Vaccinations that even adults need to do

Doctor-infectious disease specialist GBUZ MO “MONIKI them. M.F. Vladimirsky ” Natalia Voronkova told who needs to be vaccinated and when.

Immunity is natural and post-vaccination. In the first case, it is formed as a result of a previous illness and can be lifelong, as, for example, after rubella, hepatitis A, chickenpox. Artificial, on the other hand, often decreases over the years. The effectiveness depends on many reasons, including compliance with the scheme: it happens that one vaccination is given, but revaccination is not carried out after the allotted time. The older a person is, the harder he suffers from infectious diseases.

Where to get vaccinated

It is best to contact the local polyclinic, vaccination room or infectious disease specialist. If there is no data on immunization and past diseases, an analysis can be made for antibodies to the virus. It’s okay if a person is vaccinated, and later it turns out that he was vaccinated, the immunity will only become stronger. A doctor’s examination is required before the procedure. Tell your doctor if you have been ill for a month, have a fever, or have previously had severe reactions to vaccines. Do you suffer from allergies? One to two days before visiting the hospital, avoid including allergens in your diet, like new foods. After vaccination, the injection site may swell, sometimes dizziness, weakness, lethargy appear. If the reactions persist for more than two days or the temperature rises above 39 degrees, and the injection site is very swollen, consult a doctor.

The minimum program

What to vaccinate against:

— diphtheria, tetanus – adults over 18 years old every 10 years;

— viral hepatitis B – previously unvaccinated adults from 18 to 55 years old once according to the “0-1-6” scheme: two vaccinations with an interval of a month, then six months later;

— rubella – women from 18 to 25 years old inclusive, if they have not been ill, have not been vaccinated, were vaccinated once or do not have information about immunization;

— measles – adults up to 35 years old, employees of medical and educational organizations and other persons from risk groups up to 55 years old;

— flu – annually to people with chronic diseases, pregnant women, employees of medical and educational organizations, transport, utilities, adults over 60 years old.

Important addition

It is worth getting vaccinated against …

– hepatitis A virus. Most infections occur among young children, but adults can also become infected in densely populated cities, especially if there is chronic liver disease. Risk factors include poor sanitation, lack of safe drinking water. Immunization is needed if you are going to Turkey, Egypt or Tunisia;

– pneumococcal infection. Recommended for adults over 65 years old, as well as in the presence of chronic diseases of the respiratory system, liver, diabetes mellitus;

– meningococcal infection. A necessary preventive measure for students and other persons living in hostels, conscripts and recruits;

– tick-borne encephalitis, if you often visit the forest. Cases of the disease are regularly recorded even in Moscow and the Moscow region. It is worth addressing the issue in February – March, so that immunity is developed before the start of the season.

When planning a trip abroad, learn about infectious diseases common in the region, and get vaccinated in about six months. Without some vaccinations, you may not be allowed to enter a number of countries. The incidence of measles is now on the rise in Europe. This is due to the low level of immunization in recent years. The only way to prevent illness is through vaccination. Adults under 35 years old are vaccinated free of charge, those who are older undergo the procedure at their own expense. If you have been in contact with a patient, the vaccination will be carried out according to epidemic indications without age restrictions. It is best to see a doctor within 72 hours after detecting a disease in someone from the environment.