Teaching a child to speak correctly

The birth of a child for parents is the beginning of the most significant, exciting, full of happiness and anxiety period of life. Adults with excitement and joy perceive each new victory of their child. Here he rolled over for the first time, learned to crawl, got up in the crib, and began to walk.

The new person gradually grows stronger and with his small steps enters our huge world, full of interesting events, sometimes funny, and sometimes dangerous. The child adapts to people, to the world around him. Connections with objects and people are becoming more diverse and complex. The child has speech, his development moves to a new level.

How happy parents are to hear the first words of their baby! But sometimes it happens like this:

Vadim is three years old. On the playground, he liked Masha’s girlfriend’s toy. Vadim asked: “Give me a mofoyka (form).” The girl did not understand Vadim and did not share the toy. After several unsuccessful attempts to pronounce the word “mold”, the boy began to take away the toy from his girlfriend.

In the case of Vadim, his speech is understandable only to those close to him. Communication with “foreign” people is difficult. Parents have a question: what to do? The most correct decision would be to show the child to a specialist to identify the specifics of speech disorders, make a speech therapy conclusion and subsequent correction of speech defects.

But as soon as a parent notices mistakes in his child’s speech – repetitions, omissions, omissions, rearrangement of syllables – you can independently take steps to overcome this defect.

1. Develop a sense of rhythm

Each word has a certain number of syllables and, accordingly, its own rhythm. You can offer to tap the rhythm with a pencil on the table, stomp your feet like an adult, knock on a tambourine, on a drum, on a metallophone. You should start with a simple rhythmic pattern, gradually complicating the task.

2. We form ideas about the sequence of the sound-syllabic series

We start with games and exercises aimed at the formation of space-time representations (beginning, middle, end, after, before, behind, first, then, etc.). At this stage, it is effective to create game situations using Russian folk tales (“Gingerbread Man”, “Turnip”, “Teremok”).

An adult reads a fairy tale, reinforcing the reading by showing pictures, then the fairy-tale situation is played out using the corresponding figures of characters or finger puppets. After playing the situation, the child is asked questions: “Who did Kolobok meet first? Who’s last? Who did you meet after the fox?

3. Practice correct pronunciation

You need to start with words with a simple syllabic structure that do not include sounds that the child has not yet learned to pronounce correctly (for example, water-da, wa-ta, Kat-cha), gradually moving on to more complex ones.

The complication lies in the use of syllables of different types and increasing their number: we start with words consisting of two syllables (two-syllables) ending in a vowel sound (ko-ty), then we move on to words consisting of three syllables (trisyllabic, for example, mo- lo-ko), we include in the work words with syllables ending in a consonant sound (sad, ko-mod).

When the child stops making mistakes in such words, you can start working on more complex ones.

4. Use game techniques

For example, we invite the child to compose a picture from parts and pronounce the word by syllables (the card is previously cut into as many parts as there are syllables in the word). We explain to the child that if you fold the picture incorrectly, then the syllables will change places and the word will lose its meaning.

Preschool children like the “Buttons” exercise: buttons can be inverted loto chips, rectangles of the same size from different materials. When pronouncing a word, an adult lays out the “buttons” in a horizontal direction (the number of chips is equal to the number of syllables in the word). Then he asks the child to repeat the word, pressing the “buttons” with his finger.

This technique can be used every time there is difficulty in pronouncing words.

5. Memorize short verses

At the initial stage, it is better to use such poems and nursery rhymes in which there is repeated onomatopoeia:

Ba-ba-ba, ba-ba-ba

-Mom mom! Out the pipe!

Boo-boo-boo, boo-boo-boo

– You and me buy a pipe!

As you master the skill of correct pronunciation and master the correct sequence of syllables, you can pick up more complex poetic works.

Grandma had a ram

He beat briskly on the drum.

And the butterflies danced

Under the grandmother’s window.

G. Sapphire

Good examples of literate speech are the works of such classics of children’s literature as S. Marshak, K. Chukovsky, A. Barto, S. Mikhalkov. The techniques for working on the syllabic structure of words given above will be useful for children of various age categories.

When working on the syllabic composition of words, you need to remember that before the independent use of a word is fixed in a child, it takes from 70 to 90 (and sometimes more) repetitions of a new word. Therefore, parents need to be patient and work systematically.