Some gardeners do not dare to plant roses on their plot, fearing the difficulties of caring for a capricious beauty. But some varieties of roses are undemanding, do not require shelter for the winter, caring for them is simple and accessible to everyone.
Description
Polyanthus roses bloom profusely all summer, and part of autumn until frost. Rose bushes are profusely covered with small bright flowers.
The main advantages of polyanthus roses:
- High decorative bushes;
- Long flowering;
- Frost resistance;
- No spikes;
- Good immunity;
- Undemanding to the composition of the soil;
- Shade tolerance.
Bushes are used to decorate borders, ridges. Can be used as a houseplant, grown in pots and containers.
Characterization
The bush is low, up to 50 cm in height, strongly branched. The flowers are simple or double, small in size, up to 4 cm in diameter. Most often red or pink, rarely white. Have no smell. The flowers are collected in large inflorescences, in one brush there can be up to 50 buds.
The leaves are small, with ciliated stipules, glossy, dark green.
In the rainy, cool season, flowers can get sick with powdery mildew.
Landing
Polyanthus roses will grow and bloom in any conditions, but in order to get a bright, abundant flowering of bushes, as in the photo, you need to know the rules of planting and care.
Polyanthus rose bushes are not afraid of high acidity of the soil, but these flowers develop best on loose, well-fertilized soil with neutral acidity.
The best place to plant polyanthus rose bushes is sunny, well ventilated. These roses grow well in partial shade, but the branches of the bushes can stretch and sag under the weight of flowering brushes. In this case, it is necessary to make supports for the bushes.
The size of the planting hole is determined based on the size of the root system of flowers. The roots of the bushes should be located freely in it, you can not fold and bend them.
In the planting pit before planting the bushes make:
- Mature humus;
- A glass of wood ash;
- Complex of microelements;
- Sand.
Humus must be checked for the presence of fungal spores. If a white coating is noticeable on certain parts of the substrate, such humus must be dried well in the sun before use, only then it can be used as a fertilizer for growing flowers.
Complex fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, must be applied strictly according to the instructions. Too much nitrogen in the soil can damage flowers. It is advisable to choose fertilizers marked “for roses”.
Sand is applied only to heavy, clay soils. The amount of sand is determined depending on the density of the soil. Sandy soils do not require application.
The main rule is that the size of the above-ground part of the flowers should be equal to the underground.
After planting flowers, you need to monitor the soil moisture, preventing drying and waterlogging. If there is a threat of night frosts, polyanthus rose bushes must be covered.
Care
Caring for bushes of polyanthus roses is simple, often timely watering and pruning is enough for the full development of roses. In some cases, bushes of these flowers may need treatment for insects and fungal infections. How to properly apply insecticides and fungicides is indicated in the instructions.
Bushes of polyanthus roses easily tolerate even prolonged waterlogging of the soil, but this may affect flowering. Therefore, watering the bushes is carried out only when the soil has dried well. Usually rose bushes need watering once a week.
It is advisable to prune the bushes several times, the first time it is carried out in early spring, when the first leaves begin to appear on the flowers.
In the spring, the bushes need to remove frost-damaged branches, the remains of old leaves. No more than three trunks are left on the bush, they must be shortened by a third. Also remove the branches growing inside the bush.
During the growing season, you can form a bush to get a more decorative flower. If the top is removed from the green shoot, it will begin to produce new branches. At the end of each of these shoots, a flowering brush will appear by mid-summer.
Bushes of polyanthus roses very rarely get sick, but in cool rainy weather, spores of pathogenic fungi begin to actively multiply. If bushes have been recently pruned, fungi can enter the flower through a fresh cut. To avoid infection, pruning bushes should be carried out only in dry weather.
Harmful insects rarely cause serious damage to polyanthus rose bushes. Since the flowers of this rose have no fragrance, most flying insects do not notice it. Of the sucking insects, aphids are most often annoyed by bushes. Processing from aphids is carried out in dry, calm weather. The aphid preparation solution is prepared following the instructions. Usually 2 – 3 flower treatments per season are required.
Reproduction
Polyanthus roses are very easy to propagate. The cuttings of these flowers take root easily, with good care there is practically no lunge. In addition to cuttings, seedlings of polyanthus roses can be obtained from seeds.
Cutting
For cuttings, healthy green shoots are chosen from flowers, up to 15 cm in size. They are cut with a very sharp knife so that the cut is even, without protruding fibers. Before planting, rose cuttings can be soaked in a stimulant solution according to the instructions.
The cuttings are placed in a container with a damp, clean substrate to reduce the evaporation of water, covered with a lid or plastic bag. The following substrates can be used for germinating flower cuttings:
- Peat;
- Coir;
- Perlite;
- Sawdust;
- Sand.
Peat absorbs water well, but dries out very quickly, it is necessary to constantly monitor the soil moisture. Cuttings can die even after a short drying of the substrate. May contain fungal spores and microorganisms harmful to cuttings.
Coconut fibers are well suited for growing roses from cuttings. Cuttings growing in peat are rarely affected by mold or rot.
Perlite absorbs well and releases water when cuttings need it. With it, it is easy to provide cuttings of polyanthus roses with the necessary moisture. Free from harmful microorganisms.
Wet sawdust can only be used to germinate flower cuttings treated with fungicides. They may contain microflora harmful to flowers in large quantities. It is necessary to carefully monitor the uniform hydration.
Sand is the least suitable for growing cuttings. It compresses easily and is easy to rehydrate. The resulting root system of flowers will experience oxygen starvation. It is advisable to calcinate the sand to get rid of pathogenic microorganisms.
When the first roots appear, the flower seedlings are transplanted. For further growth, roses will need bright sunlight, a lot of nutrients.
You can plant flowers on a temporary bed, the so-called school, or grow flowers before planting in a permanent place in containers. The basic rule is that young roses can be harmed by direct sunlight and overdrying.
In hot weather, the temperature under the plastic film can be too high, so it is better to use agrofibre. Seedlings of these flowers are planted in a permanent place the next year.
Cultivation from seeds
When growing a rose from seeds, it must be borne in mind that not all seedlings inherit maternal characteristics. Some flowers will not look like the rose from which the seeds were taken.
The seeds of most varieties of polyanthus roses require mandatory stratification, except for the Chinese rose “Angel Wings”, another name is the angel rose. Its seeds germinate well and quickly, seedlings begin to bloom a few months after sowing the seeds.
Seeds of polyanthus roses are treated with disinfectants, dried, then soaked in a stimulant solution. They are planted in clean soil, wrapped in a plastic bag and placed in a cold place for 2-3 months. The seeds of these flowers need sub-zero temperatures to activate growth, so they can be buried in the garden along with the container. If roses from seeds are grown at home, you can place the container in the freezer.
In the spring, the container is taken out, transferred to a warm, bright place. After 2 – 3 weeks, the first shoots of flowers appear. After their appearance, the plastic film is removed, the first 3 days it is necessary to spray the flower seedlings 2-3 times a day.
Seedlings of flowers are planted in a permanent place when the threat of frost has passed.
Conclusion
Growing polyanthus roses is not burdensome, but with their help you can decorate any corner of the site. These beautiful flowers will gratefully accept care and attention, rewarding them with wonderful, long flowering.
