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Sea buckthorn buckthorn is a berry shrub that is formed in the form of a tree with a spreading crown or shrub. Before planting, it is worth figuring out how to properly care for it in order to get a good harvest of healing berries.
Description of berry culture
Sea buckthorn buckthorn is characterized by the presence of many trunks, which become woody over time, and the bush becomes like a multi-stemmed tree.
General view of the view
Sea buckthorn buckthorn is a tall, spreading shrub. Branches eventually become tree trunks.
Sea buckthorn leaves are lanceolate, long. The green color is muted by the hairs and makes the leaf silvery. Blooms with small flowers. Female flowers cover small twigs, male flowers are collected in spikelets.
Skeletal branches of the 1st-3rd order are located at a depth of 40 cm, roots form on them. They give a lot of offspring, which serve to obtain seedlings.
Berries
The berries are a false drupe. The color is yellow, orange or red. The fruits of sea buckthorn exude a light aroma of pineapple. Ripe berries are bitter, frozen become sweet and sour.
Characterization
The characteristic of sea buckthorn buckthorn determines the yield, frost resistance, drought resistance of the crop. It is available for cultivation in various regions.
Main advantages
The plant is unpretentious. It tolerates drought and frost well. In areas with a high layer of snow, root decay is possible.
The soil for crop growth should be loose and breathable, closely spaced groundwater is excluded. Low-lying areas will not work. Sea buckthorn requires a place for the distribution of roots, it is planted at a sufficient distance from other plants.
The berries have a dense skin, which allows them to be transported without loss. They withstand long-term storage without deteriorating quality.
Sea buckthorn Orange energy is very beautiful. A variety of late ripening, bears fruit with orange-red berries.
Flowering period and ripening period
Sea buckthorn blooms in late April – early May. Lasts 6-12 days. The flowers are small, inconspicuous, but their abundance on the tree creates a lush cloud.
Sea buckthorn berries ripen in autumn – September, October, depending on the variety. For example, sea buckthorn buckthorn Leucora begins to ripen in August.
Yield indicators, fruiting terms
Usually a varietal crop produces 12-14 kg of berries from a bush. The fruit bush reaches its highest yield by the age of 4-5 years. In the future, yields are reduced.
Scope of berries
Sea buckthorn berries are used to make jam and various foods. Its main use is the manufacture of medicines. Useful sea buckthorn oil. It has a strong disinfectant and healing effect.
Disease and pest resistance
An adult plant rarely gets sick. For prevention, bushes in the spring before fruiting and in the fall after its completion are treated with a 1% composition of Bordeaux mixture.
Advantages and disadvantages of the type
The advantages include the following properties:
- Unpretentiousness.
- Frost resistance
- Easy reproduction.
- Resistance to major diseases of fruit bushes.
- Medicinal and taste properties.
- Good transportability.
The disadvantages can be considered the mandatory presence of a pollinator, the complexity of picking berries and thorny branches. For pollination, you can plant one bush of the male variety of sea buckthorn Khikul. The last drawback can be eliminated by purchasing non-thorny varieties of sea buckthorn.
Rules of landing
In order for the plant to get good development and give a bountiful harvest, you need to plant it correctly.
Recommended dates
It is correct to plant sea buckthorn in the spring in April or early May. The seedling must be at rest. Autumn planting does not give a positive result.
Choosing the right place
Culture requires a well-lit area. Tall plants should not be nearby. Around the seedlings you need to leave free space.
Soil Preparation
Sea buckthorn does not like clay and marshy soils, and acidic soil is not suitable for it. The soil for planting requires loose and good drainage. Sand is added to heavy soil, then it is dug up.
Selection and preparation of seedlings
The best material for planting will be one-year-old seedlings about 40 cm high. What you need to pay attention to when buying seedlings:
- The plant should have 2-4 skeletal roots 15-20 cm long.
- Smooth trunk 40 cm with developed side shoots.
- The bark should be smooth and elastic, not exfoliate.
Before planting, the seedlings are kept for several hours in the Kornevin solution, allowing them to soak up the liquid.
Pollination of sea buckthorn occurs only in the presence of a male plant. One male is enough for 3-4 female bushes.
Algorithm and landing scheme
Pits 50 x 50 x 60 cm are made on the site. Fertile soil is added and superphosphate and potassium are added, fertilizers are mixed with the soil. Their number depends on the fertility of the soil. The distance between the pits should be from one and a half to two meters.
A seedling is placed in the pit, straightening the roots. It is watered and covered with soil. The root neck is covered with a layer of earth of 5-7 cm. This contributes to the formation of new roots.
To understand the intricacies of growing sea buckthorn buckthorn, you can watch a video on how to properly plant it.
Culture aftercare
The fact that sea buckthorn is an unpretentious culture does not preclude caring for it.
Necessary activities
Watering young plantings of sea buckthorn. In the future, the tree requires watering in dry weather in summer and autumn. The near-trunk circles of sea buckthorn are tinned, mowing the grass as it grows. The resulting root growth is removed.
Bushes well fertilized during planting are not fed for the first years. A fruiting plant needs phosphorus and potassium. For 10 liters of water add 1 tbsp. a spoonful of potassium and 2 tbsp. spoons of double superphosphate. Pour well 2 tsp. “Uniflor-micro”. Such a cocktail is poured under each tree, one bucket.
shrub pruning
Sanitary pruning is carried out in early spring. Remove dry, broken, diseased branches. Cut thickening crown shoots. In the middle of summer, branches are cut out that have not grown.
At the age of 5 years, activities are carried out to rejuvenate the tree. In autumn, old branches are cut at the base, which give a low yield. One branch is cut per year.
The main pruning of sea buckthorn is carried out when it is formed in the form of a bush or tree. To obtain a bush, shoots from the shoots are allowed to develop. Their number is brought to 8, and then 3-4 of the strongest are left.
The formation of a tree from sea buckthorn is a complex process. It lasts 3-4 years and is not always successful. It is better to form male species with a tree, and grow female ones with a bush.
Preparation for winter
In preparation for winter, water-charging watering of the bush is done in case of dry autumn. Winter sea buckthorn does not require shelter. Mulch only the roots of young seedlings.
In the photo you can see what sea buckthorn Frugana looks like.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
The most characteristic diseases for sea buckthorn are presented in the table.
Sea buckthorn diseases | Characterization | Control measures |
Endomycosis | Shriveled berries appear, as if baked in the sun. Gradually, the whole tree becomes infected. The spores of the fungus remain in the dry berry | Treatment with Bordeaux liquid in spring and autumn, the use of antibiotics. The first diseased berries must be removed |
destroyed | Ulcers and spots appear on the leaves, bark, and then on the fruits. Gradually the tree dries up | Collection and burning of diseased branches. Treatment of the bush with a 3% solution of “Nitrofen” |
Fusarium wilt
| Leaves, young shoots are affected, berries fall. Leaves wither and fall | Prevention – thinning and sanitary pruning of bushes, maintaining a distance when planting. Sick parts of the plant are cut and burned. |
Sea buckthorn pests | Characterization | Control measures |
aphid | The tips of the shoots and leaves are twisted, inside them a continuous layer of small insects is visible. Damage the leaves | Destroy ants that spread the pest through plants. Treat the plant with “Fitoverm” or a solution of ammonia |
spider mite | Damages buds and buds. Cobwebs appear on the leaves. The tick itself is very small and invisible. | Treatment with “Fitoverm” or insecticides such as “Aktara”, “Healthy Garden” |
Conclusion
Sea buckthorn is the most common type of this crop in Our Country. Many modern varieties have been created that can be grown in all regions of the country and get a decent harvest. It is imperative to plant this useful and medicinal plant in your area.
Reviews
Reviews about sea buckthorn buckthorn are mostly positive.