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During pregnancy, it is important to control many processes in the mother’s body. It is necessary to react early in the event of any complications. The cervix should be under the constant supervision of the future mother and the appropriate specialist, because its changes suggest what is going on in the mother’s and fetus’s body. In the following article you will learn how the cervix changes in pregnancy, how to check its condition, what is cervical insufficiency, and what symptoms should worry a future mother.
What is the cervix?
The cervix is the part of the reproductive system that connects the vagina and the womb. It is about 3-5 cm long and has a characteristic tubular shape. However, it is most distinguished by the fact that it is variable depending on what day of the cycle it is observed on. It is through her that monthly bleeding takes place. The cervix also serves as a pathway for sperm and, once the egg is fertilized, it is an effective protection for the fetus. That is why it is so important to carefully examine the cervix during pregnancy, because the safety of the future mother and baby depends largely on its condition.
What should the cervix look like in pregnancy?
The cervix during pregnancy takes on a slightly different appearance than in the case of non-conception. After fertilization, the cervix is sealed by the so-called a mucus plug, which consists of various secretions of the female body. The resulting mucus plug plays an extremely important role throughout the course of pregnancy, as it protects the fetus and thus helps to maintain the pregnancy. During pregnancy, the cervix lengthens and is much harder than in non-pregnant women. Such changes are not observed in expectant mothers until the end of the third trimester.
What does cervical failure mean in pregnancy?
Cervical failure may develop during pregnancy. We define the various abnormalities that appear within the cervix, both in terms of its shape and structure. It is important that cervical failure is detected early enough, preferably in the second trimester, to take appropriate action to maintain pregnancy and deliver a safe birth. During pregnancy, various abnormalities associated with cervical insufficiency may appear. The most common are its opening and shortening. Some examples of cervical failure, especially those that appear early in pregnancy, can be very dangerous and have a significant impact on the entire course of pregnancy and childbirth. A shortened cervix can affect the size of the fetus, among other things.
What are the most common causes of cervical failure?
Cervical failure can have many different reasons. One of them is inborn genetics. Cervical failure in pregnancy may also be related to the size and weight of the fetus, and to the course of previous births. In some women, cervical failure may also be a consequence of previous illnesses and various surgical procedures. Laser treatment and an inappropriate lifestyle of a pregnant woman may also have a negative effect. For example, excessive stress can be associated with cervical failure, as well as multiple pregnancies.
How to assess the condition of the cervix in pregnancy?
The condition of the cervix should always be assessed by a specialist, i.e. a gynecologist. It is strongly not recommended to do it yourself at home, as it may harm the fetus or adversely affect the course of pregnancy and delivery. The cervix should be inspected at every follow-up visit, and a detailed examination may be carried out, for example, with ultrasound. Although some women are able to assess the condition of the cervix by touch, pregnant women should not use this method. Women can self-examine themselves in this way, for example, to assess the day of the menstrual cycle.
What are the changes in the cervix in pregnancy?
During pregnancy, the cervix changes most at the end of the third trimester. This is when, as already mentioned, it becomes harder and closes. At the end of pregnancy, the cervix may become plump and shorter. Immediately before delivery, the previously formed mucus plug falls out, and a dilation appears in the cervix, which is the first sign of impending delivery.