Contents
Sea buckthorn Jam will be a real find for those who decide to plant a high-yielding and reliable crop variety. Reviews about sea buckthorn Jamovaya are extremely positive, problems with its cultivation arise only in isolated cases.
History of breeding
The Dzhemovaya variety was bred in the Altai Territory, the originator is the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia named after M.A. Lisavenko. This variety was obtained by Siberian breeders as a result of free pollination of the sea buckthorn Superior. Since 2001, the Dzhemovaya variety has been undergoing state variety testing, and since 2015 it has been included in the State Register.
Description of berry culture
For clarity, below are the most important information about the variety of sea buckthorn Jemovaya with a photo.
General idea of the variety
Jam bushes grow no more than 2,5 m, and erect shoots do not have thorns – all this contributes to a quick and safe harvest. Dark green leaf plates are medium in size and slightly concave in the middle. The rounded crown of the bush is characterized by medium density.
Berries
The Jamovaya variety is valued primarily for the excellent taste characteristics of the fruit – sweet and sour berries received a tasting score of 4,4 points out of 5 possible. The variety belongs to large-fruited sea buckthorn: the weight of the berry is 0,8-0,9 g. The shape is oval, elongated. Due to the bright orange-red color of the berries, Jam looks very decorative during fruiting.
Characterization
The description of sea buckthorn Jamovaya is presented by detailed varietal characteristics given below.
Main advantages
Jam is distinguished by high rates of drought resistance and frost resistance (up to -35 0With her shoots do not freeze slightly). Like most other varieties of sea buckthorn, it is unpretentious in care – with proper planting and minimal care, it gives consistently high yields. When preparing a seat for Jemova on the site, the type of soil should be taken into account – the variety grows well on any soil, except for heavy and acidic ones.
Flowering period and ripening period
Female sea buckthorn Jam trees bloom in early to mid-May, giving yellowish flowers without fragrance. The ripening time of the variety is medium, so the fruits can be harvested already in early autumn. Since climatic conditions are not the same in different regions of the country, these dates can be considered conditional.
Yield indicators, fruiting terms
The variety of sea buckthorn Jamovaya is considered very productive and gives about 12 kg of fruit from one bush. After planting, the sea buckthorn bush bears fruit in the 4th year.
Scope of berries
Dessert taste characteristics of sea buckthorn berries of the Jamovaya variety allow them to be widely used in processing and preparing preparations for the winter: juices, jams. The fruits are suitable for freezing.
Disease and pest resistance
The variety has good resistance to possible diseases and pests, with the exception of the sea buckthorn fly – this insect infects Jam bushes most often.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The Jamovaya variety has a lot of positive characteristics, thanks to which it has gained great popularity among summer residents. Among them are:
- short stature of the shrub;
- lack of spikes;
- excellent frost resistance;
- large-fruited;
- sufficient stem length;
- dessert taste characteristics of berries.
This sea buckthorn has several significant drawbacks, for example, semi-dry detachment of berries and frequent susceptibility to sea buckthorn flies.
Rules of landing
In order for the Jamovaya sea buckthorn bush to take root, it is necessary to properly plant it in a permanent place.
Recommended dates
Planting a Jam bush depends on the presence of an earthy clod on the roots: if it is absent, then sea buckthorn is planted in early spring, as soon as the ground thaws, in late March – early April. Seedlings with a closed root system are suitable for autumn planting, then planting takes place at least a month before the onset of stable frosts.
Choosing the right place
When choosing a landing site for Jamova, several important requirements must be taken into account:
- Placing sea buckthorn on the site involves planting two seedlings – male and female specimens.
- The sea buckthorn bush bears fruit well only in sunny, well-lit areas, so there should be no shading (you should not plant sea buckthorn next to tall crops).
- The root system of sea buckthorn is powerful and sprawling, therefore, near groundwater, it can freeze slightly due to temperature changes. Also, due to the characteristics of the root system, Jam should be planted separately, the proximity to any crops is undesirable.
- In order for pollination to take place qualitatively and pollen to fall on the pistils of a female plant, when planting a male specimen, the direction of the wind is taken into account.
Soil Preparation
To plant a young annual Jemova bush, it is enough to dig a hole 50 × 50 cm and fill it with a nutrient mixture. Drainage is placed at the bottom, for example, river sand, a bucket of organic matter (compost, humus), mineral fertilizers, for example, 200 g of superphosphate, are poured on top, and sprinkled with the top loose layer of soil until a flat surface is formed.
Selection and preparation of seedlings
Plants that do not show signs of diseases and pests take root well, so it is important to inspect the bushes in detail before planting. If it is possible to assess the state of the root system, then you should pay attention to its development – the seedling should have 4-6 skeletal roots. The optimal height of the aerial part is about 20 cm.
Algorithm and landing scheme
The optimal planting pattern for sea buckthorn is 3 × 2,5 m, but the distance can be increased. Seedlings are placed in the prepared holes, straightening the roots (with an open root system). Grafted sea buckthorns are recommended to be planted on a small mound so that when watering, the grafting site does not end up in the ground. Own-rooted sea buckthorn can be deepened – they will make additional roots.
Culture aftercare
Growing sea buckthorn Jamovaya does not cause difficulties even for novice gardeners.
Necessary activities
Sea buckthorn care includes the operations below:
- Watering. After planting the Jemova seedling, they monitor the soil moisture and water it so that it does not dry out. After the bush adapts to new conditions and takes root, watering is reduced and not carried out at all, except for especially hot days.
- Top dressing. Jam is undemanding to soil fertility. In the first year of planting, it can generally not be fed if the bush was planted in fertilized soil. Already fruiting adult specimens need to be fertilized – in the spring they are fed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers, and in summer and autumn – with phosphorus-potassium ones.
- Trunk circle processing: weeding and loosening. To limit the growth of weeds, prevent the formation of a dry crust on the surface and retain moisture in the soil, it is recommended to mulch the near-stem circle of the bush.
shrub pruning
The Jemova bush is characterized by weak growth and a not too dense crown, therefore it does not need to be formed. Pruning sea buckthorn is undesirable, as the culture does not tolerate it well. Autumn sanitary pruning of the bush on the ring is recommended – removal of diseased and dead branches in order to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Preparation for winter
Since the Jamovaya variety is characterized by high winter hardiness, it is not necessary to cover the bush in the adult state for the winter. In the first year of planting, it is advisable to mulch the near-stem circle so that the root system does not freeze. Autumn activities include the introduction of fertilizers containing potassium and phosphorus into the soil.
Diseases and pests
For clarity, possible diseases and pests of sea buckthorn varieties Dzhemovaya are collected in tables indicating prevention and treatment measures.
Table 1 – Pests
| Pest | preventive measures | Control measures |
| sea buckthorn fly | Mulching the near-stem circle of a bush with a layer of 15 cm makes it difficult for the pest to fly out of the soil in spring | Chemicals: Intavir, Iskra, Fitoverm. Folk remedies: digging the soil in late autumn, processing with infusion of tansy |
| sea buckthorn moth | Spring spraying at bud break with a solution of biological preparations (“Entobacterin”, etc.) | Treatment with chlorophos (0,4%) during bud break, metaphos (0,3%) during budding |
| Sea buckthorn aphid, gall mite | Timely removal of weeds and plant residues | Chemical preparations: “Intavir”, “Kleshchevit”. Folk remedies: repellent infusions of tobacco, onion peel or garlic, potato and tomato tops |
Table 2 – Common diseases
Disease | Symptoms of the disease | Control measures |
Fusarium wilt | Blisters, reddenings form on the bark of the shoots, the leaves turn yellow and wither, the fruits turn into a varietal shade, but do not pour | Carrying out sanitary pruning to ensure the air permeability of the bush, followed by the destruction of the cut shoots (burning). |
destroyed | Black ulcers and spots on the bark and leaves of mainly young branches, as well as fruits | At the end of the season, the affected parts of the bush are pruned, and in the spring they are treated with Bordeaux liquid of 1% concentration. |
Endomycosis | The fruits are covered with light spots and burst, while a slimy grayish pulp flows out of the berry shell. | Timely removal of affected fruits along with the branch. After flowering and during the pouring of fruits, spraying with Bordeaux liquid of 1% concentration is carried out. |
Diseases and pests most often affect weakened plants, the basic requirements for the care of which are not met. In order for the Jamovaya sea buckthorn bushes to remain healthy and fruit successfully, special attention must be paid to top dressing, pruning, weeding and loosening.
Conclusion
Sea buckthorn Jamovaya is appreciated by gardeners and has become widespread in the country, since not every crop variety is able to combine so many advantages.
For a more detailed acquaintance with the cultivation of sea buckthorn, you can watch the video:
Reviews
Summer residents who have tested the cultivation of bushes on their own experience leave the following reviews on the Internet about the variety of sea buckthorn Jamovaya.