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Raspberry Brigantina has secrets that allow the variety to remain in demand.
Agrotechnics of the drought-resistant undemanding variety Brigantina is somewhat different from the usual care for raspberries. Performing simple tricks will help you get large yields of sweet berries.
Mystery Brigantine
Given the speed of the emergence of new varieties, Brigantine raspberries can be called an old variety, which is time for “retirement”. But the amazing thing is that in the catalogs of trade organizations the medium-late raspberry variety Brigantina is still listed, which means it is for sale! And if you look at customer reviews, grades, compare photos of the Brigantine, then the discrepancies on many points seem incomprehensible. Some have small berries – weight 2,7 grams, sour, others have large berries – 4 or more grams, sweet. According to the breeder I.V. Kazakov, who bred this variety, Brigantina is able to reveal amazing properties. You just need to know the features of the Brigantine raspberry, create conditions for unlocking the full potential.
Pomology
The mid-late raspberry Brigantina has given birth to many new varieties. It is suitable for cultivation in Central Our Country, Western Siberia, the Urals. Brigantina bush 1,8-2 m high, corrugated leaves. Shoots are straight-growing, strong, covered with thorns, do not crack, frost-resistant. Round, slightly taper berries, sour-sweet, juicy. The good density of raspberries allows them to be transported over long distances. The yield of raspberry varieties Brigantine – depending on the care varies from 2 to 5 kg. The flowering of Brigantine occurs at the end of June, the August ripening is friendly. The berries are numerous, do not crumble, easily separated from the stalk. Variety Brigantina unpretentious, resistant to drought, fungal diseases.
Landings
Raspberry Brigantina is a variety of a two-year development cycle. Shoots grow first, berries appear in the second year. Raspberry seedlings Brigantine should be planted in places well lit by the sun. Then the berries become sweet and fragrant. The most suitable soil is medium and light loam, rich in nutrients, easily permeable by oxygen, quickly warmed up. Heavy loams are not suitable for planting raspberries of the Brigantine variety, they must be improved in the fall, bringing in for digging: sand – 2 buckets, humus – 3 buckets, wood ash – half a bucket. (Calculation per 1 sq. m.).
The installation of a trellis contributes to obtaining a bountiful harvest of raspberries of the Brigantine variety. The poles are placed after 2,5 m, two wires are pulled in the sheath – otherwise the stems will get sunburn. The lower wire is at a distance of 50 cm from the ground, the upper one is 1,5 m. The rows of the structure, directed from west to east, contribute to better illumination of the Brigantine bushes.
A trench 50 cm deep and 60 cm wide is dug along the trellis. Above the ground, the fence should protrude by 20-25 cm. The bottom is covered with humus – a layer of 5 cm, with the addition of wood ash – a liter jar per 1 bucket.
It is better to plant raspberries of the Brigantine variety in the fall – the last decade of September, the beginning of October. Raspberry seedlings are shortened to 50 cm. Pruning contributes to greater survival, the formation of the root system, and the abundant growth of shoots. The distance between plants is 80-100 cm, in rows – 2 m.
Brigantine seedlings are covered with nutrient soil to the level of the root collar. Watered – 5 liters per plant. Mandatory mulching with humus, compost is not an easy task, but it allows you to abandon the laborious processes of caring for raspberries in the future: watering, weeding and loosening. It is better to sow wide aisles of raspberry varieties Brigantina with lawn grass, clover. This will prevent overgrowing with weeds, increase soil fertility.
Trimming
The increase in the yield of the Brigantina variety is facilitated by the correct formation of the bush, which begins with spring pruning.
After the snow melts at ground level, weak ones are cut out – less than the diameter of a pencil, broken, frozen shoots. 15-20 main stems should be left, which are shortened to the top strong point. In July, pinch out the emerging shoots of the main stem.
After harvesting, it is necessary to remove the fruiting shoots.
In autumn, on the bushes of the Brigantine, broken, diseased, thin shoots are removed. A properly formed bush goes into winter with 15-18 mature stems.
Mulching
Humus, which is a product of the vital activity of microorganisms and earthworms, affects the yield – an increase of up to 70%, taste – increases sugar content, aroma. Mulching plantings of raspberry variety Brigantina with organic matter will create an environment conducive to the rapid development of fertility assistants. As a mulch you can use:
- rotted manure;
- Compost;
- crushed plant residues;
- Grass without seeds;
- Last year’s foliage of trees.
The layer of mulch on the beds with raspberries Brigantine should be double: first, foliage is laid, chopped plant residues – 10 cm, then humus or compost – 10 cm.
Constant mulching of raspberry bushes of the Brigantina variety simplifies care: the number of waterings is reduced, the loosening process is excluded.
Additional fertilizing
Laying mulch on the beds of raspberry variety Brigantina does not immediately give results, especially after mineral fertilizers. To create favorable conditions for the development of the Brigantine bush, liquid fertilizing with organic fertilizers, which are easy to prepare, helps. Any capacious container (except iron) is filled by a third with manure, poured with water, insisted for 3 days. Stir. The resulting slurry is diluted with water – 1 liter of infusion per bucket.
Manure can be replaced with any non-seeded herbs. The most useful is nettle. Suitable for legume plants. 5-7 kg of green mass is poured with water, insisted for 10 days. A liter of the solution is diluted in 5 liters of water, half a glass of ash is added, stirred, spent on 1-2 bushes.
Top dressing should be carried out as the mulch dries up, but at least 4 times. In rainy summers, the amount of top dressing is reduced. Raspberry Brigantine does not like waterlogging.
Watering
Many raspberry varieties, depending on the weather, require 5-7 waterings. The presence of mulch under the bushes reduces the amount by half. Variety Brigantina is drought-resistant. Soil moisture and rain are enough to get a bountiful harvest. The exception is dry summers. During the period of pouring berries – the end of June, 1 watering of deep moistening is carried out. Other waterings for raspberries of the Brigantine variety are not required.
Loosening
Fine or deep loosening affects the raspberry horse system – lateral surface growth occurs at a level of 10-12 cm. Injury stops growth, reduces raspberry yield. Mulching protects the beds from weeds, helps to retain moisture, provides a loosened state of the soil, sufficient for the Brigantina variety.
vermin
There are enough insects using raspberries of the Brigantine variety for food and reproduction. Some feed on petals and nectar, others on juice, and others on the contents of the stems. In addition, some insects are carriers of infectious and viral diseases that reduce yields and worsen the quality of Brigantine seedlings. Among the most zealous should be called:
- stem fly;
- Stem raspberry gall midge;
- Raspberry beetle;
- Runaway gall midge;
- Spider mite;
- Long-nosed.
Severe damage to the shoots of the raspberry variety Brigantina causes stem fly. The May flight of the insect is the beginning of laying eggs on the tops of the stems. Shoots wither, blacken, die.
Another pest of Brigantine stems is raspberry gall midge. During the flowering period, the females lay their eggs on young shoots, which the larvae feed on. Swellings – galls, serve as a wintering place.
grayish fine raspberry beetle, hibernates in the ground, comes out with the onset of heat. The main food for the beetle are the flowers of fruit trees, honeysuckle, currants. Moving to raspberries, it eats out the buds, the first leaves. Beetle larvae feed on the receptacle, contributing to the worminess of the berries.
The damaged bark of raspberry shoots becomes a haven gall midge. The female lays eggs – 160-200 pcs. The larvae live in colonies, using the plant for food. The bush dries up, dies.
The dense plantings of Brigantine attract spider mite. Reproducing, especially in dry years, it strongly infects raspberry leaves. Turning yellow and curling, they fall prematurely. The stems do not ripen well, frost resistance decreases. The females overwinter on the leaves.
Brigantine’s aggressive bud destroyer is raspberry-strawberry weevil. At first, the beetle feeds on strawberries, then moves to raspberries, destroying more than half of the buds.
Diseases
Insects contribute to the development of viral and fungal diseases on raspberries of the Brigantina variety, such as:
- leaf curl;
- Rust;
- Botrytis;
- Anthracnose;
- Spotting.
A plant that is sick leaf curl, remains green or covered with a touch of yellowness. It is a carrier of the virus and must be removed.
Signs of rust – yellow-orange tubercles, first appear on the leaves, which later turn black. The stem species damages the basal part of the shoot. The affected area turns brown, covered with ulcers, the stem becomes flat. Shedding of leaves, drying of the stems leads to the death of the bush.
Dark coating on berries, called gray mold, is evidence of a fungal disease – botrytis. The berries rot, spread, carry the disease to the stems and leaves.
The high humidity of raspberry contributes to the appearance anthracnose – a fungal disease that affects stems, leaves, berries. A weakened plant does not tolerate winter frosts well, it dies.
The formation of purple on the leaves, starting in rainy summer, is caused by a fungal disease – purple spotting. In August, the leaves dry up, crack, fall off, which leads to the death of the bush.
Protection measures
Before choosing a way to control pests and diseases of raspberry variety Brigantina, you should know: each type of insect has individuals that stably breed in a poisonous environment. It is they who will give numerous offspring that are resistant to pesticides. Next year there will be more pests, the doses of chemistry will have to be increased.
The stability of the culture is extremely dependent on the fertility of the soil. A strong plant is able to resist various insects and diseases. Therefore, the best ways to protect plants are:
- Planting healthy seedlings of the Brigantina raspberry variety, purchased from reliable suppliers;
- Correct formation of the bush;
- Mulching beds;
- Sod row spacing;
- Spraying with infusions of nettle, yarrow, celandine, repelling insects;
- Transfer of the plantation of raspberry variety Brigantina to a new place in 10 years.
Reviews
Conclusion
Raspberry varieties Brigantina, like a sailing ship, after which it is named, with improper agricultural technology, it goes beyond the horizon – it hides the best qualities. Compliance with the recommendations allows you to see the raspberry in all its glory – to get excellent yields of the old reliable variety.
