Radishes: planting and care in the open field, sowing dates in March, April, growing secrets, planting scheme

For many gardeners, the most favorite garden vegetable is radish, which hits the table before other root crops. To obtain an excellent early harvest, radishes are planted in the spring in open ground. During cultivation, the characteristics of the culture should be taken into account, although it is considered unpretentious in care.

When to sow radishes outdoors in spring

There are no difficulties in cultivating a garden root crop, so even an inexperienced gardener can handle this process. The main thing is to calculate the optimal period of landing work. It is necessary to take into account such important points:

• At air temperature within 0-10 ⁰From the seed material slowly pecks and sprouts.
• If the weather is warm, then the seeds germinate in 1-2 weeks.

While other vegetable crops are in the growth stage, juicy radishes can make up for the lack of vitamins after a long winter period.

Radish planting lunar calendar for 2021

According to gardeners, it is desirable that the planting of radishes in open ground with seeds be consistent with the days indicated in the lunar cycle calendar. True, for many reasons, some people fail to sow the root crop in a favorable period.

It must be remembered that this root crop is forbidden to be sown on the days of the Full Moon or New Moon. This should be taken into account when sowing planting material in early spring.

According to the lunar calendar, favorable and unfavorable periods for sowing a root crop in the spring of 2021:

When to plant radishes in the Krasnodar Territory

Kuban is an extremely huge region. In Krasnodar, gardeners practice growing radishes in the open field around the second / third decade of March, that is, after the 15-20th.

To extend the collection of root crops, it is possible to sow the seed material again in a couple of weeks and continue this way until the end of May. Here you should focus on regional, atmospheric and meteorological features.

When to plant radishes in the regions

In other regions, gardeners are mainly guided by weather conditions. As soon as the snow layer melts in early spring, and the sun warms the earth well, you can start sowing.

Estimated landing dates in the following regions will also depend on the meteorological and atmospheric features of the regions.

At what temperature can radishes be sown

Radish seeds germinate most quickly when the temperature rises to + 10^—15 ⁰C. Germination occurs within 2 weeks or even less. When the air temperature is above + 16 ⁰From the first green shoots may appear already on the fourth day.

Note that the most acceptable temperature regime for growing a high-quality crop is + 18-20 ° С. At higher air temperatures, garden vegetation may begin to shoot. She throws out a peduncle and does not form a fruit.

Do I need to soak radish seeds before planting?

Gardeners first, according to the lunar calendar, choose the days of planting radishes in March, and then they begin to prepare the seeds. To stimulate growth, it is recommended to soak the seed material in various regulators, it can be Zircon or Epin. This procedure strengthens the immunity of plants.

Before planting, radish seeds are soaked in a manganese solution for 20 minutes, then washed with clean water. The color of the flushing liquid should be dark pink. This will help to disinfect the seed material.

You can also germinate the seeds by wrapping them in a damp cloth. So they will give higher germination rates.

How to soak radish seeds before planting

After buying radish seeds in a store, they are examined, sorted out if necessary, or sized in size using a fine sieve. The best germination is in seeds with a diameter of 3 mm. They produce strong roots.

Before sowing the seeds, they should be soaked or you can hold them in a damp cloth for a day. Some gardeners practice soaking seeds in hot water for a quarter of an hour. This method will protect the radish from diseases. After that, you can treat the garden crop with a growth stimulator.

Radishes planting equipment

In farms, various types of seeders are used for sowing root crops. In home gardens, gardeners use folk wisdom in the form of egg trays. A board for planting radishes can also be used, where holes are drilled along its entire length at the same distance through which seeds are sown.

Types of seeders:

• Seeder for motoblock. It is sown simultaneously in 6-8 rows.
• The tractor-type seeder covers a large area of ​​sowing. They are used on an industrial scale. For sowing – 12 rows or more.
• Seeder of manual type on a wheel to the course with the batcher for seeds.

A very convenient option that many gardeners have fallen in love with is egg trays. After sowing, it is not necessary to thin out young green shoots. In cellular holes, the bottom is cut off, after which they are laid down with holes on loose soil. Each point is filled with a soil substrate and sown one seed nucleolus. Care and watering is normal.

How to plant radish seeds

To obtain good yields of garden crops, seed material must be sown on the allowed dates. The area for radishes is prepared in advance. Seed nucleoli are processed, and gardeners carry out a number of preparatory activities.

Then you can plant radishes

It is advisable to sow radishes in open ground in the spring at the end of March (orientation to your region). For this garden vegetable, many crops are good predecessors.

Radish grows well in mixed plantings with various greens.

Soil preparation for outdoor radishes

This horticultural crop develops best in well-lit areas where ultraviolet rays warm the ground before and after lunchtime. The beds should be protected from dry winds. The soil suits light, loosened and with neutral or weak acidity.

Usually, the planting of radishes according to the lunar calendar of 2021 takes place in the second or third decade of March. It is better to prepare the beds for crops in the fall. Root crops respond positively to organic matter in the form of rotted compost. 1 m² leaves up to 7-8 kg of fertilizer. It is undesirable to use fresh manure.

How to sow radishes in open ground with seeds

When growing, the following scheme for planting radishes in open ground is used, taking into account the implementation of such operations:

1. The soil is leveled, sowing furrows are marked.
2. Store between rows up to 10 cm.
3. Embedding of seed material to a depth of 1 cm.
4. The furrows are watered with boiling water.
5. After a while, seeds are sown with one ribbon after 4-5 cm.
6. Crops are sprinkled on top with loose soil and slapped with the palm of your hand.
7. Watered by sprinkling.

The first shoots in warm weather will appear in 3-4 days.

How to plant radish seedlings

To get an earlier harvest of radishes, some gardeners prefer to plant this garden crop in the form of seedlings. Although the vegetable normally tolerates cool weather, it will still develop better and faster after planting in seedlings.

Seedlings are planted in nutritious and loose soil. It must pass moisture and air well. The place should be lit by sunlight.

What can be planted next to radishes

The most favorable neighbors in the garden for radishes are leaf and head salads. With their foliage, they save the vegetable from the attacks of the cruciferous flea. Bush beans effectively repel radish pests. Thanks to such a pleasant neighborhood, the taste of the root crop becomes better for the radish.

Growing and caring for radishes outdoors

A common method of planting radishes is furrows. The soil is leveled, furrow depressions are made and pre-soaked and treated seeds are sown at a distance of 4-5 cm from each other

For cutting rows, it is convenient to use a Fokin flat cutter. After the appearance of young shoots, the vegetable is spudded with it. Caring for radishes is the same as for other garden crops. It includes regular watering, fertilizing, loosening the soil.

When do radishes sprout after planting?

Before sowing a crop, you need to know the ideal timing for planting radishes in open ground to get friendly shoots.

So that the seedlings are not damaged and not frozen, at first they can be covered from above with plastic wrap for the night. In the morning, it is raised so that the radish breathes.

Watering and fertilizing schedule

Further care for garden crops is as follows:

• Radish is a moisture-loving plant. Therefore, the culture is watered 1 time in 3 days. In the dry spring period, radishes need to be watered every evening to maintain the yield of the vegetable. It is impossible to allow the top layer of soil to dry out, this causes loss of taste and bitterness. Regular watering is required to form a normal root crop.
• For top dressing, it is better to use humus mixture or compost. Any kind of organics and mineral complexes will do. Do not add manure of the current year to the wells, otherwise the root crop will be empty inside.

Thinning

One of the early spring vegetables is the radish. The secrets of growing this crop are simple – sow one seed kernel at a time so as not to thin out. Pulling damages the young roots of the plant, which adversely affects the yield of radishes. In addition, the plant may begin to shoot.

When the first shoots appear, they can be spudded with a Fokin flat cutter. If the plantings nevertheless turned out to be thickened, they are thinned out at the stage of the primary pair of leaves. Between root crops leave a distance of up to 5 cm. Loosen the top layer of soil regularly to provide oxygen to the roots.

What can be planted after radishes

After radishes, tomatoes and eggplants grow best. While the root crop is being poured, these garden crops are grown as seedlings. When the area is vacated after harvesting radishes, seedlings of tomatoes and eggplants are planted in this place.

For them, radish is an ideal predecessor, since crops do not have common diseases and pests. The smell of tomato leaves repels cruciferous fly, aphids. For the same reasons, after radishes, you can sow melons, beans, peas, many types of greens – lettuce, parsley, dill, onions on a feather.

Possible problems and methods of solving them

In late spring and early summer, cruciferous fly can attack the radish foliage, which can destroy most of the crop. The most effective way to deal with it is to cover the garden crop with lutrasil.

With later sowing of radishes, when the air temperature rises above + 20-22 ° C, the likelihood of the formation of coarse root crops increases. The radish does not normally form a fruit, instead going into an arrow.

Shooting can also occur for other reasons, for example, due to insufficient moisture during the period of root formation. The same thing happens when sowing seeds in cold weather at a temperature of + 8-10 ⁰C.

Why radishes don’t form roots

Gardeners quite often face such a problem as stretching a plant, which does not allow the root crop and real leaves to form normally.

There can be many reasons for this:

• Air temperature above + 23-25 ⁰C.
• Depleted soil.
• The landing site is poorly lit by sunlight.
• Insufficient watering.

If radishes are grown in a greenhouse, it should be ventilated more often. The soil needs to be fertilized with rotted compost. Sow radishes in an open area with plenty of light.

How to spray a radish from a flea

When a culture is damaged by a cruciferous flea, first of all, the root system of the radish and its root crop suffer. A flea is capable of jumping up to 50 cm. It is especially dangerous in a dry spring. During this period, the insect can literally destroy most of the foliage of the plant in just a couple of days.

Chemicals for spraying radishes are not used. In the course are folk remedies. Wood ash works best against fleas. It must be mixed in equal proportions with tobacco pollen. Then powder the young shoots with this mixture. Repeat the procedure after 3-4 days.

Why is radish bitter?

Radish initially has a slight bitter taste due to the presence of mustard oil in the root. This is what gives the vegetable a spicy bitter taste. In cases where bitterness exceeds the norm, you need to look for reasons.

As a rule, at the stage of plant development there was insufficient watering, and after all, radishes are moisture-loving crops, and this should not be forgotten when growing. The beginning of summer is usually hot. It is advisable to water the radish abundantly twice a day.

Bitterness also occurs in the old root crop. And, even more so, when the plant began to throw out an arrow. To slow down the aging of garden crops, gardeners cover plantings with an opaque fabric through which air passes well.

Pests and diseases

It is important to regularly inspect plantings of radish crops in order to timely identify the focus of localization of harmful insects or root diseases. When a problem is recognized, protective and preventive measures should be taken.

The most dangerous enemies of radish are cruciferous flea, cabbage fly, aphids, thrips. Among the diseases, downy mildew, blackleg, keel, slimy bacteriosis can occur. For this reason, the predecessor of radish should not be cabbage.

Conclusion

Having become acquainted with such a garden crop as radish, the secrets of growing this root crop no longer seem to be something complicated. Planting radishes in spring in open ground is carried out using various folk planting devices. It is important to use them so as not to break through young stems and not disturb the root system. The culture in care is unpretentious, rich in vitamins and has excellent taste.