Shod rowing: where it grows in Our Country, what it looks like, how to find it

The shod mushroom, known as matsutake, is a member of the Ryadovkov family. It is considered a delicacy, most appreciated in eastern countries, often used in the preparation of Asian dishes. A photo and description of a shoeed row will help to distinguish it from other members of the family. The mushroom has a bright taste, as well as useful properties.

What does a shod row look like (matsutake)

The shod row or tricholoma caligatum has a wide hat, the diameter of which can reach 20 cm. The shade can vary from light brown to dark brown, or pitch. Mature specimens have cracks located around the cap. This allows you to see the soft body of the fungus. On the surface of the cap there are many scales. The scales themselves are dark brown in color.

The thickness of the leg is on average 2,5-3 cm, and its length can reach 20-25 cm. The leg is the widest at the base. It has a brown tint, a sharp downward slope, located near the ground. It also has a brown ring.

The lamellar body of the shoeed line is light in color, there is a small depression on the plates themselves. In young specimens, the lamellar body is hidden under a protective film, so it is not noticeable. As the fungus grows, the film transforms into a ring at the bottom of the stem, its distinguishing feature is the presence of a fringe.

In the rowing mushroom, the shod flesh on the stem has a white tint, the texture is elastic and dense. The spores are small and round in shape.

Where does the shod row grow in Our Country

The shod row or matsutake grows in countries such as Japan, China, Korea, Sweden, and also Our Country. It is located in areas where sandy soil type, covered with moss, prevails. Most often – in pine forests and coniferous forests. Sometimes rowing is found in parks and garden plantings.

This mushroom is considered quite rare; in almost all regions of the country it is included in the regional red books. Ryadovka can be found on the Kola Peninsula of the Murmansk region. Ryadovka shod is sometimes found in the Leningrad region, grows in forests. The most optimal time for collection is autumn, mainly the month of October.

Some varieties are also found in other areas. The gray shod row is found in the Moscow region in coniferous, as well as mixed forests. It can be found from August until the first frost.

Shod rowing is most often found in the Urals. Mostly in the Irkutsk and Amur regions, as well as in the Khabarovsk Territory.

How to find a shod row

This type of mushroom is distinguished by the fact that they grow quite deep. In some cases, the row has to be dug out, since its leg is far in the ground. It is quite difficult to detect it with the naked eye. The mushroom picker has to carefully peer into the ground, since more often the row is disguised under fallen leaves, or under moss.

Mostly matsutake hides under white moss, but sometimes it is found under coniferous trees or oaks. The fungus is located at the very foot of the tree, while it grows only in those oaks that are at least 70 years old. Row grows around the trunk of a tree, forming a ring shape.

It is necessary to search in infertile soil. When the leaves fall, the soil becomes most fertile, in such conditions the fungus stops multiplying. This explains the fact that rowing does not bear fruit in the same place for more than 8 years.

Matsutake grows only under certain climatic conditions. It can be found only in the area where the daytime temperature does not exceed 26 ° C, while at night the temperature does not fall below 15 ° C. It grows most readily during periods of heavy rainfall.

Additional information about picking mushrooms in this video:

Is it possible to eat spotted row

The spotted row is considered an edible mushroom. In Asian countries, rowing is given special attention, as it is considered a delicacy and is used to prepare many dishes.

Attention! Among the rows there are also poisonous specimens, their characteristic feature is a sharp unpleasant odor, which intensifies when broken.

In order not to cut off the poisonous mushroom, when collecting, one should take into account the characteristic features related to edible specimens:

• thick layer of pulp;
• small cracks on the edges;
• slightly convex hat;
• the leg has a cylindrical shape;
• there are plates;
• the smell is weak.

Poisonous and edible mushrooms differ not only in smell, but also in appearance. Edible matsutake has a white flesh that is firm and not watery. The stem is long, dark brown. It is difficult to extract from the soil.

The taste of the mushroom

Ryadovka has bright taste qualities, its flavor is slightly reminiscent of a pear and pine needles. Their taste goes well with potatoes and fried onions. They are often added to various salads, combined with rice, bell peppers, mayonnaise, garlic and paprika. All possible methods are used for cooking, mushrooms can be pickled, salted, stewed, fried and boiled.

The taste is slightly bitter, the smell resembles the aroma of anise.

Benefits and harm to the body

Matsutake has antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. In addition, the use of the fungus helps to increase the protective properties of the body, since it contains a large number of useful substances presented in the table.

Regular consumption of rowan helps to improve the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, normalize blood sugar levels and stabilize pressure. It also helps to reduce nervous tension, improves performance and relieves fatigue. Removes toxins, improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and liver.

False doubles

Poison counterparts of matsutake are quite rare. A poisonous mushroom is easy to distinguish from an edible one, as it has bright features. The gray poison row is distinguished by its appearance, since its flesh has a dull gray color, the texture is uneven, slimy. Its use causes severe gastrointestinal disturbances.

White poison row, despite the name, does not have a white tint. Its color is inconspicuous, gray-white. Juveniles are practically odorless. However, when they break, a sharp and unpleasant odor appears. False specimens have a different color of the hat, it resembles the color of a leopard, has a large number of spots.

The view of the inedible row is shown in the photo.

Collection rules

It is recommended to collect a row in the autumn period, and the largest number of mushrooms can be observed during the first cold weather. The exact collection period depends on the specific area: in some regions, matsutake can be found as early as August. But it is best to go to the forest in the first autumn months, when the leaves begin to fall.

When harvesting matsutake, you can not pull out the mushroom, it is carefully cut with a knife so as not to damage the entire mycelium. They look for rowing in open areas, especially in areas where a large amount of moss grows. It is also found at the base of trees. A distinctive feature is that several mushrooms form a whole row.

Use

Matsutake mushrooms are subjected to heat treatment, they are also pickled and salted. Raw consumption is contraindicated. It is not recommended to eat old mushrooms, as they have the ability to accumulate anthropogenic pollution. With a large and too frequent eating, there may be disturbances in the digestive tract.

These mushrooms are used not only in cooking, but also in cosmetology and medicine. On their basis, some antibiotics, drugs for diabetics, as well as medicines for the treatment of cancer are produced. Matsutake is also used to treat skin diseases: it is used as a lotion.

How to grow a shod row

Growing a shod row is a rather complicated process. The algorithm is similar to growing mushrooms. The culture is laid in May, dry straw and horse manure or bird droppings can be used as soil. They can be grown in garden beds or at home. A prerequisite is compliance with the temperature regime – the air temperature should not fall below 15 ° C.

After planting, it is very important to create high humidity. You need to add soil, the average thickness of which is 5 cm. For successful cultivation, there must be a sufficient level of light, as well as fresh air.

If you want to grow matsutake, all requirements are taken into account on your own. Growing conditions must be suitable. It is best to use a summer cottage for these purposes, since at home these mushrooms do not have enough light and air, which leads to their death.

Conclusion

Matsutake is a rare mushroom, in order to find it, you need to make a lot of efforts, which will help the photo and description of the shod row. When collecting, they pay attention to their appearance and smell, as sometimes you can find a poisonous double, at first glance similar to an edible mushroom.