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Uterine adenomyosis: diagnosis and treatment. Video
Adenomyosis of the uterus is a type of endometriosis. The essence of the disease is the germination of the endometrium into the uterine muscle layer. As a result, the normal functioning of the pelvic organs is disrupted, characteristic symptoms appear that create discomfort. The diagnosis can be congenital or acquired, and it can be provoked by surgical interventions and inflammatory processes in the body.
Uterine adenomyosis: diagnosis and treatment
Adenomyosis of the uterus – a new phenomenon in medicine
In gynecological practice, adenomyosis began to be considered as an independent disease relatively recently, therefore its causes and mechanism of occurrence are not fully understood. Gynecologists believe that the disease is a type of endometriosis (internal endometriosis).
A number of experts believe that there is some genetic predisposition to the disease.
There are several factors that contribute to the onset of adenomyosis:
- failure of immunity due to long-term stressful situations and tension, lack of rest, depression
- abuse of sunbathing and solariums, after 30 years, susceptibility to radiation increases and it is worth refraining from visiting resorts in hot weather, a sharp change in climatic zones
- mud baths in some cases
- interventions in the uterine cavity: abortion, mechanical trauma, etc.
Diagnostics and types of adenomyosis
Symptoms of the disease are painful sensations during intercourse, brown spotting in the middle of the cycle, shortening of the menstrual cycle, pain and discomfort in the pelvic region before or after menstruation, pronounced premenstrual syndrome.
Adenomyosis can be asymptomatic. That is why it is necessary to visit a gynecologist at least once a year for preventive examinations.
At the first signs of the disease, you should consult a gynecologist. Diagnosis is based on pelvic ultrasound, hysteroscopy, and laparoscopy combined.
Adenomyosis has several stages of its course:
- 1st degree is characterized by the proliferation of the endometrium to the myometrium
- 2nd degree – to the middle of the muscle layer
- 3rd degree – up to serous cover
- 4th degree – to the peritoneum
The change in the shape of the uterus, characteristic of adenomyosis, can only be seen by a specialist
He will also conduct an initial examination with the help of mirrors, prescribe a colposcopy, and take vaginal swabs. As a rule, the disease often becomes the cause of infertility. The onset of pregnancy is possible only after treatment.
Treatment of adenomyosis is prescribed only by a gynecologist after examinations, it can be:
- drug treatment with androgens, progestogens, oral contraceptives
- surgical intervention – carried out in especially difficult cases
With the consent of the woman or for vital indications, the uterus can be removed
But the most widespread method of treatment is laparoscopy, during this operation the diagnosis is confirmed with a small diagnostic and surgical intervention and the overgrown endometrium is resected.
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