Plum Yakhontovaya

Plum Yakhontovaya is a variety of domestic selection intended for the middle lane. He is valued for the high quality of the fruit, reliability and unpretentiousness. Proper planting and caring for Yakhontovaya plum are the main conditions for obtaining a high yield.

History of variety breeding

Plum Yakhontovaya was bred in the Moscow VSTISP. Breeders H.K. Enikeeva and S.N. Satarova worked on it. Parent varieties – Smolinka and Eurasia 21. The hybrid got its name due to the bright yellow color of the fruit. In 2008, the Yakhontovaya plum was included in the state register.

Description plum Yakhontovaya

Plum of this variety is a vigorous tree. The crown is compact, spherical; foliage is average. The height of the Yakhontovaya plum reaches 5 m.

Branches glabrous, straight, brown. The leaves are elongated, long, with a pointed tip, light green in color. The surface of the leaves is matte and smooth, along the edges there are small teeth.

Characteristics of the fruits of the Yakhontovaya plum variety:

• yellow;
• thin skin;
• round shape;
• wax coating;
• weight – 30 g;
• yellow juicy pulp;
• small bone, easily separated;
• sweet and sour taste, 5 points.

Variety Yakhontovaya is recommended for planting in the Central region. Due to the high winter hardiness, cultivation in colder climates is allowed.

Characteristics of a variety

Plum Yakhontovaya has a number of characteristics that distinguish it from other varieties: winter hardiness, productivity, convenient flowering and fruiting periods.

Drought resistance, frost resistance

Drought tolerance is rated as medium. For plums, both a lack of moisture and its excess are detrimental. The irrigation scheme is chosen taking into account weather conditions.

The frost resistance of plums is high. In order for the tree to easily endure the winter, additional shelter is organized in the fall.

Plum Pollinators Yakhontovaya

Plum Yakhontovaya has a partial self-fertility. For the best harvest, you need to plant several varieties of plums that bloom at the same time.

The best pollinators:

• Hungarian;
• Early ripening red;
• The memory of Timiryazev.

Yield and fruiting

A tree of the Yakhontovaya variety brings an average of 20–30 kg of fruit, in harvest years – up to 50 kg. Fruiting is regular from year to year.

Scope of berries

Plums are consumed fresh or used for homemade preparations. It makes delicious jam, jam, compote, sauce.

Disease and pest resistance

Variety Yakhontovaya is little susceptible to fungal diseases and pests. To protect the garden, it is recommended to periodically spray the trees.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

Before planting, the advantages and disadvantages of the Yakhontovaya plum are evaluated.

The main advantages of the variety:

• abundant fruiting;
• good taste and appearance of fruits;
• frost and disease resistance.

Disadvantages of plum Yakhontovaya:

• impressive dimensions of the tree;
• partial self-fertility.

Is it worth buying Yakhontova plum

Yellow plum Yakhontovaya is an excellent option for planting in the Moscow region and other regions of the middle lane. Among its undoubted advantages are the high quality of fruits and productivity.

Features of landing

From the competent planting of plums depend on its further growth and fruiting. Pre-evaluate the composition and moisture content of the soil on the site.

Recommended dates

The time for planting the Yakhontovaya plum is chosen taking into account the climate in the region. If there is a risk of early autumn frosts, then the work is left for the spring. Plum is planted when the soil warms up, but the leaves have not yet blossomed. In the southern regions, planting is carried out in the fall, when the trees shed their leaves.

Choosing the right place

A place for growing plum Yakhontovaya is chosen taking into account a number of factors:

• permanent lighting;
• south or west side of the site;
• light drained soil;
• lack of stagnation of moisture in the soil.

The culture prefers drained fertile soils. You can not place a tree in lowlands where moisture accumulates. It is best suited for plums on a flat or slightly sloping site.

What crops can and cannot be planted nearby

Plums are planted in groups, 2-3 different varieties. A distance of 3 m is maintained between trees. The culture does not take root well if pears, cherries and cherries grow nearby. Neighborhood with an apple tree, raspberries and currants is allowed.

Selection and preparation of planting material

For planting, one-year-old seedlings of the Yakhontovaya variety are chosen with a height of about 50 cm and a shoot thickness of 2,5 mm. They are purchased at a nursery or garden center.

Landing algorithm

Work begins with the preparation of the pit, which is filled with earth and left to shrink. The exposure period is 1-2 months. During spring planting, the pit is dug in the fall. If you immediately plant a plant, then after the soil settles, the seedling will be damaged.

The procedure for planting a home plum Yakhontovaya:

1. First, a hole is made with a size of 0,6×0,6 m to a depth of 0,7 m.
2. Fertile soil is mixed with humus, 190 g of superphosphate and 80 g of potassium salt are added.
3. The earth is poured into the hole.
4. When the soil settles, begin to prepare a seedling. The earth is poured into the pit, a plum is placed on top.
5. The roots of the tree are straightened and covered with fertile soil.
6. The soil is compacted, and the seedling is moistened with warm water.

Plum Aftercare

Caring for the Yakhontovaya plum comes down to watering, fertilizing and pruning. Preparing for winter will help the tree to endure the cold.

• Plum watered 3-5 times per season. Water is especially important if the drought occurred during the flowering and ripening period of the crop. Under a young tree, 5 buckets of water are poured, under an adult – about 10 buckets.
• Watering is convenient to combine with top dressing. In early spring, 10 g of urea, superphosphate and potassium salt are added to 20 liters of water. The solution is poured under the root of the tree. For summer top dressing, a similar solution is prepared, but urea is excluded from the composition. Instead of mineral complexes, natural fertilizers are used: slurry and wood ash.
  Important! Pruning the Yakhontovaya plum helps to shape the crown and normalize the yield.
• The plum crown is constantly pruned for 5 years. It is given a sparse-tiered shape. Be sure to eliminate dry, frozen and broken branches. Processing is done in spring or autumn, when sap flow in trees is slowed down.

  

• The preparation of the Yakhontovaya plum for winter begins in late autumn. If the weather is dry, moisten the soil first. Then the trunk is spudded and compost is poured with a layer of 10 cm. Young plants are covered with burlap or agrofiber. Against rodents, a net, metal pipes or roofing felt are used to cover plums.

Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention

Dangerous plum diseases are listed in the table.

You can find out about the main pests of the crop from the table.

Conclusion

Plum Yakhontovaya is a promising variety that has become widespread in the middle lane. Large yellow fruits have a dessert purpose, but are also suitable for canning. To ensure a high yield of plums, it is regularly watered, fed and pruned.

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