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Uterine fibroids can be as high as 60 to 80 percent. female population. Although they are benign tumors, they can cause bothersome clinical symptoms. They occur in about 50 percent. sick, significantly worsening their functioning. The drug tells about the operative methods of their treatment. Dorota Niewęgłowska, specialist in gynecology and obstetrics at SCM clinic in Krakow.
- Uterine fibroids are benign tumors. In themselves, they do not threaten a woman’s life, but often significantly worsen her functioning and affect her health
- The main clinical signs indicating their occurrence are abnormal uterine bleeding and the ensuing anemia. In addition, large lesions can create pressure that can cause pollakiuria or sacral pain
- Often, fibroids are also the cause of female fertility problems
- More information can be found on the Onet homepage.
Diagnosis of fibroids
The diagnostics of fibroids is mainly carried out by performing an ultrasound examination, in rarer cases a radiological examination, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging.
– Ultrasonography is a minimally invasive and inexpensive examination that allows (according to the available data from the literature) to effectively determine the location of up to four fibroids or lesions with a volume of approx. 370 ml – says the gynecologist. Dorota Niewęgłowska.
These types of lesions include fibroids: intracavitary, submucosal, intramural and subserial. This division is distinguished by the location of the tumors in the uterus. Their removal also depends on her. In addition, when choosing a treatment, the patient’s procreation plans are also taken into account.
- See also: Vitamin D reduces the risk of uterine fibroids
It should be emphasized that asymptomatic fibroids do not require treatment, only observation is used.
– The only patients undergoing surgery for asymptomatic fibroids are women with submucosal or intracavitary fibroids who are planning to become pregnant or have difficulty conceiving. According to research, fibroids in this location may cause early miscarriages or problems with embryo implantation, says the specialist.
Clinical symptoms of fibroids
Even small fibroids that grow into the uterine cavity (type 0, 1 or 2) can cause abnormal bleeding, heavy periods and anemia.
– These types of changes are operated hysteroscopically – the doctor explains. – The procedure involves inserting a camera into the uterine cavity, thanks to which its interior is visualized. Then, under visual control, with the help of an electric loop or other available hysteroscopic tools, the lesion is removed from the center of the uterus. These treatments are often preceded by hormone therapy and assisted with antihaemorrhagic drugs, such as tranexamic acid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
As an aid in the treatment of fibroids, it is worth drinking regularly For uterine fibroids – a herbal mixture of Klimuszko’s father, available at a promotional price on Medonet Market.
Larger tumors, on the other hand, mainly cause pressure, and when they press against organs, such as the bladder or intestines, they can cause symptoms such as frequent urination or constipation. When they constrict the sacral plexuses, they cause pain in the spine and pelvis. In addition, such changes can cause pain during intercourse, and really large bumps make themselves felt, further distorting the outline of the abdominal wall.
Surgical treatment of fibroids
When fibroids are showing symptoms, removal should be considered. The selection of the best treatment method depends on several factors. If a woman is of childbearing age and plans to become pregnant in the future, conservative myomectomy, which preserves the uterus, is the gold standard in removing fibroids. Depending on the size of the lesions, it is performed either laparoscopically (minimally invasive) or laparotomy (a procedure performed on an open abdominal cavity).
- Also read: Cervical polyp
In menopausal patients who do not have reproductive plans, it is possible to have the uterine body removed by laparoscopy while preserving the cervix, the so-called LSH, or removal of the entire uterus (TLH) if there are any cervical abnormalities in the cytology.
– Before laparoscopic procedures that remove only the endometrium, a biopsy of the lining of the womb (i.e. the endometrium) is performed. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis or during a gynecological visit. It is also possible to qualify for the diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity. This procedure requires a brief general anesthesia. During the laparoscopic removal of the uterine body, a morcellator is used, which enables the removal of the surgical material outside the patient’s body. In the case of previously unrecognized oncological changes in the endometrium, the use of this tool may contribute to the faster spread of the tumor. – explains the drug. Dorota Niewęgłowska.
- As an adjuvant in the treatment of fibroids, drink Uterine fibroids – a mixture of herbs available on Medonet Market. You can also use Uterine fibroids – a mixture of herbs for irrigation.
The course of the operation to remove the fibroids
Usually, fibroids up to 8 cm in size and maximum 12 cm in size are removed by laparoscopy.
– During laparoscopy, a small incision is made in the navel through which the camera is inserted into the abdominal cavity. The gas is supplied, which allows the creation of space in the operating field. Then the operating tools are introduced through incisions of 5 and 10 mm in length. The incisions are usually made in the suprapubic line, although their location depends largely on the size of the operated lesions, explains the gynecologist.
- Learn more: How is cervical cancer diagnosed?
A complication to consider after laparoscopy is bleeding, therefore postoperative follow-up and control is necessary. Depending on the course of the operation, it happens that the operator decides to leave the tube for one day (the patient has to stay in the clinic during this time) in order to then be able to control possible postoperative complications.
Large tumors larger than those eligible for laparoscopic procedures, or multiple lesions in women who are still planning a pregnancy and are removed by laparotomy. In its course, after opening the abdominal wall (from a suprapubic or straight incision) and gaining an insight into the operating field, the uterine muscle is incised above the myoma. Then the lesion is enucleated and the bed is closed with sutures, which enables hemostasis to be secured. In the case of laparatomy, the patient is usually followed in the clinic for 48 hours. This procedure involves cutting the integuments, which results in additional pain resulting from a larger postoperative wound.
Regardless of how the fibroids are removed, serious postoperative complications are rare. Up to two weeks after the procedure, the patient should limit her physical activity. Full recovery takes about six weeks, after which the woman can return to normal everyday functioning. Conservative myomectomy pregnancy should be planned at least 6 months after surgery. Childbirth, in turn, is performed by cesarean section due to the weakening of the uterine muscle and possible rupture during natural childbirth. Of course, whenever possible, minimally invasive methods should be selected in the form of hysteroscopy (if the localization of the lesion allows it) or laparoscopy. The hospital stay after them usually lasts only one day and the patients recover much faster.
Also read:
- Benign neoplasms of the uterus – symptoms and treatment
- Uterus – structure, role and the most common diseases
- How much do women’s fertility tests cost and where to do them?