Potato Ivan da Marya

Potatoes are the second bread. To get a decent harvest, you need to choose a good variety. One of them is the late-ripening Ivan da Marya.

History of origin

Holland is famous for its potato cultivation technology and its excellent varieties. From this country they are exported all over the world. So once the Picasso variety came to us. It was created by AGRICO UA. Outwardly, the tubers resemble an artist’s palette: an unusual combination of light crimson and yellowish colors on each of them gives them originality. Since 1995, when it was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, potatoes have been cultivated in the central region of Our Country. More than 20 years of folk selection and selection have given rise to local clones. That is how the potato Ivan da Marya appeared. The unusual appearance gave rise to many names: Little Red Riding Hood, Gorbachevka, Matryoshka. Here he is in the photo.

Description and characteristics

Ivan da Marya potatoes ripen late. For a full vegetation cycle of this variety, it takes from 110 to 130 days, depending on the weather. Tuberization in Ivan da Marya is high: each bush can produce up to twenty tubers with an average weight of about 120 grams. The high marketability of the resulting crop is also pleasing – more than 90%. Ivan da Marya potatoes are suitable for growing in the Central Black Earth and Central regions. Each one has a different yield. If in the Central region you can collect up to 320 kg per hundred square meters, then in the Central Black Earth region – only 190 kilograms from the same area.

Potatoes are not too starchy. Depending on growing conditions, the starch content in tubers ranges from 7,9% to 13,5%. Therefore, the taste can be satisfactory or good. But the tubers of Ivan da Marya are stored well. About 90% of the harvested crop remains intact until spring.

The potato bush Ivan da Marya is tall with straight stems, well leafy. It blooms with creamy white flowers that quickly fall off without forming berries.

Potato tubers Ivan da Marya are remarkable for their multi-colored color. On a yellow background, pink spots and small eyes of the same color stand out brightly. Inside the pulp has a cream color.

The production of seed tubers of this Dutchman has been mastered by many seed farms in Our Country. It can be bought at Oktyabrskoye CJSC in the Leningrad Region, at Meristemnye Kultury LLC in the Stavropol Territory, at the Elite Potato agricultural firm and at the All- Research Institute of Potato Farming. Lorch.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any other variety, Ivan da Marya has its advantages and disadvantages. They can be summarized in a table.

Landing

Only properly planted potatoes will give a full harvest. There are many different landing methods. Let’s stick with the traditional. Before planting potatoes, the tubers must be germinated.

Germination

It will take about a month for Ivan da Marya potato tubers to form strong sprouts. Germination conditions:

• lay out the tubers in one or two layers in the light;
• for about 10 days we maintain a temperature of about 20 degrees, during which time the sleeping eyes will wake up;
• during the remaining 20 days we maintain the temperature no higher than 15 degrees;
• during this time, the tubers need to be turned over several times so that they form sprouts evenly.

For more information about sprouting potatoes, see the video:

Terms of planting

This is a very important point. Potatoes planted too early will freeze and germinate for a long time, and may even rot completely. If you are late with landing, the earth will dry out, it simply does not have enough moisture. All this will significantly reduce the yield. Even our ancestors began to plant potatoes when it was not cold on the ground with a bare foot. If we translate this rule into modern language, the temperature of the soil at a depth of half the bayonet of a shovel should be about 10 degrees Celsius. Usually this moment coincides with the appearance of leaves on the birch and the beginning of bird cherry blossoms.

Rules of landing

It would seem that everything is simple: put the potatoes in a hole and covered it with earth. But there are subtleties here too:

• the distance between rows for late varieties, namely, Ivan da Marya potatoes belong to them, should be about 70 cm;
• distance between tubers in a row – from 30 to 35 cm;
• for better lighting, the rows are arranged from north to south.

For planting, tubers the size of a chicken egg are best suited. You can plant smaller ones, but then more often. Planting holes are filled with humus or compost – about 1 liter, ash – about a tablespoon and a teaspoon of complex mineral fertilizer with trace elements. It is better if it is specially designed for potatoes.

The roots of the plant are located above the tuber. If food is placed at the bottom of the hole, it will be difficult for growing potatoes to use it.

It remains to fill the holes with earth.

You can watch the video about the various ways of planting potatoes:

Care

To get a good potato harvest, you have to work hard. Plant tubers and forget about it until harvesting will not work. At best, it will be possible to collect a handful of potatoes the size of a pea. All agrotechnical measures for the care of plants must be carried out on time and in full:

• weed and loosen, preferably after each rain or watering;
• water in dry weather. Potato Ivan da Marya is especially demanding on moisture at the stage of tuberization.

  

• it will be necessary to carry out hilling and root and foliar top dressing in time;
• care will also need to be taken to protect Ivan da Marya potatoes from diseases and pests.

Hilling and top dressing

Gardeners often argue about whether to spud potatoes. Conventional technology considers this operation mandatory.

Hilling

What are the advantages of hilling:

• Moisture is better retained in the soil.
• The tubers are not exposed and do not turn green.
• The air regime of the soil improves.
• In hot weather, the soil does not overheat and the tubers do not bake in it.
• The overall yield is increased.

According to the classical technology, hilling is carried out twice: the first – when the sprouts reach a height of about 14 cm, the second – after two to three weeks, this usually coincides with the flowering of potatoes.

In those regions where return frosts are repeated with enviable constancy, you should not wait until the potatoes grow to the desired size. It is better to spud seedlings as soon as they appear: this will save them from freezing.

Often, another hilling may be necessary if the young tubers are on the surface of the soil. When carrying out this procedure, it is important:

• do it early in the morning or late in the evening;
• after rain or watering.

It is necessary to carry out hilling very carefully, raking the soil from the row-spacing.

Additional fertilizing

Potatoes take a lot of nutrients out of the soil. In order for the harvest to please, you will need 3 root dressings.

• A month after planting, 10 g of urea and potassium sulfate and 20 g of superphosphate are dissolved in a bucket of water. This amount is enough to feed one square meter of plantings. You can apply dry fertilizer between the rows, but then you need good watering. Even at the first stage of growth, it is impossible to overdo it with nitrogen fertilizers, the tops will be very good, and few tubers will form.
• The second top dressing is carried out in the budding phase.
• The third – at the end of flowering.

Foliar top dressing will also be required. If the development of plants is slow, they can be fed with a weak solution of urea – 10 g per bucket. During budding, it will be useful to spray with a solution of a complete mineral fertilizer with microelements – 15 g per bucket.

So that there are no voids in the large tubers of Ivan da Marya potatoes, and the taste improves, during tuberization, foliar top dressing is carried out with a solution of Mag-Bor fertilizer – a tablespoon in a bucket of water.

A very good effect during the ripening of tubers is given by foliar top dressing with phosphorus. For her, you need to dissolve 20 grams of superphosphate in 10 liters of water. You need to insist the solution for two days, not forgetting to stir. For spraying, a liter of solution per hundred square meters is enough.

Diseases and pests

Viral and fungal diseases bring the most harm to potatoes.

Viral diseases

There are many viruses that infect potatoes. They can significantly reduce the yield, depending on the pathogen – from 10 to 80% of the potato is lost. When planting potatoes obtained from seeds – super super elite and super elite, it is free from viruses. Infection occurs with the help of pests. Over time, viruses accumulate, and the so-called degeneration of the potato occurs.

Various specks, stripes or wrinkling of the leaves speak of virus damage. There is no means to combat viruses on potatoes. It is necessary to carry out biological cleaning, inspecting the bushes. All suspicious ones are dug up, and the tops are burned.

Fungal diseases

All gardeners know about late blight and diligently fight it by processing tomatoes. But potatoes need no less processing, since the outbreak of the disease begins with it. It can affect all parts of the plant, manifesting itself as blurry weeping spots on the leaves, from the inside of which a white coating of spores is visible. Brown hard spots appear on the tubers. Potato Ivan da Marya is not resistant to late blight. Therefore, mandatory treatments with copper-containing preparations or phytosporin are required. They start from the moment of budding and end no later than 10 days before harvesting. The total number of treatments is up to 5.

A dangerous disease is potato cancer. The fungus that causes it can live in the soil for up to 20 years.

Potatoes can be affected by phomosis, black and common scab, ring rot. To prevent them, it is necessary to observe crop rotation, do not apply fresh manure, keep the plantings clean from weeds and hill the plants in time.

vermin

Potatoes have a lot of people who want to eat them.

• The most annoying potato is the Colorado potato beetle. Its larvae can completely eat all the leaves, leaving the gardener without a crop. They are fought with the help of chemical methods and folk remedies. You can collect pests manually. Do not take ants out of the garden; Colorado beetles do not live near the anthill.

  

• Damage to tubers and wireworms – the larvae of the click beetle. Prestige is used against them. Repeated loosening of the soil, as well as its liming, also helps.

  

• Nematodes, among which golden is the most harmful, can reduce the yield by 80%. They are considered quarantine pests and are very difficult to control. It is easiest to plant nematode-resistant varieties, and Ivan da Marya potatoes are highly resistant to this pest.

  

Harvesting

Ivan da Marya potatoes are ready for harvest 4 months after planting. At the end of summer, the probability of damage to plants by late blight is high. Experienced gardeners advise cutting the tops 2 weeks before digging potatoes. What does it give:

• The probability of damage to tubers by phytophthora is reduced.
• They ripen in the ground.
• The peel is compacted and less damaged during harvesting.
• These potatoes will keep better.

If there is a need to select a part of the collected tubers for planting next year, they must be collected on the field. To do this, potatoes from each bush are stacked next to the dug hole. It should dry a little: on a sunny day – no longer than 2 hours, and overcast – about 4.

During this time, the required number of tubers is selected, observing the following conditions:

• the shape and color of the tubers must fully correspond to the variety;
• they need to be selected only from bushes in which there are at least 15 potatoes;
• the tuber is the size of a chicken egg.

Immediately after digging, potatoes are not stored for storage. It should lie in piles in a barn or any other adapted room for at least 2 weeks. After that, the tubers are sorted and sent for long-term storage.

Conclusion

Among the many varieties of potatoes, Ivan da Marya is distinguished by its attractive appearance, good taste and safety during storage. Subject to all the rules of agricultural technology, he will please the gardener with an excellent harvest of large tubers.

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