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It should immediately be noted that supply and exhaust ventilation has its own, both positive and negative sides. The undoubted advantages of this equipment are:
The disadvantages of the system include:
What is supply and exhaust ventilation
This type of ventilation is a system that provides a constant flow of fresh and clean air into the room and the simultaneous removal of exhaust air. Supply and exhaust ventilation is installed mainly in houses with an area of more than 100 square meters. m.
There are two types of such ventilation for a house or apartment: monoblock and typesetting. Monoblocks are already completely ready for use, have compact dimensions and are designed for installation in apartments. Type-setting installations are assembled on site, are large and are mounted mainly in houses.
The supply and exhaust ventilation device includes the following elements:
- Air intake grille installed outside at the entrance to the duct and designed to protect against debris, insects and rodents;
- Filters that are located in the air ducts and contain fillers from coal;
- Check valve blocking the air duct from the influx of cold air;
- Evaporator designed to cool the air in summer;
- A heater that heats the incoming air before it is supplied to the rooms;
- A fan that promotes the movement of air through the ducts;
- Air ducts – special pipes of round or rectangular section, designed to transport air;
- Noise absorber to muffle the noise of a running fan;
- Distribution platforms and gratings installed at the exit to rooms and designed to supply air not in a single stream, but in thin jets;
- Recuperator – a device that allows you to save energy used to heat the supply air;
- Special sensors that collect data on the state of the microclimate in the house and monitor the operation of the equipment;
- Automation that controls the entire system and includes controllers for fan speed and air heating.
How supply and exhaust ventilation works
The principle of operation of the supply and exhaust system is based on a two-circuit model of air transportation.
At the first stage, cold air is taken from outside the room and warm air is extracted from the apartment. In this case, a prerequisite is the purification of air at the inlet and outlet.
At the second stage, cold air enters the heater (heater), where the heat of the exhaust air is transferred to fresh air without additional energy costs.
After that, the heated air enters the room, and the exhaust air is discharged outside through the external channel.
Which supply and exhaust ventilation to choose
When choosing a supply and exhaust unit, you should pay attention to a number of technical characteristics:
Air supply equipment
To ensure the flow of air into the apartment, there are two types of installations: universal and compact.
Universal supply units are mounted under the ceiling or on the balcony. They are designed to serve the entire apartment, so it is necessary to install an air duct system. Installation of such units is quite complicated, so it is better to invite specialists.
The compact air handling unit is mounted on a wall or on a door. In this case, air ducts are not needed, since the filtered and heated air is supplied to the room through an opening in the wall or door. The air supply intensity, as well as other parameters, are set manually.
Ventilation for air extraction
An exhaust fan is most often used to remove exhaust air from a house or apartment. It is installed in the bathroom and in the kitchen, where the air is most quickly polluted. It is better to choose exhaust fans that are equipped with motion and humidity sensors, which leads to energy savings. The fan is installed instead of the exhaust grille. It is desirable that it has a check valve that prevents reverse thrust.
In the kitchen, the best solution is a cooker hood, which captures odors and steam directly at their point of origin. When choosing a kitchen hood, the following parameters should be considered:
Repair and maintenance of supply and exhaust ventilation
The supply and exhaust ventilation unit is a rather complex unit, consisting of a significant number of parts. Their work should be interconnected and coordinated. If it doesn’t, the system needs to be repaired. It is not recommended to do the repair yourself. Monoblocks have a factory warranty, and with a prefabricated system, the installer must give a guarantee for equipment and installation work.
Periodic maintenance is required, which includes:
Popular questions and answers
Of course, if you have a certain level of technical knowledge and skills, it is possible to install a supply and exhaust system, but you will have to follow a difficult and thorny path of trial and error.
The very concept of supply and exhaust ventilation is very flexible, there are a huge number of ways to implement such projects. It all depends on the tasks, types of object and scope of work. Any user can install an overhead fan in the bathroom. But more complex systems require an expert approach. Ventilation is an element of hidden engineering systems, errors in design and installation are then very costly!
Alexander Chebotarev, head of the marketing department of the construction and production group of companies SK Profi:
You can design and install yourself, but from a practical point of view, it is not desirable. The design and installation of ventilation systems is a complex process that takes into account: the purpose of the room, the internal volume, the required temperature inside the facility, the climate of the region, the thermal characteristics, the heating systems used, the number of people and a host of other nuances. Errors entail high noise, stuffiness, poor removal of odors and smoke, the formation of fumes that create condensate. Of course, this negatively affects the condition of buildings and comfort for people. At the same time, fixing flaws can be more expensive than doing it from scratch.
Depending on the type of object in question. If you have a country house, then you don’t need to coordinate anything with the governing bodies, the only thing, of course, if neighbors live nearby and the noise from the ventilation unit makes them uncomfortable, then, of course, it’s better to coordinate this issue with them. In apartment buildings, it is problematic to install a supply and exhaust system, not all house designs are adapted to this (household ventilators or breathers are more often installed). But if, nevertheless, the installation is technically possible, then the project will have to be coordinated with the management company and in the future to hand over the work to them. Of course, if we take other types of objects (cafes, restaurants, cinemas, shopping centers, shops, warehouses, etc.), then the project and coordination of all work in the operating management bodies is mandatory.
Alexander Chebotarev, head of the marketing department of the construction and production group of companies SK Profi:
From a formal point of view, if you do not install ventilation in an apartment building, hazardous production, an explosives warehouse, an indoor swimming pool for mass visits and similar complex structures for a specific purpose, then no special permits for the design and installation of supply and exhaust ventilation are required. But in practice, with self-installation, you will have to go through a complex approval procedure in a number of instances. Coordination is not needed, only if you are building a cottage for yourself, which you do not plan to transfer to the category of a residential building.