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Varieties of sweet pepper differ among themselves not only in shape, color, taste of fruits, but also in terms of ripening. For cultivation in the middle lane and in the Moscow region, preference is given to early ripe varieties of bell pepper. In an unfavorable climate, the earliest varieties of pepper for the Moscow region are best suited.
Early ripe varieties and hybrids are called, which begin to bear fruit in less than 120 days after transplanting seedlings into a greenhouse. “Skorospelki” is recommended to be planted in a greenhouse. It provides plants with optimal and comfortable conditions for growth and fruiting – heat, humidity, light. The yield of early-ripening greenhouse varieties decreases when planted in open ground. At the very time when seedlings of early pepper are ready for planting (April-May), the weather near Moscow does not indulge in warm sunny days. Plants need light and warmth. Therefore, for early-ripening varieties of pepper, greenhouse cultivation or temporary film shelters are recommended.
Planting dates for early varieties of pepper in the Moscow region
Early ripe varieties and hybrids are planted in a greenhouse in late April or early May. Simple arithmetic and basic knowledge will help calculate the timing of sowing seeds for seedlings.
We subtract exactly two months from the proposed landing date. It turns out that in the middle or end of February, one-day sprouts should already be in the seedling box.
Germination of sweet pepper seeds can occur within 10-14 days. This means that two weeks must be subtracted from the date when shoots are supposed to appear. By simple calculations, we obtain the approximate date of sowing seeds for seedlings. Therefore, seeds can be sown in mid or late February. Subject to the correct technology for growing seedlings, transplanting into a greenhouse and caring for an adult plant, in early June it is already possible to taste the first fruits. This is covered in more detail in this video:
The best varieties of early pepper for the Moscow region
There are no fundamental differences between early ripe varieties of pepper. They have almost the same sowing, planting and fruiting dates. The choice of an early variety depends entirely on personal preferences. All varieties are different in taste, shape, size and color of fruits. Some of them are well suited for canning, others look beautiful in the form of a fresh salad.
Small round fruits of Gogoshara look spectacular in jars as a whole. The elongated fleshy cones of the Tusk variety are very tasty when fried in oil. Fruits in the stage of technical ripening, when they are still painted in a pale green color, will give a special flavor to the first summer salad. Bright yellow and orange peppers of the Orange Miracle will make any dish appetizing and beautiful. There are a huge number of versatile varieties of thick-walled peppers, the fruits of which are great for any kind of home cooking.
Bagration
The variety is adapted for growing in greenhouses near Moscow. The bush is medium in height (about 80 cm), with sparse leaves. The fruits are similar in appearance to tomatoes, only bright yellow in color. Grow up to 7-8 cm in diameter. 10-12 fruits are harvested from one bush for one harvest, each of which weighs about 150 g. During the season, the crop is harvested 3 (less often – 4-5) times with an interval of 15-20 days. The plant is resistant to pepper diseases such as leaf mosaic, top rot, wilting.
Sweetheart
The bush is tall (up to 150 cm in height), straight. Flowers and ovaries grow upwards. The plant needs the formation of a bush and a garter. The location of the fruit on the stem simplifies the care of the plant. Pepper tolerates a lack of light well, but requires constant moisture in the soil. The heart-shaped fruits of the Zaznayka pepper gain up to 200 g of weight. Although, at first glance, their size (7-8 cm in diameter) does not give the impression of a “heavyweight”. But they have thick (7-8 mm) walls and dense pulp. Pepper Zaznayka, thanks to its compact form, can be preserved as a whole. Also, they do not lose their presentation during transportation and are well stored.
Smile
Plant height – from 80 to 100 cm. Fruits are in the form of a cone with a rounded tip, in technical ripeness – green. By the time of full ripening, the color of the fruit changes to orange-red. The pulp is juicy and thick (7-8 mm). The size of the fruit depends on watering – in greenhouse conditions with regular moisture, peppers can be grown, each of which will weigh 200-250 g. 14-16 fruits are removed from each bush per season. The recommended planting density is 5-6 plants per 1 sq. m.
Czardas
A low (up to 70 cm) compact bush with a rounded crown, yellow, orange and red fruits is adapted for growing in greenhouses near Moscow. The fruits are arranged in a hanging bouquet. Quite large – up to 16 cm in height and 7-8 cm in diameter. At the same time, 15-16 pieces are formed on one bush, each of which weighs about 150 g.
While maintaining the desired temperature in the greenhouse and the level of moisture in the soil, the crop can be harvested until the end of October. It bears fruit well in open ground, subject to a planting density of no more than 5 bushes per 1 sq. m. In the greenhouse, the planting can be compacted up to 8-10 plants. Czardas pepper fruits are suitable for fresh consumption at any stage of ripening.
tomboy
This handsome variety has long been registered in greenhouses near Moscow and has become a favorite of local summer residents. A tomboy is loved for qualities such as:
- decorative;
- Friendly fruiting;
- Beautiful, large and tasty fruits;
- Unpretentiousness and resistance to common pepper diseases;
- Productivity.
For one collection, the plant can give a caring owner up to 20 yellowish and orange-red fruits. The fruits of the Tomboy pepper are even, in the form of a slightly flattened cone. The taste is excellent when used in any form.
Nathan
The Nafanya pepper bush grows throughout the growing season. Therefore pruning and shaping is recommended. A “launched” plant can reach a height of up to 140-160 m. During the period of technical ripeness, the fruits are bright green in color, by the time they are fully ripe, they change color to bright red. Fruits in the form of a trihedral cone with an elongated tip in the form of a proboscis. Fleshy and large – up to 12 cm in height and 8 cm in diameter. The yield of this variety is 1 – 1 kg per 5 sq. m per fee. It can bear fruit 1-3 times per season with an interval of 4-10 days.
Actor
The plant forms a bush up to 150 cm tall. Flowers, ovaries, shoots are arranged in the form of bouquets. Fruit hanging, in the form of an elongated cone. The plant is unpretentious, but needs a garter to the trellis due to abundant fruiting (up to 30 pcs per bush). From one bush you can collect fruits of bright orange and light green color. Delicious raw and canned. For 1 sq. m is recommended to plant no more than 5 bushes. Condensed planting can lead to reduced yields.
cabin boy
An undemanding and productive variety can be recognized by the unusual arrangement of fruits on the bush. During the fruiting period, Junga looks like a bouquet, with green, orange and red fruits sticking out in different directions – depending on the stage of ripeness. On a short one – no more than 60 cm, 14-16 peppers are formed at the same time. The total weight of fruits on one plant reaches 2-2.5 kg. The plant must be tied to a trellis.
Chord
The plant grows up to 1 m in height. For 1 sq. m is recommended to plant 4-5 bushes. Fruits are in the form of a truncated cone, light green and bright red. The variety is popular with residents of the Moscow region, valued for its resistance to diseases, unpretentiousness and excellent taste of fruits. Accord is universal – its fruits can be eaten in any form.
Barguzin
The early pepper variety Barguzin gives good yields in greenhouses near Moscow. The plant forms into a short (60-70 cm) beautiful bush with a neat rounded crown. Yellow long fruits weighing up to 200 g are suitable for canning and cooking. Variety Barguzin is famous for its long fruiting, friendly seed germination and disease resistance.
Conclusion
This is only a small part of the early varieties of sweet pepper, which take root well and give rich harvests in the climatic conditions of the Moscow region. For those who do not have experience in growing pepper, you can try varieties such as Winnie the Pooh, Eroshka, Funtik. These varieties have long become permanent residents of the beds near Moscow, and give a harvest in any conditions.
When grown in greenhouses, plants that are independent of weather conditions grow faster and bear fruit earlier. In addition, plants in the greenhouse do not require special care. It is only necessary to control the level of moisture in the soil and maintain the right temperature for pepper.