Plum varieties for the Moscow region and the middle lane

Plum for the Moscow region is a culture of interest to so many gardeners. Which plant variety to choose for cultivation in the middle lane, how not to make a mistake with the characteristics?

The nuances of growing plums in the suburbs in the open field

The fruit tree belongs to the category quite susceptible to winter cold and spring frosts. Therefore, in the Moscow region, not every plum variety can survive in open ground conditions.

Climatic features of the region

There are several climatic factors that affect the development of fruit trees in the Moscow region.

• annual temperature regime. Winters in the Moscow region are moderately cold, with rare significant frosts, summers are warm and with moderate rainfall.
• The amount of natural light. The sun in the Moscow region shines for about 1500 days – that is, half the days of the year.
• Snow depth and soil freezing depth. Usually, snow in the Moscow region in winter forms a cover 20–25 cm thick. The earth does not freeze deeper than 1,5 m down.

How many years has a plum been fruiting in the Moscow region

A plum tree in the Moscow region cannot bear crops for too long. Usually 10 – 15 years after the first harvest, fruiting stops – in this case, it is worth planting a new tree. At the same time, it is not necessary to cut down and uproot the old plum – it can perform decorative functions.

When the plum blossoms in the suburbs

Plum blossoms always bloom at the end of April – May. Some fruit tree varieties bloom a little earlier, others a little later.

What varieties of plums are best planted in the suburbs

The climate of the Moscow region is considered moderate, but the so-called return frosts pose a great danger to trees.

• Plum for the Moscow region should be primarily frost-resistant.
• It is better to choose undersized or medium-sized trees – they definitely have enough light for healthy development.
• If the garden is small, it is recommended to give preference to self-fertile varieties.
• It is necessary to determine whether the plum is required for increased yields, or a modest fruiting is sufficient.

The best plum varieties for the Moscow region

Plum varieties suitable for the Moscow region can be divided into many categories – according to winter hardiness, fruiting time and other parameters.

Self-pollinated plum varieties for the Moscow region

The greatest interest is traditionally caused by self-fertile varieties that can be planted without the obligatory proximity to pollinators. These include:

• prunes – a variety obtained by crossing a blackthorn with a cherry plum. The drupes are dark blue, large, juicy with a bitterish dense skin. The tree is harvested late – in early September.
• Black Tula – A mid-late domestic variety that produces abundant yields even without pollinators. Gives oval or ovoid blue drupes with a slight reddish tint and a bluish coating on the skin.
• Egg blue – bears fruit without the participation of pollinators, differs in tallness up to 6 m in height. Brings ovoid dark blue drupes, sweet with a slight sourness. Plums can be harvested as early as mid-August.

Low-growing plum varieties for the Moscow region

With a moderate amount of sunlight, it is better to give preference to low trees. The most popular undersized varieties include:

• Red Ball – dwarf plum up to a maximum of 2,5 m, blooms early, bears fruit on its own. The harvest consists of large round fruits with a red skin, slightly blue.
• Oryol dream – Another low plum, reaching 2,5 m. It blooms and bears fruit early, gives juicy red drupes. A plum pollinator is not needed.

Medium-sized plum varieties for the Moscow region

Trees of moderately tall growth in the Moscow region can also be planted – there will be enough light for them. The following varieties are in demand:

• Peach – cold-resistant variety with yellow-green fruits, covered with a delicate reddish blush. The height of the plum reaches 3 – 4 m, the crown has a rounded or reverse pyramidal. Requires pollinators; Green Renklod and Anna Shpet varieties are well suited for their role.
• Nika – a fruit tree up to 4 m in height with a spreading crown, brings dark purple oval fruits with a blue bloom. It gives a harvest in August, and Donetsk Hungarian and Soviet Renklod are well suited for plum pollination.

Winter-hardy plum varieties for the Moscow region

In the Moscow region, temperature fluctuations often occur. Therefore, it is recommended to plant cold-resistant plums here. Among these are:

• Ksenia – a variety with increased resistance to cold, tolerates temperatures from -30 to -50 degrees. Gives abundant yellow fruits with a crimson blush, pollinated by varieties Yubileinaya and Peresvet.
• Ussuriyskaya – a variety with a level of frost resistance up to – 40 degrees. Fruits yellow rounded plums, for a good harvest requires pollinators, which are suitable for the role of sand cherries or plums with a flowering period in early May.

Early plum varieties for the Moscow region

Early fruiting is considered to occur around mid-July – and many gardeners dream of just such varieties.

• Kabardinka – a variety with flowering in late April and harvest in mid-July. Fruits are dark purple, with a grayish bloom, pollinated independently.
• Starting – ripens in July very early, gives dark red sweet fruits with a blue bloom on the skin. It can pollinate on its own, but it responds well to the neighborhood with varieties Eurasia-21 and Volzhskaya beauty.

Late plum varieties for the Moscow region

Late fruiting of plums begins at the end of August and continues into September. Of these varieties, the most famous are:

• Hungarian Moscow – ripens with blue-lilac fruits in the second decade of September. Ideal for a temperate climate near Moscow, it is well pollinated by red early ripening.
• Stanley – plum with purple fruits ripening in early September. The variety is high-yielding, frost-resistant, successfully pollinated by varieties Empress and President.

Varieties of Chinese plum for the Moscow region

Chinese plum and its hybrids are very easy-care trees. The following varieties are well suited for the Moscow region:

• Chemalskaya – plum, depending on the sub-variety, brings blue, red or yellow fruits in mid-August. Pollinated by Peresvet, Altai and Krasnoselskaya, tolerates cold well.
• Alenushka – frost-resistant hybrid with dark red fruits ripening in early August. It is successfully pollinated by the Skoroplodnaya plum.
• Beautiful Vecha – an early ripening variety with rounded red fruits. Highly resistant to frost, partially self-fertile, but shows the best yield in the vicinity of other early flowering plums.

Varieties of plum for the Moscow region

plum hybrids, or cherry plums, are very popular in the Moscow region:

• Mara – variety with late September ripening and rounded yellow fruits. It is easy to care for, but pollinators are needed for a plentiful harvest – for example, Vitba.
• The Kuban Comet – originally a southern variety is successfully cultivated in the Central region. In July, it brings red sweet fruits, the harvest will be higher if you plant the Skoroplodnaya plum nearby.

Varieties of homemade plums for the Moscow region

Among gardeners, home varieties are especially respected – plums with a particularly easy care regimen.

• Bogatyrskaya – bears fruit with massive purple fruits, ripens closer to September. It is frost-resistant, almost does not get sick and, moreover, does not need pollination.
• Victoria – self-fertile sweet variety with red-purple fruits. Fruits abundantly, tolerant of growing conditions, often used as a pollinator for other plums.
• Red-breasted Red – a variety with raspberry-purple fruits, ripening in August-September. It is well pollinated by collective-farm Renklod and Moscow Hungarian, tolerates frost well and produces a crop every year.

The best varieties of yellow plum for the Moscow region

The yellow plum is known for its particularly sweet and beautiful fruit. For the Moscow region are well suited:

• Altai anniversary – grows in almost any conditions. It tolerates severe frosts and aridity, gives early yellow fruits with a red blush, is well pollinated by Chemal plum.
• Apricot – a hybrid of apricot and plum with high frost resistance, ripens in early August, capable of self-pollination.

The best varieties of red plum for the Moscow region

Enjoys the love of gardeners and plum, fruiting red berries. Varieties for the Moscow region are suitable for the following:

• Ural red – ripens in mid-August, produces small oval red fruits, tolerates even the most severe frosts. Pollinated partially independently, bears fruit better if there are other plums in the neighborhood with similar flowering periods.
• red meat – an unusual variety with extremely fleshy fruits of bright red color. Pollinated by hybrids of cherry plum and Ussuri plum. The fruits reach maturity in mid-August, the frost resistance of the tree is moderate.
• Harmony – a dark red variety with a blue bloom, ripening from the end of July. Plum is self-fertile, pollinators are not needed for it.

Varieties of sweet plum for the Moscow region

Most gardeners prefer to grow sweet, dessert plum varieties. These include:

• President – a variety that produces large purple fruits with a tasting score of 4,6 points.
• Opal – Swedish plums with purple skin, covered with a bluish bloom. The tasting score of the fruit is 4,5 points out of a possible 5.

Large varieties of plums for the Moscow region

It is pleasant for any summer resident to collect the most weighty fruits from plum trees. The following varieties are considered large-fruited:

• Ispolinskaya – dark purple plum fruits are ovoid, each can reach up to 60 g of weight.
• Angelina – round red-violet fruits weigh in general from 60 to 90 g, and especially large specimens reach up to 120 g.

Popular plum varieties in the Moscow region

There are several other varieties that are especially popular in the Moscow region.

• Memory of Timiryazev – a variety with yellow-reddish fruits, gives a late harvest, self-fertile, survives frosts down to -30 degrees.
• Anna Shpet – a popular variety of plum, unpretentious to growing conditions, produces purple fruits, pollinated best by green renklod.

Plum planting in the Moscow region

The algorithm for planting plums in the Moscow region depends on the specific variety. But there are rules that apply to any plant species.

When is it better to plant a plum in the suburbs

Spring is the best time to plant a plum tree. Even if the seedling is frost-resistant, its roots are still too sensitive to cold and may suffer in the first winter when planting in the fall. It is optimal to plant in early April, when the frosts are already behind, and the active growing season has not yet begun.

Selecting a landing site

It is recommended to plant a tree on the south side. The soil is better to choose sandy, with a fairly deep occurrence of groundwater.

Choosing a plum seedling for the Moscow region

The main rule when choosing a seedling is that it has strong and healthy roots. Care must be taken to ensure that they are not dry, broken or too scarce.

Planting a plum in the spring in the suburbs: preparing a pit

The plum tree is very sensitive to soil quality. Therefore, a few months before planting a seedling, in the fall before the onset of cold weather, it is customary to prepare a planting pit.

The soil in which the plum will be planted is dug up, the earth is taken out about 50 – 70 cm deep. Fertilizers are laid inside – compost, rotted manure, superphosphate and ash.

How to plant a plum in the spring in the suburbs

Spring planting of plums in the Moscow region goes like this.

• A pre-prepared pit should be about twice as large as the roots of a young plant – both in width and in depth.
• The seedling must be carefully lowered into a hole half-filled with earth and fertilizers, and covered with soil, properly tamped.
• Immediately after planting, 3 buckets of water are brought under the trunk, and then the tree is tied to a support for even growth.

Plum care in the Moscow region in spring, summer and autumn

Competent care for a plum tree in the Moscow region includes the following items:

• Watering – carried out about once a month with normal rainfall, more frequent during the ripening period. The earth must not be waterlogged.
• Top dressing – in the spring it is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizers to the soil. In the summer, you can add a little potassium under the trunk, and in the fall, scatter organic matter under the tree.
• Shortly before the arrival of winter, you need to carry out the last watering of the year, cover the ground with mulch to retain moisture and heat, and then cover the trunk with spruce branches or roofing material – from frost and rodents. After snowfalls, the snow around the trunk can be compacted.

Pruning plums in the suburbs

For full development, the plum must be regularly trimmed.

• After leaf fall for the Moscow region, it is recommended to carry out sanitary pruning – as well as for the middle lane.
• Plum shoots older than 2 years are cut annually by 2/3 of the length.
• You can cut a plum in the Moscow region in the spring to form a crown. Remove excess branches, leaving only the strongest and most promising shoots.

Plum varieties for central Our Country

By and large, the climate of the middle zone differs little from that of the Moscow Region. However, winters here can be a little colder and summers a little drier. Therefore, it is in the middle lane that certain varieties of plum trees are recommended for planting.

Varieties of yellow plum for central Our Country

The following yellow plum varieties successfully take root in the middle lane:

• White Honey – ripens early, in early August, brings large yellow-gold berries with a sweet taste. Pollinated by Donetsk Early and Donetsk Hungarian.
• Altai anniversary – grows well throughout the middle lane and even in Siberia. It ripens early, produces yellow drupes with a reddish blush, is well pollinated by the Chemalskaya plum.

The best varieties of large-fruited plums for the middle lane

The most weighty drupes give the following hybrids:

• Giant – quite sensitive to cold, but with good care, a variety with burgundy drupes that takes root in the middle lane. The mass of each plum can be up to 70 – 110 g. Any varieties of plums with flowering in May are suitable for pollination.
• General’s – the plum ripens in mid-September and produces bright orange drupes. The average weight is 40 g, the plums are quite large and weighty. The Ural red can become a pollinator.

New varieties of plums for the middle lane

Fresh varieties of plum trees appear regularly, and it is always interesting to plant still unfamiliar crops in the middle lane.

• Natasha – a plant with ripening dates in the second decade of August and yellow drupes. Pollinated by Edinburgh plum, has a good level of winter hardiness and is ideal for the middle lane.
• Modest – ripens late, brings brown-purple drupes with a sweet taste. Pollinated by plums for the middle lane with flowering in early May.

Self-pollinated plum varieties for central Our Country

For small gardens in the middle lane, the following self-fertile varieties are well suited:

• Hungarian Pulkovo – blooms in mid-May and ripens in September, gives dark red drupes. It is zoned for the Leningrad region, therefore it is well suited for the climate of the middle zone.
• Volgogradskaya – blooms in early May, ripens in mid-August. The drupes are dark raspberry, the taste is sweet and sour.

Sweet plum varieties for the middle band

The following plums for growing in the middle lane are distinguished by the most pleasant dessert taste:

• Blue bird – tasting score of oval blue drupes is 4,6 points. Can be pollinated by the Caucasian Hungarian.
• The Volga beauty – purple-blue drupes have a tasting score of 4,5 points. The best pollinator for plums will be red early ripening.

Varieties of low-growing plums for the middle lane

In the middle lane, it is preferable to plant low-growing trees that are not very demanding on the amount of light.

• Blue Gift – classic dark plum up to 3 m tall, in the third decade of August brings small blue drupes. It pollinates itself.
• Candy – a tree with red dark fruits grows up to only 2,5 m. It bears fruit at the end of July, responds well to the neighborhood of Renklod collective farm, which serves as a pollinator.

Early plum varieties for the middle lane

To get juicy fruits as early as possible, you can plant the following early plum varieties for central Our Country:

• Morning – gives moderate green-yellow drupes in the first decade of August. It is not necessary to select pollinators for the plant – the variety bears fruit on its own.
• Delicate – ripens in the first decade of August, gives light yellow drupes with a reddish bloom. Partially self-fertile, but produces the best yields in the middle lane if it grows near the Edinburgh Plum.
• Nadezhda – self-fertile plum for the middle lane with crops in early August. Plum drupes are ordinary, dark blue, sweet with a slight sourness.

Late plum varieties for the middle lane

To get delicious plums in early autumn, you can plant these varieties in the middle lane:

• Bogatyrskaya – ripens in the second decade – the end of August with almost black drupes with a bluish coating. It self-pollinates, making it easy to grow.
• Empress – reaches ripeness in mid-September, has a dark blue color of the fruit. It brings the best yields in the neighborhood with the Stanley and Valor varieties.

High-yielding plum varieties for the middle lane

If you want to get the largest possible number of fruits from a plum, you should give preference to the following varieties for the middle lane:

• Entertaining – a variety with round yellow-green drupes, pollinated by Moscow Hungarian and Timiryazev’s Memory. The yield level is high – up to 3 buckets per tree.
• Valor – dark burgundy plum, bringing up to 30 kg of delicious drupes from one plant. Fruits as abundantly as possible next to the Empress and Blue Free varieties.

Planting plum seedlings in spring in the middle lane

Planting and caring for the plum in the middle lane occur according to standard rules.

• The best place for seedlings in the middle lane are loamy or sandy soils in well-lit areas.
• Immediately before planting or a few months before it, the soil is properly fertilized with organic matter and useful substances.
• After planting, the plum in the middle lane is watered and tied up.

Growing and caring for plums in the middle lane

In order for the plum in the middle lane to grow healthy and bear abundant fruit, it is important first of all to protect it from frost and drying out.

• Several times a year, the plum must be watered – in the spring during the flowering period, in the summer while ripening, in the fall before the onset of cold weather. During periods of drought in the middle lane, watering is increased.
• For the winter, even frost-resistant trees in the middle lane need to be overlaid with spruce branches around the trunk, mulch the soil around the trunk in advance, and if there is snow cover, trample it well, forming a protective layer from rodents and frost.

Conclusion

Plum for the Moscow region should be sufficiently resistant to cold, since in the region, as in the entire middle lane, frosty winters and sharp spring frosts occur. There are dozens of varieties with suitable characteristics – it is not difficult to choose the right tree from them.

Reviews