Contents
The pear is one of the most common woody plants in gardens in all climates except the Arctic. Culture with tasty, healthy fruits of universal use, different ripening period, weight and taste. Below are the best autumn pear varieties with a photo and a name, a general characteristic will help you decide on the choice of a seedling for planting in a particular region.
Features of autumn varieties
According to the ripening time, all varieties of this group can be conditionally divided into early autumn, the fruits of which begin to ripen from late August to October, and late ones. Harvest from the latter is removed in October-November, in a temperate climate more often at the stage of technical ripeness.
The degree of winter hardiness for autumn pears is not relevant, sap flow and flowering in them occurs later than the early representatives. Possible return frosts do not harm the plant, which ensures a stable yield.
The advantages of autumn varieties include:
- the possibility of fruit ripening in artificial conditions;
- long shelf life, presentation and nutritional value of pears do not lose within four months;
- transportability;
- stress resistance, at the ripening stage, trees calmly react to temperature changes and the duration of autumn precipitation;
- in all representatives of this group, the ovaries do not crumble, which also contributes to a stable, high yield.
The disadvantages of autumn pears include the poor drought resistance of most varieties, therefore, when choosing a seedling for planting in a subtropical climate, special attention is paid to this factor. In terms of taste, late varieties are more acidic, but their concentration of vitamins and useful chemical elements is higher.
All autumn pears are suitable for the Middle and Central strip, regardless of the ripening time. Basically, they are created for these regions or are zoned in them.
The best varieties of autumn pears
The group of late representatives of the culture is quite diverse. Many popular old varieties, the seed market is constantly replenished with new ones. Below are the best varieties of pears of autumn ripening with characteristics and photos of ripe fruits.
Autumn Bukovina
The tree bears fruit Autumn of Bukovina on a site up to 40 years old, it is distinguished by a stable yield, simultaneous ripening from mid-September. This is one of the large varieties of autumn pears, with the following description:
- the tree is compact, medium-sized, with a dense pyramidal crown;
- fruits weighing 250-400 g, elongated, regular pear-shaped;
- the peel is thin, hard, golden yellow with a pronounced blush and brown patches;
- the pulp of a homogeneous consistency, creamy, juicy, elastic;
- the taste is sweet and sour, the concentration of solids is low.
Pears retain their presentation after harvest within two months.
Conference
Conference is an English autumn variety that has been grown in Our Country for over 50 years. It belongs to early-growing, pear blossoms in the fourth year of vegetation. At the peak of active fruiting, up to 80 kg are harvested from an adult tree. The variety is tall, spreading, slightly branched. Pears begin to ripen unevenly from mid-September, the crop is harvested in stages, the last before frost. Fruits weighing 150-170 g, 12 cm long. The shape is elongated, the stalk is short, thick. The peel is dense, smooth, green with rusty areas. The pulp is oily, juicy, white. The taste is balanced, with tart notes.
The fruits of the variety are well fixed on the branches, do not crumble even after frosts.
Cheremshina
Cheremshin’s autumn pear reaches its final height by the age of 10 – 4,5-5 m. It begins to bear fruit from the sixth year. The crown is narrow, pyramidal, dense. The fruits of technical ripeness reach in October, after removal, ripening is necessary within 3-4 weeks. Pears of medium weight – 150-200 g, juicy, fragrant, sweet and sour, without granules in the pulp. The peel is medium density, yellow-green, with a predominance of a brown (“rusty”) coating. The shape of the fruit is in the form of a drop with a thick short stalk.
Keeping quality of pears 4-4,5 months
The November
Variety Noyabrskaya belongs to the late autumn group of pears, it begins to ripen at the end of the first autumn month. Filmed at the stage of technical maturity, consumer reaches in early November. The crown is loose, narrow-pyramidal, medium-sized. The fruits are small, but numerous, weighing 65-70 g. Productivity – 40 kg per tree. Pears are sweet and sour, with granular pulp, with a predominance of dry matter. The shape is pear-shaped, the surface is bumpy, green-yellow, monochromatic with brown patches.
Retains taste until the end of December
Williams (Williams)
Williams is a sweet variety of autumn pear with the following description:
- vigorous tree with a spreading, rounded, dense crown;
- not self-fertile, pollinating neighbors with a period of simultaneous flowering are required;
- reproductive age reaches 8 years;
- frost resistance is low, autumn variety for the southern regions;
- yield 50-60 kg, regardless of weather conditions;
- scab resistance is low;
- fruits in the form of a drop, weighing 200-250 g, with a yellow, slightly bumpy surface;
- the pulp is homogeneous, creamy, juicy, with a pronounced aroma.
Pears ripen at the same time in mid-October.
Shelf life no more than two months
Nikolai Kruger
The Romanian autumn pear variety Nikolai Kruger is ideal for growing in the Middle and Central lane. It is popular not only with gardeners, but also with farmers. The tree is medium-sized, slightly leafy, round-pyramidal in shape. The variety is grafted onto a quince rootstock, the first flowering after four years of growth. Large pears up to 350 g in weight. Juicy with oily creamy pulp, sweet and sour, rounded elongated, with a pronounced pink pigment.
Tasting rating 4,9 on a 5-point scale
Marble
Pear early autumn Marble fully ripens at the end of September. The crown is wide-pyramidal, rare, medium-sized. Dessert variety, massively distributed in the Central regions, often found in the gardens of the Moscow region. Fruits weighing 170-200 g, round-conical. The peel is hard, smooth, yellow-green with a pink blush. The pulp is coarse-grained, juicy, creamy. The taste is sweet with a slight presence of acid, tasting score 4,7 points. The variety is transportable.
Retains nutritional value for two months under proper storage conditions
In memory of Yakovlev
Frost-resistant autumn variety with a rounded sparse crown, up to 5 m high, ripens in September-October. The fruits do not crumble, hold firmly on a long, curved stalk. Pears of different weights from 110 to 170 g do not ripen at the same time. The shape is wide pear-shaped, the peel is glossy, light yellow, with a pronounced blush. The pulp is oily with fine-grained granulation near the core, juicy, sweet, aromatic, cream color. The variety is self-pollinating, with stable fruiting. Blooms in the third year after planting.
Productivity from an adult tree – 35-40 kg
Veles
Srednerosly sprawling tree with dense foliage, ring type fruiting. Early fertility is low, the first fruits are formed only in the seventh year of growth, and then in a nursery. On the plot, it blooms in the ninth year, enters the peak of fruiting at 12 years old and gives a stable harvest over the next 30-35 years. The pear periodically needs pruning, and at the beginning of growth, the formation of a crown. Fruits weighing 150-170 g, wide pear-shaped, regular symmetrical shape with a smooth glossy surface. The skin is thin, elastic, yellow-green with a pale pink pigment. The pulp is creamy, semi-oily, juicy, loose, sweet and sour.
Harvest in two stages: at the beginning and end of October
Muscovite
Pear Muscovite with a dense conical crown, early fruiting, with low drought resistance. Zoned in the Kirov region. Standard autumn variety with medium yield. Fruits weighing up to 130 g are tear-shaped, with a smooth light yellow surface and a scattered red blush. The pulp is fragrant, juicy, sweet and sour, creamy. The structure is coarse-grained, the tasting score is 4 points. It ripens in October, in cold regions it is removed at the stage of technical ripeness.
Shelf life within 30 days
Moscow autumn
Moscow autumn – a hybrid of selection. The pear is fast-growing, self-pollinating, productive, fruiting is stable, the fruits form the same mass (140 g) over the years and do not shrink. The tree is medium-sized with a spreading pyramidal crown, leafiness is weak. One of the popular autumn varieties of sweet pear belongs to the dessert group. Fruits of the correct pear-shaped form, aligned with a glossy surface. With a lack of moisture, they are prone to shedding. The peel is thin, hard, green with pink pigmentation. The pulp is juicy with a minimum amount of acids, dense, aromatic, without granulation. Collection begins in early September, ends in early October.
The shelf life is short, the marketable condition retains no more than three weeks
autumn dream
Autumn dream – a pear with a narrow pyramidal, loose crown, leafiness is weak. Not self-fertile, requires pollinating varieties. With a high rate of frost resistance, undemanding to watering. The variety ripens unevenly in the middle of the autumn period, the crop is harvested until November 20. Does well in artificial conditions. Keeping quality is high – up to 3,5 months. Pears tolerate transportation well, are suitable for mechanized harvesting, they are grown on an industrial scale. Fruits weighing 65-75 g, ovoid, often with a bumpy surface. The peel is thick, green-yellow with pink pigmentation. The pulp is fine-grained, juicy, aromatic.
The taste of the pear is sweet and sour, with a deficiency of ultraviolet light, the sugar content is low
Liubava
Lyubava is the most common autumn pear variety with large fruits, single specimens can grow up to 450 g in weight, the average weight is 200-250 g, small ones do not form on the tree. A pear blossoms in the fifth year after being placed in the ground. Seedlings are distinguished by high survival rate and stress resistance. Fruiting mixed type, to increase productivity, pollinators with simultaneous flowering are desirable.
Pears are drop-shaped, regular in shape, fixed on short thick petioles. At the stage of biological ripeness, they are light yellow, with an unexpressed pink blush. The pulp is juicy, fine-grained, beige. The taste of the dessert variety is sweet, with slight acidity. Collection time – September-October.
The shelf life of autumn Lyubava is 2-2,5 months
Azure
Azure – one of the old autumn varieties of the Crimean selection. Pear has been grown since 1983. Medium-sized tree with a rounded, spreading, sparse crown. Mixed type of fruiting, the yield is much higher in the presence of pollinating neighbors. It blooms in the sixth year of vegetation, it is considered an adult after 12 years. The autumn variety is suitable for growing in warm climates.
Pears are large, leveled, weighing 230-250 g, they ripen at the same time, the collection time is October-November. The fruits are short pear-shaped, slightly ribbed. The surface is yellow, with pink pigment at the stem and pronounced brown dots. The pulp is sweet and sour, oily, dense, juicy, aromatic, creamy.
Shelf life of the crop – within three months
Early
Skoroplodnaya is a relatively young autumn table variety of domestic selection. A tall tree with a wide pyramidal sparse crown, self-fertile. The first ovaries are formed in the fourth year of growth. The yield is stable – 40-50 kg per tree.
The fruits are rounded, weighing 120-140 g, yellow-green with a pronounced subcrustal blotch. The pulp is fine-grained, juicy, sweet and sour, the shade is closer to beige. Grown in the temperate climate zone, both on plots and on farmer’s fields.
The ripening period of the Skoroplodnaya variety is September-October, the keeping quality is about four months
Conclusion
Autumn pear varieties with a photo and name, characteristics, description of fruits and ripening period will help you choose the desired seedling for the garden. Fruits of all varieties are characterized by high nutritional value, they are consumed fresh or processed for harvesting for the winter. Late pears are stored for a long time and calmly endure transportation over long distances.
