Contents
Variety “Tamaris” attracts cherry lovers with its characteristics. A detailed acquaintance with the advantages of Tamaris cherries and a description of the variety will allow gardeners to diversify the range of fruit crops in their garden and enjoy unusually tasty berries.
History of breeding
A low cherry variety was bred by the breeder Morozova T.V. at VNIIS them. I.V. Michurin (Tambov region). Tamara Morozova specializes in breeding winter-hardy, low-growing, high-yielding varieties of cherries.
To obtain the desired result, breeders treated the seedlings of the Shirpotreb Chernaya variety with the chemical mutagen EI at the seedling stage. The result of their long work was the Tamaris cherry, which received its name in honor of the originator.
Description of the culture
Variety “Tamaris” refers to undersized species, so an adult tree is a natural dwarf.
An important advantage of the Tamaris variety is high yield combined with compactness. It is short stature that allows you to place a sufficient number of trees on the site, and also greatly facilitates the care of the crop and harvesting. The height of an adult cherry tree is no more than 2 m. Individual specimens of Tamaris can reach a height of 2,5 m.
“Tamaris” is recommended by originators for cultivation in the Central Black Earth and North Caucasus regions. Often, “Tamaris” is used by gardeners and summer residents for landscaping and landscaping the site, creating compact orchards.
Brief description of the Tamaris cherry variety:
- The crown of the cherry is spreading, not too thick, rounded. It differs in elevation, which can be seen quite clearly.
- The bark on the main branches and the trunk of the cherry has a brown color.
- Shoots are long, they form a small number of lenticels. The kidneys of the Tamaris variety are oval in shape.
- The leaves are smooth without pubescence, teeth are located along the edges of the leaf plate. Shanks are short.
- The inflorescences of the Tamaris cherry variety consist of medium-sized white rose-shaped flowers.
The great pride of gardeners who grow cherries of the Tamaris variety are fruits. They are large, rounded, dark red in color, excellent taste. The stone inside is also large, and the pulp is juicy sweet and sour. Less acid, more sweetness. Therefore, at the first tasting, the taste of tender berries makes a pleasant impression.
Vitamin C in the fruits of “Tamaris” contains 38 mg / 100 g, almost 10% sugars, 1,67% acids. The weight of one cherry is about 5 g. The fruit transportability of the variety is at an average level, so gardeners are trying to sell and process the harvested crop as quickly as possible.
Features
The main characteristics of the Tamaris cherry variety, for which gardeners choose it for planting, should be described in more detail.
Drought resistance, winter resistance
The species belongs to varieties with high winter hardiness. Without shelter, cherry calmly withstands frosts down to -24 ° C. Drought resistance “Tamaris” is average. During a period of severe drought and heat, it is not worth leaving the tree without irrigation, otherwise you can lose a significant part of the crop.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening period
Variety “Tamaris” – self-fertile. Fruits on bouquet branches. The ovaries are formed during the period when the flowers are still closed. Therefore, the variety perfectly forms the crop on its own. Pollinators for Tamaris cherries are not required. On the contrary, the variety is a good pollinator for other species of late fruiting. However, the yield of the “Tamaris” variety is significantly increased when adjacent to the cherries “Lyubskaya”, “Zhukovskaya”, “Turgenevka”. Up to 16 buds are formed on a branch that has grown over the year, half of which are flower buds.
This type of cherry belongs to the late ripening period. The formation of fruits occurs at a time when the detrimental effect of spring frosts is no longer possible.
Fruit ripening occurs from the second half of July to early August.
yield, fruiting
“Tamaris” begins to bear fruit in the 2nd or 3rd year after planting.
This is an advantageous characteristic for gardeners, allowing you to get the first harvest very quickly. From one tree, you can collect up to 10 kg of ripe berries per season, when grown on an industrial scale – up to 80 kg / ha.
The life expectancy of cherries is more than 20 years. During this period, the fruiting is stable, the quality, quantity and size of the fruits do not decrease. The only factor that can affect the yield is harsh climatic conditions, for example, in Western Siberia. In this region, the variety “Tamaris” is distinguished by a shorter life expectancy, a decrease in the fruiting period and crop quality.
Scope of berries
The berries of “Tamaris” are much sweeter than the usual taste of cherries, therefore they have a universal application. Cherry juices are very tasty and rich. In freezing, the fruits perfectly retain their shape, juiciness and taste, and compotes are distinguished by a pleasant aroma and bright cherry color.
The berries of the variety are suitable for drying, and the jam has a liquid consistency due to the juiciness of the cherries. When fresh, the fruits are superior to many varieties in terms of taste.
Disease and pest resistance
Resistance to diseases of the culture is quite high, the ability of the variety to resist coccomycosis is especially appreciated. Other fungal diseases also rarely affect Tamaris cherries.
Advantages and disadvantages
Like any fruit and berry crop, Tamaris dwarf cherries have their pros and cons.
Advantages | Disadvantages |
High yield | Mandatory and timely pruning in order to regulate the load on the tree. From a large number of fruits, the branches break |
Disease resistance | |
Winter hardiness | |
Compactness and low stature | |
Self-fertility | |
Wind resistance |
Features of landing
Planting a new variety is not only an exciting event for every gardener. How responsibly and competently you approach this process depends on the health, duration of fruiting of the variety, as well as the quantity and quality of the crop.
Recommended dates
Tamaris cherries can be planted in spring and autumn. If spring planting is planned, then the event must be held before the buds open on the seedling. This usually happens in April. Autumn planting of a tree is possible no later than October. But still, it is better to plant “Tamaris” in the spring, so that the onset of early autumn frosts does not destroy the weak plant, and the seedlings have time to take root and prepare for winter.
Choosing the right place
Cherry “Tamaris” perfectly takes root and bears fruit well in well-lit and ventilated areas. Therefore, it is important to choose for her a place in the garden that meets her requirements.
For planting cherries of the Tamaris variety, it is necessary to allocate a site with loose, light loamy soil. If the soil structure differs from the required, then take appropriate measures to improve the composition of the soil. Be sure to lower the acidity to a neutral pH level if the soil is acidic.
Although the variety is stunted, a distance of at least 2 meters must be left between plants.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
Different crops grow in the garden, so the development, fruiting and productivity of the cherry tree depends on the correct selection of neighbors. For Tamaris, it is preferable to allocate a plot next to cherries, grapes or hawthorn.
But close proximity to apple trees, pears, plums, apricots or cherry plums is undesirable. The optimal distance between unwanted neighbors and Tamaris is 6 meters. In this case, all plants will get along normally and will bear fruit well.
Selection and preparation of planting material
A cherry seedling is considered to be of high quality if:
- tree height not less than 1 m;
- it has a branched root system 20 cm long and several branches on the stem;
- it does not show signs of disease or damage to the roots, bark or leaves;
- age of planting material is not more than 2 years.
It is recommended to purchase seedlings from trusted suppliers. Before planting, it is advisable to soak the cherry roots for 2-3 hours and be sure to cut off the damaged parts.
Landing algorithm
Even a novice gardener can plant Tamaris cherries. It is important to adhere to the following agrotechnical recommendations:
- Dig a planting hole measuring 50 x 50 cm.
- Check that the root system of the cherry seedling in the straightened state is freely placed in the hole.
- Lay a drainage layer on the bottom of the hole, then a mixture of humus (1 bucket), superphosphate (40 g), potassium chloride (25 g), wood ash (1 kg). The soil mixture must be well mixed before planting.
- Before planting, drive in a peg for the subsequent garter of a cherry seedling.
- Set the seedling on the north side of the peg, straighten the roots, cover with earth.
- Tamp the soil, make a trunk circle, pour plenty of water (2-3 buckets).
- Mulch the circumferential circle.
And once again briefly about the landing:
Culture aftercare
Caring for the Tamaris variety is quite simple. Cherries need watering, periodic loosening of the soil, fertilizing and pruning.
Watering is regulated depending on weather conditions. A young tree needs 1-2 buckets every week. During the period of flowering, formation and ripening of fruits, the watering rate must be increased. After harvesting, Tamaris should be watered only as needed.
They feed cherries from the age of 3, provided that at the time of planting the soil was fertilized in accordance with the recommendations. In the spring, top dressing based on nitrogen is applied, in the fall – potassium-phosphorus fertilizers.
Also, the Tamaris variety responds well to top dressing with ash and mullein, which is applied twice during the season – at the time of flowering and 2-3 weeks after the first.
The variety needs regular pruning. If you skip the procedure for shortening the branches, they may break under the weight of the crop.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Cause of illness or injury | Prevention and treatment measures |
Rodents | Protecting the bark with dense material |
Cherry Weevil | Timely treatment with insecticides |
Moniliosis, coccomycosis | Treatment with preparations containing sulfur and copper, cleaning and burning of affected parts |
Leaf chlorosis | Treatment with Chlorophyte according to the instructions |
Conclusion
Cherry “Tamaris” – the best option for a small summer cottage. Compact low-growing trees greatly simplify the process of care, pruning and harvesting. In addition, the variety does well without pollinators. The versatility of the use of berries allows you to minimize the number of varieties for cultivation and expand the range of fruit and berry crops in a limited space.