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Russula are tasty, healthy mushrooms that can be found throughout Our Country. But, unfortunately, mushroom pickers often come across false twins, which can lead to food poisoning. Russula spicy – a poisonous species that can be confused with edible specimens. In order not to harm the body, you need to know the description of the species, view the photo, study the first signs of poisoning and how to properly provide emergency care.
Where do russula grow spicy
Russula spicy, or sardonyx, grow in coniferous and mixed forests. The peak of growth occurs at the end of August and the beginning of September. Sardonyx mushroom prefers acidic, moist or peaty soil. Russula spicy prefers to grow in families in open sunny places.
What do russula look like spicy
So that there are no false twins in the basket, you need to know what spicy russula looks like, where and how they grow. Russula spicy belong to lamellar species. They are small and similar in appearance to edible species.
To know the differences between edible and poisonous russula, you need to view the photo.
Description of sardonyx russula
The cap of the russula spicy reaches a diameter of 3-10 cm. In young spicy russula it is convex, and with age it becomes thickened and flat with a pronounced darkened depression in the center. Red, purple or purple skin is not completely removed during cleaning. There is also a sardonyx variety with a lilac, purple or greenish-black tint.
The plates of the spicy russula are frequent, narrow, fused with the leg. In young mushrooms, they are painted in a pure cream color, and with age, the color changes to bright yellow.
The pulp of a cylindrical or spindle-shaped leg is white, dense, with a slight apple aroma and a sharp-bitter taste. In an adult sardonyx variety, the leg becomes flabby, empty and fibrous. The outer scales are often light red, lilac, or purple. The length of the leg is from 2 to 6 cm, the thickness is 10-18 mm.
Spore powder dirty cream color. The spores themselves have no color, but have an amyloid warty ornament and look like small ellipses 7×6 µm in size.
Is it possible to eat sardonyx russula
Russula spicy belongs to the 4th group of edibility, but many mushroom pickers believe that it is unsuitable for cooking.
Due to the strong bitterness and pungent taste, russula is not used for frying, stewing and pickling, but after prolonged soaking and boiling, the spicy variety can be used for pickling. But, as experienced mushroom pickers advise, it is better not to collect this variety, since with the wrong cooking technology it can cause food poisoning, especially in children, pregnant women, in people with kidney or liver failure and with a disease of the gastrointestinal tract.
How to distinguish russula spicy
The sardonyx variety can be confused with the edible species. But in order not to make a mistake in choosing, you need to know the differences:
- late appearance;
- dense pulp, which changes color when heated;
- bright yellow plates in old specimens;
- burning-bitter taste;
- bright hat color
- poor separation of the skin from the cap;
- faint apple smell;
- red reaction to ammonia.
Symptoms of poisoning with russula spicy
Spicy russula is an inedible species. Therefore, if he accidentally got into the basket, and then on the table, then you need to know the first symptoms of intoxication in order to wash the stomach and intestines in a timely manner.
The first signs appear after about 2-4 hours. But there are cases that intoxication begins after half an hour, after 5-7 hours or after a day. It all depends on certain factors:
- the amount of food eaten;
- the speed of assimilation of food;
- what dish was eaten: fried, stewed, salted or pickled;
- age of the victim and body weight.
Mushroom poison does not appear immediately, intoxication can begin after a few hours or days. Doctors distinguish 3 stages of food poisoning:
- Damage to the gastrointestinal tract. The duration of this stage depends on the amount of spicy mushrooms eaten.
- Temporary improvement. All previous symptoms are absent.
- Failure to provide assistance may result in damage to internal organs, the central nervous system and blood circulation.
In the first stage, the victim experiences nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In the future, sharp pains in the epigastric region, weakening of the pulse, weakness, sweating, lack of appetite and lowering blood pressure begin.
First aid for poisoning with spicy russula
When signs of intoxication appear, immediately begin treatment. Timely assistance is the key to a speedy recovery.
The spicy russula does not contain dangerous poisons and toxins in the pulp, therefore, after consumption, only a slight nutritional malaise can occur. At the initial stage of intoxication, it is necessary to wash the intestines and stomach.
To stop the absorption of toxins into the blood, the victim is given sorbents, such as activated charcoal (1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight). The intestines are cleansed with laxatives or enemas. It is better to give preference to medications, since folk remedies can be ineffective and begin to act after a few hours.
If it is difficult to induce vomiting, then they give a drink of saline or potassium permanganate, diluted with warm water to a pale pink color. You also need to increase fluid intake, up to 4-5 liters per day.
During intoxication, it is strictly forbidden to take antiemetic and fixing drugs. Since with the help of vomiting and diarrhea, the body fights poisons and toxins.
Spicy russula does not cause serious harm to the body, food intoxication passes quickly and without consequences.
During mushroom hunting, it must be remembered that a forest product can cause irreparable harm to the body. Therefore, you need to collect only familiar species. If in doubt, it is better to pass by in order to protect yourself and your loved ones.
Conclusion
Russula spicy – a poisonous mushroom, the use of which can cause mild food poisoning. In order not to make a mistake when collecting and not to collect a whole basket of false russula, you need to know the distinguishing features.