large dark green leaves. Each of them can simultaneously form up to 8 fruits. The pepper is quite small in size, weighing up to 250 grams. Its wall thickness will be about 7 mm. It has a prism shape and a rather glossy surface. At full maturity, the light green color of the pepper changes to red. Titanium pulp has excellent taste qualities.
The yield of one square meter will be no more than 6,5 kg. Titanium is resistant to verticillium.
Late
The harvest of these varieties will have to wait the longest – more than 130 days. They are ideal for greenhouses and for open ground in the southern regions.
Dar Altai
Green pepper of the Dar Altai variety has the shape of an elongated prism. Its weight will not exceed 250 grams, and the wall thickness will be about 7 mm. There is no bitterness in the taste of the pulp of this pepper, therefore its use is defined as universal. As it ripens, its green long pepper turns red.
The variety is distinguished by its high yield. It will be at least 6 kg per square meter. In addition, Dar Altai is resistant to tobacco mosaic virus.
Zefir
It is rightfully considered one of the best among late-ripening varieties. He has sprawling medium-sized bushes up to 80 cm in height. Marshmallow pepper has the shape of a ball up to 12 cm long. Its weight will not exceed 300 grams, and the width of the walls will be 8 mm. The pulp of the fruit is quite juicy and sweet. It is perfect for consumption both fresh and canned.
The yield of Zephyr will be about 1 ton per hundred square meters of land. In addition, the variety also has excellent resistance to drought and disease. Its fruits can retain their taste and commercial qualities for a long time.
Novocherkassky 35
It is characterized by high semi-stem bushes up to 100 cm in length. In contrast, the fruits cannot boast of a large size. Their length will be no more than 9 cm with a weight of 70 grams. The wall thickness of the fruit will not exceed 5 mm. In their form, the green fruits of Novocherkassky 35 look like a truncated pyramid. During the period of maximum maturity, their smooth surface is painted red. They have tender and sweet flesh. It is ideal for canning.
This variety has a high yield. From one square meter it will be possible to collect from 10 to 14 kg of peppers. Novocherkassky 35 is not afraid of the most common pepper diseases, including tobacco mosaic virus.
Recommendations for growing
Pepper is very demanding on heat, so in our latitudes it is grown only in seedlings. It is best to plant seeds for seedlings in February. The southern regions can start preparing seedlings in the month of March.
It is recommended to plant pre-soaked swollen seeds. This will significantly increase the speed of their germination. If a large capacity is used for planting, then the seeds should be planted every 5 cm. But since almost all cultures of the nightshade family do not tolerate transplanting, it is better to plant the seeds in separate containers for several things.
The first shoots of pepper appear after 2-3 days. Further care for young seedlings consists only in regular watering with warm water.
To provide young seedlings with faster adaptation to a permanent place, it must be hardened. To do this, at night it is necessary to provide young pepper plants with a temperature of +10 to +15 degrees.
Ready seedlings are planted in open ground or a greenhouse not earlier than the end of May. In this case, it is important to wait for the air temperature from +15 degrees. The optimal distance between adjacent plants is 45-50 cm.
Pepper needs pinching. There should be no more than 5 stepchildren on one bush. Remove excess shoots only in hot weather. In addition, it is necessary to regularly ensure that there are no more than 20 peppers on the bush. Otherwise, even a tied bush can break under the weight of its fruits.
Regular watering and fertilizing is the key to a rich harvest. Watering should be carried out as the top layer of the earth dries, but not more than 2 times a week. Sprinkler irrigation is ideal, but root watering can also be dispensed with.
Pepper responds well to the application of all fertilizers, except for potassium chloride. Its use should be abandoned.
The video will tell you more about growing pepper: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxTIGtAF7Cw