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Roses have been grown for decorative purposes for more than 5 thousand years. During this time, people have become so fond of the plant that it is already difficult to imagine flower beds without beautiful and delicate roses. From the point of view of archaeologists, the rose has been a wild flower for millions of years. Later, it began to grow in all corners of the earth. Breeders were able to bring out hundreds of varieties that differ in shapes and colors.
According to rough estimates, garden roses include from 200 to 400 varieties, which, in turn, are divided into 40 different types. They are distinguished not only by the appearance of the flowers, but also by the structure of the plant itself. Roses can be bush roses or have only one straight stem, dwarf or tall, spread along the surface of the earth or curl on a support. Also, each flower has its own special fragrance or none at all. And the variety of colors is simply amazing, they can be plain or combine several colors, bright or pastel. Such a large selection allows you to arrange a flower garden for every taste. Some types of garden roses are quite popular in our area, while others only appear in shops and flower beds. It is worth taking a closer look at each of them, as well as seeing their features and photos.
Tea Hybrid Roses
This species includes a large number of varieties. For the first time, the tea-hybrid species appeared in 1867 by accidental crossing. In the future, breeders managed to breed flowers of various colors, differing in the shape and size of the bud.
These plants are low erect bushes with large leaves. The height of the bushes may vary depending on the variety, on average from 60 cm to 80 cm. The size of the flowers is average, from 10 cm to 12 cm in diameter. They can be single or collected in inflorescences. The flowers are goblet-shaped, and the young buds are elongated and pointed.
Flowering lasts about a month, after which the early varieties have a 15-day break, and the late varieties have a 30-day break. Further, the bush begins to bloom again. New buds form until mid-autumn.
ground cover view
This variety of garden rose was bred in the 1970s. It differs from other species in its open shoots and small flowers. Miniature varieties and climbing rose Vihura were taken as a basis. Thanks to this relationship, different types of ground cover roses were obtained:
- plants with small flowers and very flexible horizontal shoots, capable of growing one and a half meters wide and half a meter high;
- plants with large flowers, growing in height more than half a meter, and in width – about one and a half meters;
- plants with small drooping flowers and hard arched shoots that can spread in width at a distance of about one and a half meters, and reach up to 1 meter in height;
- plants with large drooping flowers, growing over 1 meter in height and 1,5 meters in width.
Such flowers are able to tightly cover the ground, as if with a carpet. Great for garden landscaping. Able to get into even the most inaccessible places where other flowers would have taken root with difficulty.
Climbing roses
A large number of different varieties were used to create the species. The wild climbing rose Multiflora, Vihura rose, varieties of hybrid tea rose and floribunda were taken as the basis.
Varieties are great for decorating a garden plot. With their help, you can not only decorate the fences and fences of flower beds, but also hide the flaws and extensions in your yard. Even the trunks of dried trees are suitable as a support. Climbing varieties will not only hide everything unnecessary, but also make a wonderful flower arrangement out of ordinary things. How it might look is well shown in the photo.
Floribunda
To create a species, multiple crosses of various varieties were carried out. Officially, this species was recognized in 1952. Floribunda bush rose is a compact plant. The height of the bush can be very different, there are both undersized plants and tall ones. Inflorescences are terry, semi-double or simple, usually collected in lush inflorescences. In appearance, the buds can be confused with hybrid tea varieties.
Some varieties of Floribunda have a pronounced aroma. Suitable for planting in front of flower beds and near borders. Their flowering period is considered the longest. Even cut, they can stand for a very long time, while maintaining freshness and aroma. Grown as a bush or stem tree. You can form a bush as shown in the photo.
Wine
This species was bred relatively recently. This group includes many varieties of garden roses that do not fit the description of other species.
The characteristic features of the species include:
- It is not possible to name a specific form of flowers. They can be terry, plain, nostalgic and vintage. The color of flowers also has a wide variety.
- Shrabs bloom for a long time, starting in June and ending in late autumn. Most varieties have a pleasant fragrant aroma.
- Most varieties are tall, and can reach up to 2 meters in height, some require support. They are distinguished by very rapid and rapid growth of shoots.
- They have high disease resistance, unpretentious. In winter, they do not require dense shelters.
Species roses
These shrubs came to us from Korea and Japan. The bush has long climbing branches, generously strewn with paired hook-shaped thorns. Intense green leaves. The most common species roses are white, rarely pink. Buds form pyramidal inflorescences. After the end of the flowering period, red fruits are formed on the bush, which can remain on it until spring. The flowering period is short, only a month, from June to July.
The best place to grow will be a bright sunny area. Unpretentious to the soil and care. The height of the bush can be different, from 60 cm to 150 cm in height. The plant is spreading, and can reach up to 3 meters in width.
Miniature Roses
This species is similar to dwarf forms of polyanthus roses. The bushes are compact and neat, often there are plants in the shape of a ball. The diameter of the bush is on average about 20 centimeters. The flowers have a pleasant aroma, small, up to 4 centimeters. The shape of the flowers resembles hybrid tea varieties, they can be single or form inflorescences. The color is very different, most often very bright.
There are moss and climbing varieties of miniature roses. Mosses are able to release aromatic substances. Climbing varieties have long branches, abundantly showered with small flowers. The flowering period is quite long. In room conditions, you can enjoy flowering all year round, with breaks of 60 days.
The fragile appearance of these flowers is not at all true. They are very hardy and strong. Grow in the most unsuitable conditions, both outdoors and indoors. Resistant to frost and fungal diseases.
Polyanthus roses
Polyanthus roses came to us from France. They are among the most profusely flowering species. The flowers are small, from 2 cm to 4 cm. Inflorescences may consist of twenty or even one hundred flowers. The flowering period is long, from June to mid-autumn.
The bush is compact, strongly branched, up to 60 centimeters in height. There is no smell. Flowers of different colors, red, pink, orange or white.
Also, by crossing hybrid tea varieties with polyanthus, roses with larger flowers were bred. They are more popular than the classic version. Inflorescences on such bushes are located at the end of the branches, as shown in the photo.
Repair roses
As garden flowers, remontant roses were grown as early as 1837. For about 70 years they were at the peak of popularity. At this time, up to 4 thousand varieties of this species were bred. They can bloom 2 times during the summer, are resistant to temperature changes, tolerate cold well.
The plant is bushy, tall, about 1,6 m in height. The flowers are rounded, cup-shaped with a pronounced aroma. Bloom profusely in spring, more moderately in summer. The color of the flowers is varied, from light to dark red shades.
Tea roses
Probably the most popular flowers. They are valued for the beautiful shape of the flowers and delicate color. Previously, the branches of these flowers were very fragile, and broke at the slightest impact. Because of this, many attempts were made to cross with other species. After crossing tea roses with Bourbon roses, it was possible to develop roses with thick branches and good health.
Golden, pink and red tea roses are very popular. The color gradation makes them even more beautiful and refined. Such bushes can decorate any area.
French roses
They are one of the most ancient species. Poets of the Middle Ages sang them in their works. The bush of these flowers is compact and not very sprawling. The branches are raised, densely dotted with thorns. The flowering period is short, from June to July. Therefore, you should not miss this time to admire their flowers to your heart’s content. The photo shows how beautiful they are.
Varieties of French roses are divided into double and semi-double. The color of the flowers is red or purple. Such colors are considered rare for roses. French roses are also special in that they have a pronounced pleasant aroma. Growing them is easy. The variety is unpretentious and hardy. It tolerates frost well, does not require dense shelters.
Conclusion
Garden roses include a large number of beautiful varieties. They have been flaunting in the flowerbeds of many flower growers for a long time. A variety of shapes and colors allows you to decorate your site for every taste. Garden varieties of roses can grow both singly and in a bush. Some require support, while others creep along the ground. Photos and videos can only partially convey the beauty of the flowering of these plants. It is best to admire them live.
