The most common childhood diseases

Flu and colds are infectious viral infections. In the case of flu, symptoms come on suddenly. The child becomes cranky, drowsy, experiences pain in the muscles, head and throat. Nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are also common. The flu is most often accompanied by a high fever, even above 39 degrees C. Cold is milder. There is a runny nose, stuffy nose, dry cough, scratchy throat, fever, headache. In both cases, untreated infections may result in serious complications.

It is an infectious disease caused by bacteria (most often streptococci). The child complains of a severe sore throat which makes it difficult to swallow, radiating into the ear. The palatine tonsils are enlarged, often with purulent raids. The submandibular and cervical lymph nodes may also be enlarged. Angina is accompanied by high fever, reaching even 40 degrees Celsius. Abdominal pain and vomiting as well as muscle and joint pain may occur. Angina is treated with antibiotics.

It is caused by bacteria called pneumococcus or pneumoniae. Children under two years of age are most exposed to these bacteria. Pneumococci are the cause of bacterial respiratory infections. They can cause sinusitis, pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis and sepsis.

Measles is another infectious, viral disease in childhood. The infection occurs via droplets. In the initial period, there is high fever, pharyngitis, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis and photophobia. Then white spots with red rims appear on the cheek mucosa. Fourteen days after infection, a blotchy rash appears on the face and neck that gradually spreads to the trunk and limbs. Treatment of measles involves treating symptoms and keeping you hydrated.

Rubella is an infectious disease caused by viruses. The most vulnerable to infection are children from five to nine years of age (if they have not been vaccinated before). As a result of an infection, small red spots appear on the skin and they fuse over time. An itchy pale pink rash may also appear. The disease is accompanied by fever and enlargement of the lymph nodes. Rubella can also be asymptomatic. Its treatment is to relieve symptoms.

The common parotitis is caused by the mumps virus and mainly affects school-age children. Half of the disease is manifested by enlargement of the parotid glands and their pain. There is also a fever, headaches and muscle aches. Mumps can also be asymptomatic. The infection occurs through droplets or through contact with the saliva of an infected person.

This is another infectious childhood disease. Infection can occur through droplets or through direct contact with an infected person. Initially, there is a fever, even up to 40 degrees Celsius, headache and malaise. Then red spots appear on the body, turning into a lump with a vesicle, and then into a pustule and scab. The rash may vary in severity. The largest is on the torso, the smaller on the face and limbs.

It is an infectious disease, also known as glandular fever. It can concern both young children and children in adolescence. When infected with mononucleosis, headache, apathy, loss of appetite, and weakness appear at first. Then there is a fever that can last up to a month or more. Lymph nodes are growing, mainly in the neck. The spleen and liver are also enlarged. Swelling of the eyelids is characteristic of mononucleosis. Treat the disease symptomatically with painkillers and antipyretics.

Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in children under the age of five. The viruses spread through the ingestion or droplets and attack the red blood cells in the small intestine, causing gastrointestinal infection. With rotavirus infection, there is watery diarrhea lasting four to eight days, vomiting and fever. As a result of vomiting and diarrhea, the body may become dehydrated. In severe cases, intravenous fluids and electrolytes are required