Therapeutic Diet №1

Among the problems that arise with the stomach, the first place is occupied by gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, which are socially significant diseases. These ailments affect both children and adults. According to statistics, 14% of the total population in the world suffers from them. There are many factors that influence the development of these pathologies, but the main one is lifestyle. Improper nutrition, stress, bad habits – all this turns out to be a trigger in the occurrence of gastritis and ulcers. Since it is precisely this way of life that is observed among urban residents, the prevalence of these pathologies is growing among the population of megacities. Modern man’s life is fast, rich, dense. Healthy eating is not part of the job. They include: calls, meetings, purchases and sales, services and offers, demands and excuses. This is good because we are developing. This is bad because we are sacrificing our health.

Treatment of gastritis and ulcers is extremely important, because long-term untreated gastritis turns into an ulcer, which, also, if not properly treated, can degenerate into a tumor. The Soviet gastroenterologist, Professor Manuil Pevzner, formed a whole system of necessary diets for therapeutic nutrition. Let’s take a look at the first one in this series right now.

What is

Patients with ulcers and gastritis with high acidity, both during the period of exacerbation and remission of the symptoms of the disease, are prescribed diet No. 1. No amateur performance! The diet should be prescribed only by a gastroenterologist. This therapeutic gastronomic program is divided into several options: 1, 1a, 1b. Each of them is assigned depending on the state of the disease and is called the “table”.

As a rule, one treatment program smoothly transitions into another. If the patient has undergone surgery, the number one diet is preceded by the Surgical Zero Nutrition System. Table No. 1 is prescribed for inflammatory processes of the stomach and duodenum.

The first diet lasts from 6 months to a year after the exacerbation of the disease. The purpose of the diet is to normalize acidity, eliminate and reduce inflammation, heal ulcers, erosions, and stabilize the secretory function of the stomach. Recovery occurs due to diet therapy, aimed at maximum sparing of the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.

Types of maintenance

Chemical – excludes dishes and foods that increase secretion, are hard and long to digest, require high costs from the internal organs. Under the ban is: spicy, highly salty and sour, canned, fatty, smoked, fried, spicy. That is, everything that is too bright for taste. This does not mean that for the next six months you will have to eat bland and tasteless food. The diet is balanced, except for exceptions, it contains a lot of allowed products.

The daily caloric value should be at least 2800 kcal, but gaining more than 3000 kcal is not recommended. No fasting is provided, food should be enough. Therapeutic meals will be boiled, steamed, baked. You must also comply with the drinking regimen, it is advised to drink a glass of milk at night.

Table number XXUMX – nutritional program balanced by chemical composition. In the diet of each day will be present:

• protein – up to 100 g, including animals;
• carbohydrates – 400-420 g;
• fats – 100 g, including animal and vegetable.

Mechanical sparing excludes large-sized food. In a patient, such food enhances the motility of the digestive tract, which provokes nausea, vomiting, heartburn and similar unpleasant symptoms. Diet number one provides for soft foods: pureed, mashed, finely chopped. If the dish is baked, it should be without a crust. Boiled lean meat and fish can be eaten without being crushed, serving as a whole piece. Food should be taken often and in moderation. In addition, foods with a high fiber content are limited: radishes, turnips, mushrooms, cabbage (except cauliflower), legumes, etc. We will consider a complete list of prohibited and permitted foods for table No. 1 below.

Thermal – involves eating food at the optimum temperature. The optimal food temperature when prescribing diet No. 1 should not be lower than 15 degrees and not higher than 60 degrees. If the food irritates the mucous membrane of the mouth, it is not suitable: it must be heated or cooled. Everything should be warm: appetizers and salads, soups and mains. Such a treatment program, with some correction, is sometimes prescribed for patients with pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus with concomitant problems in the gastrointestinal tract.

So, on the Pevzner’s No. XXNX diet you need to eat your fill, measured, use only prescribed products for dietary meals. For clarity, consider the products for the table №1 and a rough menu for the week.

Medicinal Diet Products

The main criteria for choosing dishes will be: low content of fiber and animal fat, a minimum of salt and substances that irritate the gastric mucosa. Consider the table to better navigate the right products.

Dishes can be cooked in unsalted butter or refined vegetable oil. All other types of oils (linseed, sesame, etc.) are not recommended. The first can be prepared from secondary meat broths or from vegetable broths. Mashed soups are great. They are allowed to add well-boiled cereals (hercules, rice) or vermicelli. Forbidden: thick borscht, rich soups, okroshka, sour cabbage soup, mushroom broths.

At first, the most difficult thing is to accustom yourself to a new diet. Dishes without the usual flavors and seasonings seem insipid. Instead of spices, you can add a little finely chopped dill or parsley, bay leaf. Desserts are no problem at all. However, sweets should also be useful, i.e. natural, with a minimum margarine content. As a dessert, which, by the way, should be consumed after the main meal, jelly, jam (not sour), dry pastries, marshmallows, baked fruits are perfect.

To avoid temptations, it’s best not to buy illegal foods at all. Of course, it is not always possible to agree with the household about a family therapeutic diet. In this case, you can only buy permitted products: if the sausage is boiled, if the bread is first-ground, if the meat is non-greasy, etc.

Recipes for diet №1

Recipes for the table №1 with ulcer and gastritis at first can be easily found on the Internet. It is best to look for them on thematic forums or groups, blogs. There, people with a similar problem share recipes, reviews and recommendations.

Diet pate

This paste is suitable for diseases of the ulcer, gastritis, and pancreatitis.

For cooking you need to cook:

• Xnumx of beef;
• 2 pcs potatoes;
• 1 medium carrots.

All ingredients should be minced. Stir in half a glass of milk and stew on slow fire (3 min) in the ready stuffing. The finished dish can be slightly salted.

Diet baked cutlets

For cooking you will need:

• 2 tablespoons of cottage cheese (fat content up to 9%);
• 1 egg;
• Xnumx of beef;
• butter.

The meat needs to be boiled and cooled (it should be without tendons and fascia). Beef and cottage cheese should be minced twice. Beat the egg, leave a small portion for lubrication, pour the rest into the stuffing. Add oil there and mix well. Arrange the formed cutlets on a baking sheet and grease them with an egg, bake them in the oven until cooked. If you cook steamed cutlets, they are suitable for the 1 table.

Meringue

Universal dessert suitable for all family members. It is easy to cook, it looks beautiful and, importantly, it is very tasty.

To cook meringue, you will need:

• 3 protein;
• half a cup of sugar or powdered sugar.

Squirrels need to be carefully separated from the yolks. It is important that the dishes are completely dry (without a drop of fat). Place the protein mass in a bowl, then place this dish in a larger bowl with warm water. From heated proteins, the mass will turn out to be more dense and filled with air. Beat with a mixer at low speeds. When the proteins become cloudy, you can add sugar or powder (half a teaspoon each) and increase the speed of the mixer. When the mass is completely dense, you can begin to dry.

If there is no pastry bag, you can use a spoon or a simple bag, cutting off the edge from it. Grease a baking sheet or cover with baking paper. Place the meringues in the oven, set the temperature from 60 to 100 degrees and leave to dry for 60 minutes. After that, turn off the oven and do not get the dessert until it cools completely. Meringues can be used as a layer for a cake, as a decoration or as an independent dessert.

Diet menu №1

Consider a sample menu for the week, so that later it would be easier to navigate in your food program. Weekly diet is better to make in advance. So it will be possible to buy groceries for the future and plan the day taking into account the preparation of therapeutic dishes. It’s easy to make adjustments to the indicative list, the main thing is not to go beyond the rules of the diet.

Breakfasts:

• meat paste with whole grain baguette, baked apple, tea;
• sandwich with cheese, semolina porridge liquid, tea;
• steam omelet, bread, tea with milk;
• oatmeal in milk with pears, green tea.

Lunches:

• baked fruit with honey or powdered sugar;
• marshmallows with tea;
• pudding, souffle;
• compote with dry biscuits or dryers.

Dinners:

• vegetable soup, boiled buckwheat with chicken fillet, carrot salad;
• broccoli, chicken and potato puree soup, banana with cottage cheese;
• soup without meat, pasta with steamed meatballs, bread;
• vegetable first courses, mashed potatoes with boiled meat.

Tea time:

• sandwich with boiled sausage and hard cheese, tea;
• cottage cheese with pear or peach;
• meringue with tea and milk;
• baked apples.

Dinners:

• permitted cereals with steam cutlets, milk;
• mashed potatoes with chicken meat, bread;
• baked noodle, milk;
• steamed vegetables, boiled meat;
• rice and steamed patties.

Before going to bed, it is recommended to drink a glass of natural yogurt without additives or warm milk.

1 table

Most often, this variant of the therapeutic diet precedes number one. The rules and essence are the same as in the previous version. Diet 1a is prescribed in the first week of treatment for an exacerbation of peptic ulcer, as well as for gastritis during an exacerbation. The menu here is more truncated, but usually does not last long. The considered recipe for cutlets is also suitable for table No. 1a.

Food should only be warm. The daily calories in the 1 diet should average 2000 kcal. You also need to follow the drinking regime. For a quick recovery, it is important not to deviate from the rules of the diet and eat in small portions, on 5-6 once a day.

Sample menu for the 1 table

Breakfast: poached eggs (with liquid yolk), tea with milk.

Lunch: carrot jelly, a glass of warm milk.

Lunch: light barley broth without meat, steam cutlets with buckwheat porridge garnish.

Lunch: pudding from fruit, a glass of milk.

Dinner: grated rice porridge, meatballs from lean fish or meat.

Bedtime: warm milk.

When composing the menu, it is worth abandoning: flour products, fruits (in raw form), sour cream and cheese, vegetables in any form, cottage cheese in its usual form, spices and sauces, plus everything that is prohibited in No. 1. In general, the list of products is the same as the 1 table, but more limited.

It is allowed to eat soft, mushy food without flavorings. As a heat treatment, you can use only boiling or steaming. Throughout the program, the patient observes bed rest.

When the state of health and the patient’s condition improves, the doctor prescribes another diet: No. 1 or No. XXUMXб.

Table 1b

The rules of the diet are characteristic of the previous options: split meals, warm food, pureed and soft dishes, a minimum of salt. The 1b diet is prescribed after exacerbations, in the period of attenuation of complications of gastritis and gastric and duodenal ulcers. The patient in the period of compliance with the table 1b shows a half-bed mode.

The list of products that should not be consumed is the same as in No. XXUMX with additional restrictions. Sour milk drinks are completely excluded. You can eat dry bread, but a little (up to 1 gr). Any boiled meat should be well chopped or rubbed, it is recommended 100 to grind it once. Prohibited in its natural form are fruits and vegetables. You can cook them, make jellies, souffles mousses, compotes. Also exclude coffee, soda and cocoa.

For breakfast, you can cook semolina porridge or oatmeal on the water, steam omelettes, you can add vegetables to them. Baked fruit (allowed), soufflé, warm milk, tea with milk are suitable for afternoon snacks and lunch. For lunch, there must be liquid food: mashed rice or pearl barley soups, light vegetable broths. Pureed cereals, steamed meat and vegetables, mashed potatoes are suitable for dinner. A few hours before bedtime, you should drink 250-300 ml of warm milk. Thermal sparing (15-65 degrees) and the frequency of meals should also be observed. After improving the patient’s well-being, they are transferred to diet No. 1.

In conclusion

It is better to prevent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract than to treat them later and hard and for a long time. To minimize the likelihood of these diseases, you need to eat fractionally, be sure to eat liquid food, minimize the consumption of fast food, fried foods and convenience foods. For those who have a busy work schedule, instead of a street eatery, it is better to run into a regular supermarket. There you will find more useful things: yoghurts, kefir, fruits, pastries of our own production. It is also important to use less (it is better to give up altogether) tobacco and alcohol. You should not overeat and do not eat too small portions. According to doctors, the optimal meal should fit in two palms.

If there are pains in the stomach, heartburn, belching, nausea, constant feeling of hunger or lack of appetite, you should immediately be examined by a gastroenterologist.