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Hello! The baby is doing exercises, massage, learning to swim to help his muscles relax, or vice versa, to tone up. So that in the future it would be easier for him to master such skills as sitting or walking. That is, his body is thus prepared for various physical activities, making it more flexible or strong.
Speech therapy gymnastics is also necessary for the development of a child’s speech. It is important to train the tongue, lips, vocal cords, and even the lungs, in order to make it easier for him to become understandable to others when he grows up.
Why is it necessary to consult a specialist?
The following gymnastics is only suitable for healthy children who do not have any deviations at all. And this applies not only to the articulatory apparatus, but also to phonemic hearing. If you study on your own, given the fact that the baby has speech difficulties, you will simply waste time and resources.
In addition, there are a number of diseases in which this gymnastics is categorically contraindicated, as it provokes seizures and complications. For example, with epilepsy, convulsions.
It happens that a lesion of the subcortical nodes, or the temporal part of the brain, is diagnosed — then hearing impairments are observed. In this case, it is imperative to consult a doctor who will refer you to an audiologist, neurologist and other specialists who specialize in this topic.
They will develop an individual lesson plan, taking into account the characteristics of your little man. So that there is not only meaning, but also sense in your training.
When not to worry
If you notice that your baby is pronouncing some words incorrectly, then it is not necessary to immediately sound the alarm. There are a number of common distortions for children aged 2-3 years, and sometimes even 4. They are easy to deal with, especially if you take the time to correct. But after 4 years, you should definitely go for a consultation, this will already be considered a deviation from the norm.
So, the most common defects common to most children:
- Mitigation. Adds a soft sign when it is not needed at all (nolik — zero);
- Replacement of hissing (svabra — mop);
- The absence of hissing (Olud — acorn), «r» (fish — fish);
- Replacing “p” with “d”, “v”, “l” or “l” (cube-lubik, instead of a rubik’s cube, kyosechka — tiny). Also “k” to “t” (tapot — hood) » , «g» to «d» (dolubi — pigeons), voiced to deaf (sub — tooth);
- Reduction of difficult to pronounce or unfamiliar words (anzistor — transistor);
- Skipping consonants if there are several of them in a row (aviation — keyboard);
- Permutation of syllables or sounds (old woman Shakoplyak — old woman Shapoklyak).
Articulatory gymnastics
Repeat about 8 times, over time complicating the load, duration and quantity.
- Inflate and deflate your cheeks, you can pat them, depicting a bursting ball;
- Brush your teeth, then your lips with your tongue;
- Play who will reach the tongue to the chin, cheeks, nose;
- Close your mouth and tap your upper teeth with your tongue. You can beat the rhythm of your favorite song;
- Depict an elephant, folding and stretching out his lips, like a trunk. Try to drink water (not really, otherwise you will choke);
- Move the tip of the tongue along the inside of the cheeks so that it can be seen from the outside how it moves. Perform in front of a mirror, imagining that these are nuts rolling;
- Pull out the tongue and make a tube, a cup out of it, fold it in half;
- Depict the sound of a steamboat (tighten your jaw and give out “s-s-s”, slightly opening your mouth), a steam locomotive (fold your lips into a tube to make “ooo”).
- Blow your cheeks like a fish and stay in this position for as long as possible.
By the way, on our website, you will find even more articulation exercises and not only for children.
speech breathing
Your task is to teach him to take a conscious breath in and out, to blow, releasing all the air from the lungs. Therefore, we offer such games that he had to blow. Only to inhale through the nose, and exhale through the mouth, slightly rounding the lips.
For example:
- On a small piece of cotton wool or paper, imagining that this is a snowflake flying in the air;
- A paper airplane hanging on a thread, birds, butterflies, etc.;
- On the flame of a candle, only so that it does not go out. Or vice versa, light several candles that need to be blown out at the same time;
- On the windmill, hot tea to cool, and also on the handles to warm them;
- On a dandelion so that not a single fluff remains. Only this exercise is more suitable for children 3-4 years old, there is less risk that, on the contrary, he will take a breath, choking on these fluffs.
- On paper boats while swimming, in order to «drive» them with the wind from one end to another.
Also, let him depict how the dog breathes during the heat, smell the flower, blow a soap bubble. Fill a basin with water and give him a straw, let him make a storm by turning paper boats over.
phonemic hearing
Encourage listening for various sounds, guessing what they might be. Let’s say what kind of birds are singing, what kind of noise is it a passing car down the street, or a working technique behind a wall?
Get toy musical instruments, let him try to extract a melody from them. And in general, he explores how pieces of furniture, dishes and so on sound.
Speak, changing intonation and tone so that he repeats after you. Whisper as if you have some secret that no one needs to hear, even if it is very close.
You can also blindfold him with a bandage and offer to guess what it sounds like right now. And at this time, hit different objects, play musical instruments. Very small, you can include animals on your phone.
It is also useful to beat some simple rhythm with your fingers, gradually complicating the invented melody.
Recommendations
- Gymnastics is aimed at developing flexibility, mobility of the tongue, lips and lower jaw, or rather, the ability to hold it in a certain position. So, if there is a lack of mobility of the tongue — in no case try to load it with work as much as possible. To begin with, it is important to choose those exercises in which he does not actively participate, but only occupies certain positions in order to form a sound. And only then move on to dynamic.
- Lip training can be done with any difficulties.
- Try to stimulate the child to make any sounds as early as possible. This is best done with a game. For example, when changing his clothes, talk to him all the time. List and draw various animals. Over time, he will repeat after you, imperceptibly «working» on his speech.
- Start training only when you or your baby are in a good mood. To form a positive attitude towards them and interest in development. Otherwise, tension will provoke resistance, which threatens both conflict and deterioration of relations.
- Show your imagination and accompany the instructions on the technique of performing exercises with interesting fairy tales and stories. Let’s say that the airplane ran out of fuel, and the pilot needs to fly to the forest to the bunnies, deliver carrots and gifts to them. Therefore, it is very necessary to help him, that is, to blow well so that he takes off.
Completion
And finally, I would like to recommend reading this article. It contains recommendations on how to teach your baby to pronounce the letter «r» if there are difficulties with pronunciation.
Take care of yourself and be happy!
The material was prepared by a psychologist, Gestalt therapist, Zhuravina Alina