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The uterus is an organ of the woman’s reproductive system in which a fetus develops. Through contact with foreign bodies, such as birth control coils, as well as sexual contacts, she is exposed to numerous infections. There are also several abnormalities in the structure and function of the uterus.
Uterine ailments
The diseases are associated with a change and disturbances in the structure of the uterus.
- Adenomyosis and endometriosis – these are diseases that affect the tissue that lines the walls of the uterus, i.e. the endometrium. In adenomyosis of the endometrium, it improperly imbues itself in the uterine muscle membrane, the so-called myometrium. On the other hand, the endometrial uterus is one in which the pathological structures of the endometrium are located in the tissues of the genital organs, not in its muscle tissue.
- Echogenic uterus or echogenically heterogeneous uterus – uterus with abnormal development of endometrial tissues. It is also often associated with uterine fibroids.
- A two-horned uterus is a rare congenital defect of the uterus that causes the organ to be improperly shaped. It is about the presence of two independent horns that form a 1 cm depression on the outer surface of the uterine body. This may result in the inability to report pregnancy and therefore frequent miscarriages.
- Hypoplastic uterus – is the term for a very small uterus. It is not a threat if it is not accompanied by other ailments and ailments.
Uterine defects acquired after pregnancy
- Atonic uterus – atony occurs in women after childbirth and consists in limiting the ability of the uterine muscle to contract. Most often it leads to postpartum hemorrhages and hemorrhagic shock, which are a direct life threatening factor. The atonic uterus is also called a paresis uterus. Treatment consists in stimulating the uterine muscle to contract as quickly as possible.
- Prolapse of the uterus or lowering of the uterus – a typical change that occurs after pregnancy and also during the menopause. The causes can also be found in physical work, standing work, chronic constipation and respiratory diseases, damage to the pelvic and labia nerves (most often as a result of vaginal childbirth with a large weight). Lowering the uterus does not cause discomfort both in everyday life and during sexual intercourse.
The most common diseases of the uterus
- Cervical polyps, or overgrown forms of the mucosa. They are usually the result of hormonal disorders, and more specifically a significant increase in estrogen levels. Cervical polyps are treated with either hormone therapy or curettage.
- Uterine fibroids – these are benign and the most common tumors of the uterus. They arise during the excessive multiplication of muscle cells. Small changes of this type are rarely removed, but always closely monitored. The larger ones must be removed so that they do not turn into much more dangerous sarcomas.
- Cervical cancer. A very serious disease that affects the uterus. The cause of the development of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus HPV. Unfortunately, changes are most often detected in women too late, which significantly worsens the prognosis. The way to avoid getting sick is to have regular Pap smear tests.
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