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Even healthy and strong tomato seedlings may not produce enough ovaries. The reason for this usually lies in the lack of necessary conditions for the growth of tomatoes. Spraying tomatoes with special substances and preparations helps to solve the problem. As a result, the growth of seedlings and the formation of the ovary are improved.
Reasons for the lack of an ovary
For the appearance of the ovary, tomatoes need to provide a number of conditions. If the necessary microclimate is violated in the greenhouse, then the yield of tomatoes will decrease significantly.
Temperature
Tomatoes need to maintain a certain temperature regime in the greenhouse. If the temperature is too high or too low, the flowers of plants may fall off.
Pollination of tomatoes occurs under the following conditions:
- 13-21°C at night;
- up to 28°C during the day.
If the air temperature exceeds 40 ° C, this will lead to the fall of the flowers. An increase in night temperatures by several degrees will have a detrimental effect on the appearance of the ovary. At night, tomatoes need to rest, which is impossible to provide at high ambient temperatures.
To maintain the temperature balance of tomatoes, greenhouses are regularly ventilated. To increase the temperature, additional covering material is used. Watering in the morning will help reduce it, which also contributes to the appearance of the ovary.
Before frosts, you should take care in advance of heating the greenhouse and the tomatoes that grow in it. For this, special furnaces or electric heaters are used. Another option would be to use daytime heat accumulators – containers filled with warm water.
Humidity
Moisture readings are more difficult to provide, but doable. To obtain ovaries, the humidity ranges from 40 to 70%.
If the humidity in the greenhouse is low, then you need to spray the tomatoes in the morning. Additionally, the passages are moistened from the hose. With a lack of moisture, the ovaries of tomatoes crumble, the leaves curl, and the tops droop.
This figure can be reduced by mulching the soil. Another way is local watering of tomatoes.
Additional fertilizing
The formation of the ovary directly depends on the supply of nutrients to the tomatoes. Of particular importance for the formation of the ovary is nitrogen, which is involved in the development and appearance of buds. The first top dressing is carried out after planting tomatoes in the ground.
If the tomatoes are healthy, then it is allowed to feed them a few weeks after being transferred to the greenhouse. Excess nitrogen also has a negative effect on tomatoes.
Up to 30 g of nitrogen fertilizer is required per plant. Excessive feeding will lead to active growth of the stem and foliage, and not the development of ovaries.
Pollination
The formation of the ovary is impossible in the absence of pollination. If tomatoes grow outdoors, then this process occurs naturally. Pollen is transported by the wind.
Greenhouses create artificial conditions for pollination. Shaking the tomatoes will help transfer the pollen. If the tomatoes are tied up, then it is enough to knock on the ropes.
Another method is to use a fan. Artificially created air currents contribute to the movement of pollen and the formation of an ovary.
Other factors
The reason for the lack of ovaries are other factors:
- lack of sunlight;
- micronutrient deficiency (phosphorus or potassium);
- lack of life-giving forces in the plant (concerns large-fruited varieties);
- diseases that do not allow tomatoes to form an ovary;
- treatment with chemicals that reduce the productivity of pollination.
In order for tomatoes to develop correctly and form an ovary, you need to provide them with timely watering and top dressing. Tomatoes are regularly processed to prevent diseases. Disinfectants based on iodine, boric acid, salt are suitable for this.
Spraying rules for tomatoes
In order for spraying a tomato to be beneficial, and they get the maximum of useful substances, you must follow the rules for this procedure.
Spraying with an ovary is carried out under a number of conditions:
- lack of heat;
- calm weather without precipitation (if the tomatoes are planted in open ground);
- morning or evening is chosen when the activity of the sun’s rays decreases;
- the liquid should only fall on the flowers and brushes of plants;
- the agent for the ovary should not fall on the shoots and the upper part of the tomatoes;
- process tomatoes only with a fine spray.
For spraying the ovary of tomatoes, warm water is used. If the source for irrigation is a well or a spring, then the containers are first filled with water. After settling and warming up, the water becomes suitable for spraying tomatoes.
Preparations for the ovary
Spraying with special solutions helps to increase the number of ovaries. Some of these can be made at home from ingredients available at drugstores or gardening stores. There are special preparations aimed at improving the ovary of tomatoes.
Boric acid
For tomatoes, boric acid is a universal fertilizer. It is introduced into the soil to eliminate phytophthora. Additionally, sugar transportation is improved, which has a positive effect on the taste of tomatoes and the development of new ovaries. With the help of boron, it is easier for tomatoes to obtain and synthesize useful elements from the soil.
With proper use of boron, the first crop from tomatoes is removed at the end of June. The first spraying with the ovary is carried out before flowering, when the buds begin to form. Such top dressing will accelerate their growth and stimulate the formation of new inflorescences.
The next spraying is carried out during the mass flowering of tomatoes. Processing tomatoes during this period allows new ovaries to form and prevent them from falling off.
For spraying, 1 liter of solution is used for every 10 m2 beds. To obtain new tomato ovaries, it is required to dilute 10 g of boric acid in 10 liters of water. This amount is enough for the full processing of tomato leaves.
Ovary stimulants
Due to special stimulants, you can increase the number of ovaries and get a good harvest. Their composition includes natural substances (salts, acids, trace elements) that activate the metabolism in tomatoes. As a result, much more fruit is tied, even under adverse conditions.
Preparations for the ovary are available in the form of tablets, powder or liquid. For spraying a tomato with an ovary, the drug is dissolved in hot water. The agent is diluted in a container that is not subject to oxidation. For mixing, you need a wooden stick.
With the correct use of stimulants, the number of ovaries increases, the development of tomatoes and fruit formation are accelerated. The result is a 25% increase in yield.
The concentration of the drug is selected taking into account the purpose of its use. If there are no deviations in the development of the tomato ovary, then 2 g of powder per 1,5 l of water is sufficient. Processing is carried out during the appearance of ovaries and before flowering.
If you want to increase the yield of tomatoes, then 2 g of the stimulant is dissolved in 1 liter of water. More precise concentrations are indicated in the instructions for the drugs, so there may be discrepancies.
The following types of stimulants are most effective:
- “Ovary”;
- “Tomato”;
- “Phytocarpin”;
- “Boro Plus”.
Vitalizers
Natural growth stimulants include vitalizers, the composition of which includes silicon dioxide. With its help, the formation of cells and the development of the ovary of tomatoes are accelerated.
Vitalizers are obtained from the juice of trees and herbs (plantain, cypress, pine, cedar). These plants are distinguished by a long life span and a unique composition of proteins and minerals.
The fertilizer is supplied in liquid or granular form. After its use, the number of tomato ovaries increases, the time for fruit ripening is reduced, and their quality improves.
The Vitalizer is diluted with water, after which a product ready for spraying is obtained. The drug is also used when the ovary falls off.
Processing of tomatoes is carried out with the HB 101 vitalizer. This tool is used for processing tomato seeds, watering, fertilizing the soil before planting. For the ovary, tomatoes are sprayed with the drug weekly.
Gibberellic acid
Gibberelin is a hormone that allows you to increase the yield of tomatoes. It is available as a powder or liquid. The drug is included in the tomato treatment scheme, since it stimulates seed germination, seedling growth and the appearance of an ovary.
Additional properties of gibberelin are:
- increase in the number of ovaries and productivity;
- obtaining large fruits with a high sugar content;
- acceleration of the flowering process and enlargement of flowers.
Gibberellin is a safe substance, but protective equipment should not be neglected when using it.
Gibberellin is first diluted in alcohol. For 1 g of the substance, 100 ml of alcohol is required. The resulting solution can be stored and used for ovaries for six months.
The concentrate is then diluted with water. Tomatoes require a solution with a concentration of up to 50 mg / l. To obtain it, 30 ml of an alcohol solution requires 6 liters of water. Spraying tomato flowers increases the yield and the number of future ovaries.
Feeding with potassium and phosphorus
Tomatoes need potassium during the development of the ovary, when the third and fourth leaves appear. Additionally, potassium improves the palatability of tomatoes and increases their resistance to diseases.
Due to phosphorus, the resistance of plants to adverse factors increases, the root system develops and the fruits of tomatoes are tied faster.
Top dressing is carried out in early July, in the future – once a month. It is best to use a fertilizer complex.
other methods
Compliance with the rules for planting and caring for tomatoes allows plants to form an ovary, and gardeners to get a good harvest.
Soil preparation
Tomatoes prefer the soil, which includes humus and compost in equal proportions. Additionally, the earth is enriched with potassium sulfate and superphosphate. The soil for tomatoes should remain loose and warm well.
The first soil preparation is carried out in the fall. The earth is dug up to a depth of 20 cm. Before planting in the spring, the procedure is repeated.
Previously, the soil for tomatoes is disinfected with a solution of iodine or other substances. So you can avoid the development of diseases of tomatoes, leading to the fall of the ovary.
Loosening the soil is another factor that increases the yield of tomatoes. As a result, soil aeration, moisture penetration and nutrient absorption are improved.
To strengthen the root system, tomatoes spud. So, additional roots are created, improves the flow of moisture and minerals to form the ovary of tomatoes.
Landing scheme
In a greenhouse, tomatoes should be planted in a certain direction: from east to west. So, all seedlings will receive uniform lighting, and in the afternoon there will be no blackout from neighboring plants. As a result, daylight hours for tomatoes increase and the number of ovaries will increase.
Up to 0,7 m is left between seedlings. If two rows are equipped, then up to 0,8 m is left between them. Tomatoes can be placed in a checkerboard pattern or in one line.
Another option is a combination landing. Undersized varieties are planted near the walls of the greenhouse, leaving 0,4 m between them. Tall tomatoes are placed near the passage, ripening at a later date. Thus, pollination of plants and the development of the ovary are ensured.
Mulching
Mulching allows you to enrich the soil in the heifer. The surface of the soil is covered with a layer of compost, straw, grass clippings or sawdust. This method makes it possible to avoid the germination of weeds.
An additional action is the preservation of soil moisture and the absence of a crust on the soil surface. Mulch promotes the development of beneficial microorganisms that turn the top layer of earth into fertile soil for tomatoes.
Soil mulching is performed immediately after planting tomatoes. If a constant temperature has not yet been established, then it is better to postpone the procedure. Otherwise, in case of frost, the tomatoes will freeze, which will negatively affect the formation of the ovary.
Pasynkovanie
Eliminating extra shoots allows tomatoes to direct all their efforts to the development of the ovary. Flowers and fruits may appear on the stepsons left, but they will not have time to form.
Excess tomato shoots can be removed already at the seedling stage. After landing in the ground, intensive formation of shoots begins.
The shoots are removed every week. This is done before their length exceeds 2,5 cm, otherwise there is a risk of injuring the tomato. Then the vitality of the tomatoes will be directed to the formation of the ovary.
Conclusion
The appearance of the ovary of tomatoes is affected by the microclimate in the greenhouse, the presence of fertilizers, and the flow of moisture. To increase the yield, special preparations are used that are harmless to humans and the environment. Processing of tomatoes is carried out in compliance with a number of rules. Each drug is used strictly according to the instructions. After spraying tomatoes, new ovaries appear, which leads to an increase in the final yield. With proper care and an influx of nutrients, the growth of tomatoes and their fruiting is ensured.
