Ribosomes are small cell organelles that play a major role in protein synthesis. They are made of RNA acid and proteins. They are found in the cells of animals and plants as well as unicellular organisms. These tiny organelles are composed of small and large subunits.
Ribosomes – How Do We Know About Them?
The world first heard of these organelles in the XNUMXs. For an explorer ribosomes an American cytologist is considered, George Emila Paladewhich, using an electron microscope, noticed, then extracted and examined, rybosomy derived from a prokaryotic cell. In the following years, researchers began researching rybosomamifocusing on, inter alia, on the issue of their structure, taking into account the functions of the smaller and larger subunits. Palades for his discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1974. His successors, Ramakrishnan, Steitz and Jonath, engaged in detailed research and experiments explaining the functions and characteristics ribosomes, they won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. It happened in 2009. However, the research on rybosomami. Many scientists are still trying to determine if rybosomy they have some more functions or hidden features, devoting their entire scientific career to it. Many of them are convinced that rybosomy not only do they make up our cells, but they can also help us to better absorb drugs. They are currently being tested for their usefulness in the development of medical preparations with antibacterial or antibiotic properties.
Ribosomes – functions
Rybosomy are organelles located in the cell. They are made up of 79 different proteins with nucleic acids (RNA molecules) that are used to make proteins for the entire body. The presence of rRNA nucleic acid in the composition guarantees activity, while proteins – work efficiency.
Rybosomy unicellular organisms are much more sensitive to toxins and aggressive bacteria than rybosomy multicellular organisms, i.e. animals and plants. This fact is used in science in the field of research on antibacterial drugs and antibiotics.
See also: Ribomunyl – a bacterial preparation with immunostimulating properties