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Experienced gardeners prefer to grow tomatoes with different ripening dates. This allows you to provide the family with delicious fresh vegetables for several months. Among the wide variety of early ripe varieties, the Early 83 tomato, bred in the last century at the Moldavian Research Institute, is popular. Although the tomato has been grown for a long time, it still reliably produces high yields.
Detailed description of the variety
Tomato Early 83 is a low-growing variety intended for growing in greenhouses and in open ground. It has a strong root system, which develops rapidly, is branched. The tap root goes to great depths and spreads widely in diameter from the stem.
The plant has a low, thick, erect, branching stem about 60 cm high. It requires a garter when grown.
The leaves are dissected, unpaired, slightly pubescent. Color – dark green.
The tomato has light yellow inconspicuous-looking flowers, small, collected in a brush. It ripens 5 – 7 tomatoes, each of which weighs about 100 g. The fruit ripening period is 95 – 100 days.
Early 83 is a determinant variety, that is, having a growth restriction. Growth ends with a brush. Further, the ovaries are formed on the stepchildren growing from the sinuses.
Description and taste of fruits
The fruits of the tomato Early 83 are round-flat, smooth, with slight ribbing. In the stage of full maturity – bright red. Tomatoes have dense pulp, several chambers with a small amount of seeds. The fruit has an excellent aroma and sweet and sour taste. For the entire growing season, 4-5 brushes ripen, in which up to 8 fruits are tied. They are stored for a long time, easily endure long-term transportation. Early 83 tomatoes are well suited for canning, salads, purees, juices, marinades.
Tomato has high taste and dietary qualities. The calorie content of 100 g of the product is only 19 kcal. Among the nutrients: 3,5 g carbohydrates, 0,1 g fat, 1,1 g protein, 1,3 g dietary fiber.
Due to the chemical composition, the use of tomato helps to lower cholesterol, increase immunity, and form hemoglobin. These properties are manifested due to the presence of glucose, fructose, pectins, acids, vitamins and trace elements in the composition.
Characteristics of tomato Early 83
The variety was bred in Soviet times as a result of selection carried out on the basis of the Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of Moldova. Recommended for outdoor cultivation in the southern regions of Our Country with a warm climate (Crimea, Krasnodar Territory, Caucasus). Under these conditions, the tomato yields up to 8 kg per square meter. In the middle lane, in the Urals and in other areas with a temperate warm climate, Early 83 is recommended for cultivation in greenhouse conditions, since the variety is not cold-resistant. Its yield in greenhouse conditions is high – 8 kg and more fruits per square meter.
The height of a plant cultivated in open ground is less than in a greenhouse – about 35 cm. But this does not affect the yield of a tomato. In the middle lane, the variety can be grown in open ground, provided that the plants are covered in cold weather. Tomato Early 83 is highly resistant to common diseases: tobacco mosaic, decay, phomosis.
Pros and cons of the variety
Among the advantages of tomato Early 83:
- early friendly maturation with brushes;
- high yield when grown in open and closed ground;
- excellent taste;
- beautiful presentation of fruits;
- no tendency to crack;
- unpretentious care;
- good keeping quality of tomatoes;
- the possibility of long-term transportation;
- high resistance to diseases and pests.
According to reviews, the variety Early 83 has no shortcomings. But they can appear in case of violation of agricultural cultivation techniques or extreme weather conditions.
Rules of landing and care
Caring for tomatoes is not difficult, but for a large harvest, you need to make an effort. Early 83 may well grow and produce a crop with periodic watering, protection from pests and weeds. For maximum yield, an integrated approach and knowledge of agricultural technology is required. The tomato does not like excessive moisture, does not tolerate drought, you can not overfeed it with fertilizers, especially nitrogen ones. Caring for the Early 83 variety includes a number of activities:
- timely watering;
- periodic top dressing;
- loosening of the soil;
- hilling the plant;
- tying to a support;
- weeding from weeds;
- treatment for pests and diseases.
Seeding for seedlings
To calculate the timing of sowing tomato seeds Early 83 for seedlings, one should be guided by the rule: sow in boxes or pots 50 days before the intended planting in the ground. To guarantee the purity of the variety, seedlings are best grown on their own. The first step will be soil preparation. Bought in a store – ready to use, it contains all the necessary substances for the growth and development of a tomato.
Self-preparation of the soil must be carried out in the fall. Mature leaf litter is best suited for growing seedlings. Before use, it is necessary to carry out disinfection by calcination, freezing, treatment with boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate.
Boxes, peat pots, tablets and any containers can serve as containers for sowing tomato Early 83. Pots are treated with hot water. The tablets are ready for sowing and do not require disinfection.
Before sowing, the seeds must be prepared:
- sort by soaking in mild saline;
- disinfect in potassium permanganate;
- soak in a growth stimulator;
- carry out hardening;
- subjected to bubbling – oxygen enrichment.
The prepared seeds are spread on the prepared, moistened, slightly compacted soil with the help of tweezers in rows according to the 2×3 scheme. Then they are slightly pressed into the ground and sprinkled with soil (no more than 1 cm). Place containers with future tomatoes in a warm (24⁰С) place without drafts.
The soil must be watered periodically by spraying. After the seedlings reach a height of 5 – 7 cm and the first “real” leaf appears, the seedlings of the Early 83 tomato should be dived:
- remove weak shoots;
- discard diseased plants;
- plant the best seedlings one at a time.
Seedling transplant
Young tomatoes are transplanted into the open ground after 70 days, into the greenhouse – 50 days after sowing. Before this, it is worth hardening it, for which, two weeks before planting, it is necessary to take out boxes with seedlings to fresh air. In the first days, seedlings should be 30 minutes. outdoors. Then, gradually increasing the time, bring it to full daylight hours.
Before transplanting, it is worth adding nitrogen, phosphorus and organic fertilizers to the soil. Comfortable soil temperature for a tomato is + 10⁰С, air – + 25⁰С. At low temperatures, fungal diseases develop.
For planting in the soil, holes are made corresponding to the size of the root system at a distance of 35 cm from each other, they are shed with a solution of a root growth stimulator (2 – 3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) with a temperature of 35 ° C. The tomato is laid on its side, with the crown to the north. This method allows you to increase the volume of the root system due to additional roots. After two days, the seedlings will rise. The soil should reach the bottom leaves. For 1 sq. m place up to 6 plants.
Care of tomatoes
In the first days after planting in a greenhouse or open ground, young seedlings must be protected from direct sunlight by shading it with a nylon net or other improvised material. Early 83, like the bulk of other tomato varieties, requires abundant irrigation three times a week. It is worth watering the plants in the morning or evening with warm, settled water. On average, 700 ml is used for irrigation under each plant. It is necessary to ensure that water does not fall on the leaves and stem of the tomato. As soon as the plants reach a height of 35 – 40 cm, they need to be tied up. To do this, pull a common wire or install a separate support for each plant. It is important to ensure that a crust does not form around the bush on the soil. For this purpose, weed removal, hilling and mulching are carried out. Sawdust, hay, humus, grass, dry leaves are used as mulch.
Since the tomato variety Early 83 is determinant and early, you can stepchild to the first brush or do without this operation. But it is worth considering that in this case the fruits will be somewhat smaller.
The first feeding is carried out one and a half weeks after disembarkation. For this purpose, chicken manure diluted in a ratio of 1:20 is used. Twice a season it is worth feeding the plants with microelements.
Despite the disease resistance of the Early 83 variety, a violation of agricultural technology can lead to infection with blossom end rot, late blight, septoria and other diseases. For treatment and prevention, folk remedies and texicides are used.
Conclusion
Despite the fact that gardeners have been using the Early 35 tomato for 83 years, its popularity has not fallen. The variety appreciates the compactness of the bush, early ripeness and taste of fruits, unpretentiousness in cultivation and versatility of use.
Reviews about tomato Early 83
