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There are a lot of varieties and hybrids of tomatoes. Breeders in different countries produce new ones every year. Most of them grow well in regions with a warm climate. So it should be – the tomato is a southern culture and loves heat. There are few tomatoes that are able to produce fruits in the northern regions, and especially in open ground. Each such variety is just worth its weight in gold. Among them is the old, but still not lost its value tomato Moskvich, its description and characteristics are given below. Muscovite tomato in the photo.
Characteristic and description
The tomato variety Moskvich was entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements back in 1976. It was created at the Institute of General Genetics. N.I. Vavilov from crossing varieties Nevsky and Smena 373 and is intended for cultivation in many regions, including the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions, the Komi and Karelia republics. The growing conditions there are truly extreme. And the Moskvich tomato not only withstands them well, growing in open ground, but also gives a good crop of tomatoes, most of which turn red in the bud. And now more about the Moskvich tomato.
- Variety Moskvich – early ripe. In the open ground, the first ripe tomatoes can be tasted already on the ninetieth day. In cool summers, this period is extended by 1,5 weeks.
- Tomato Moskvich belongs to the determinant varieties. It independently completes its growth when 3-4 brushes are formed on the main stem.
- The bush of the Moskvich variety is standard, strong. Its height does not exceed 40 cm. The leaves are dark green, slightly corrugated. The cover is not strong.
- The recommended planting distance is 40 cm between plants in a row, 60 cm between rows.
- Tomato varieties Moskvich can not be pinched. But if you remove the stepchildren under the lower flower brush, the crop will ripen earlier, and the tomatoes will be larger, but their total number will decrease. With partial pinching, bushes can be planted more often – up to 8 pieces per square meter. m. Such a planting will increase the yield of Moskvich tomato per unit area, but more seedlings will have to be grown. With normal planting, the yield is up to 1 kg per bush.
And now more about the tomatoes themselves, which are shown in the photo:
- their average weight is from 60 to 80 g, but with good care it can reach 100 g;
- the color of the fruit is bright red, the shape is round, sometimes slightly flattened;
- the taste of fruits is sweetish, the sugar content is up to 3%, dry substances – up to 6%;
- the use of tomatoes of the Moskvich variety is universal, they are good fresh, keep their shape and do not crack when pickled and pickled, they make good tomato paste;
- in the north, it is better to collect the fruits brown and ripen.
The description and characteristics of the Moskvich tomato variety will be incomplete, if not to say about its high adaptability to any weather disasters and resistance to many nightshade diseases. The reviews of those who planted the Moskvich tomato confirm this.
Good adaptive abilities and low growth make it possible to grow these tomatoes on a windowsill or on a balcony.
Peculiarities of growing
Tomato Moskvich is grown in seedlings. It should be sown in late March or early April. At this time, there is already enough light and the seedlings will not stretch.
Growing seedlings
Seeds from the store and those that were collected in your garden need preparation before sowing. Their surface may contain pathogens of various diseases of tomatoes. To get rid of them, the seeds are disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate with a concentration of 1% or in a warm 2% solution of hydrogen peroxide. In potassium permanganate, tomatoes are kept for 20 minutes, and in peroxide it is enough to hold the seeds for 8 minutes. After disinfection, the seeds are washed in running water and soaked in a growth stimulator solution. They are kept in solution for no more than 18 hours.
To do this, you need to prepare a seed mixture from equal parts of purchased peat soil, sand and biohumus. It is moistened and filled with sowing containers.
Seeds can be sown immediately in separate small containers. Then they are grown without picking, simply transferring them into larger cups after 3-4 weeks. 2 seeds are sown in each cup or cassette. After germination, the excess plant is not pulled out, but cut off so as not to injure the roots of the tomatoes.
The container is filled with the prepared mixture, grooves are made in it with a depth of 1,5 cm. The distance between them is 2 cm. The same number is between the seeds in the row. Sprinkled seeds can be covered with snow. Melt water is good for seeds. It increases their germination energy and hardens at the same time.
A polyethylene bag is put on a container with sown tomato seeds Moskvich and it is put in heat. Plants don’t need light yet. But it will be very necessary as soon as the first shoots appear. The container is placed on a light, better southern window sill. They reduce night and day temperatures to 3 and 4 degrees, respectively, by 12-17 days. This is necessary so that the seedlings do not stretch.
In the future, the temperature should be maintained during the day not lower than 20 degrees and not higher than 22 degrees and 3-4 degrees cooler at night.
Seedlings of tomato varieties Moskvich need to comply with the irrigation regime. It should be watered only when the soil in the pots dries out.
The appearance of a pair of true leaves reminds that the time has come for Moskvich tomato seedlings to dive. It is seated in separate, better opaque cups, trying to preserve the root system as much as possible.
After picking, seedlings of Moskvich tomatoes are shaded from direct sunlight for several days. In the future, it is watered and fed a couple of times with a complete soluble fertilizer at a concentration half as low as for top dressing in open ground. One and a half month seedlings of Moskvich tomatoes are ready for transplanting.
Soil preparation and planting seedlings
Tomatoes of the Moskvich variety love fertile soil. Therefore, the beds are prepared in the fall, adding at least a bucket of humus or well-rotted compost per square meter when digging. m. In the fall, superphosphate is also added in an amount of up to 70 g per square meter. m beds. In the spring, during harrowing, a tablespoon of potassium sulfate and 2 cups of ash are added.
As soon as the soil temperature rises above 15 degrees, young plants can be planted. For each tomato Moskvich dig a hole, which is well spilled with warm water.
After planting, the ground around the bushes is mulched, and the Moskvich tomato plants themselves are covered with non-woven material. So they get along better.
Outdoor care
Plants are watered with warm, settled water once a week before flowering and twice during flowering and fruiting. As soon as the Moskvich tomato crop is fully formed, watering should be reduced.
Moskvich tomatoes are fed every 10-15 days. It depends on the fertility of the soil in which it grows. For this, a complete soluble fertilizer containing the microelements necessary for the tomato is suitable. As soon as the plants bloom, increase the application rate of potassium and fertilize with calcium nitrate to prevent blossom end rot.
After each watering, the earth is loosened. During the season, 2 hillings are carried out, always after watering or rain.
Tomatoes of the Moskvich variety give the harvest together. To increase it, fruits are harvested in blange ripeness. The rest of the tomatoes will grow faster.
For more information about caring for tomatoes in the open field, see the video:
