Contents
Cherry Donetsk coal is one of the most favorite varieties among gardeners. Unpretentiousness in care, high yield and excellent taste of fruits are the reason for its high popularity.
History of breeding
The sweet cherry variety Ugolyok was bred in 1956 in the Donetsk region at the Artemov Nursery Experimental Station at the Institute of Horticulture of the Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences. The author is an outstanding breeder, Honored Agronomist of Ukraine – Lilia Ivanovna Taranenko. Arose as a result of crossing varieties Valery Chkalov and Drogana yellow. Introduced into the State Register of Breeding Achievements since 1995
A photo of the Ugolek cherry can be seen below.
Description of the culture
The cherry tree is medium-sized, with a spherical crown of medium density, reaches 3,5 m in size. The leaves are oval, with serrated serrations along the edge. The fruits are maroon, rounded, slightly flattened, dense texture, sweet. The peduncle is of medium length and thickness, dryly comes off even in unripe berries. The stone is well separated from the pulp. The root system is horizontal type, skeletal roots are formed during the first year. The description of the Ugolek sweet cherry variety defines its most important features:
- Early-fruiting – bears fruit in the 4-5th year.
- Self-infertile – requires replanting 1-2 trees for pollination.
- Vegetation period – medium-late variety.
Cherry charcoal grows well in the temperate climate of Southern, Western and Eastern Europe. On the territory of Our Country, it is successfully cultivated in the North Caucasus, in the Crimea, the Krasnodar Territory. It is possible to plant a plant in the Central Black Earth region of Our Country, but without the hope of high yields.
Features
At the beginning of life, the tree grows rapidly, by 4-5 years it completely forms a crown. The foliage sparsely covers the branches, which promotes air circulation and high-quality pollination.
Drought resistance, winter resistance
Frost tolerance is above average. Cherry does not tolerate frosts below -250C – either freezes heavily or dies before the fruiting period. It may not bear fruit due to freezing of the kidneys. Tolerates drought well.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening period
The high yield of Ugolek cherries is achieved only as a result of cross-pollination. It blooms during the period when the average daily temperature does not fall below +100C. In the southern regions – in early April, in the northeast – in early May. The flowering period lasts from 15 to 25 days, depending on weather conditions. Pollinator for sweet cherries Coal – a variety that blooms at the same time as it. For this purpose, varieties Donchanka, Yaroslavna, Valery Chkalov, Aelita, Drogana yellow, Valeria, Annushka, Donetsk beauty are suitable. The Donetsk coal ripens by the end of June – the middle of July.
yield, fruiting
Full fruiting begins 5-7 years after planting. From an adult 10-year-old tree, you can collect up to 100 kg of berries. The quality of the crop is affected by the weather during flowering. In wet and cool spring, the activity of pollinating insects decreases, and in the heat, the reproductive properties of pollen deteriorate.
Disease and pest resistance
As a result of breeding work, the Ugolek variety demonstrates immunity to diseases, in particular, coccomycosis. Resistant to pest attack, but preventive and protective measures must be taken.
Advantages and disadvantages
Reviews about Ugolek cherries from gardeners are always friendly, covering the positive and negative characteristics of the variety. The pluses include:
- Compact crown size.
- Easy care.
- Frost and drought resistance.
- Excellent taste characteristics
- High yield
- Versatility – good for conservation, making juices, compotes, fruit wines.
The description of sweet cherries Donetsk Ugolyok reveals the following negative points:
- Cracking of berries in conditions of high humidity during the fruiting period.
- The need to control the growth of the crown, cut out the shoots growing upwards.
Conclusion
Cherry Donetsk Ugolyok lives up to 100 years, but the most productive are 15-25 years. Planting is done in early spring or mid-autumn. Choose 1-year-old seedlings with 3-4 branches of the tap root. It grows well and bears fruit on loamy and sandy soddy-podzolic soils with a pH of 6,5-7. Young plants need to be watered abundantly (1-2 buckets of water 2 times a week and in drought 3 times a week).