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Cherry plum is a common fruit plant that belongs to the genus Plum. At the moment, several dozen hybrid varieties have been bred. Cherry plum Nectarine fragrant is recognized as one of the most high-yielding. At the same time, the plant is considered undemanding and unpretentious in care.
History of breeding
Hybrid cherry plum or plum is the result of the directed activity of scientists. This variety was bred at the Crimean Experimental Breeding Station. The variety was obtained as a result of hybridization of wild-growing cherry plum and different types of Chinese plum.
Description of the cherry plum variety Nectarine fragrant
plum is a stunted tree. The average height of hybrid cherry plum Nectarnaya fragrant is from 1 to 1,8 m. The tree has a rounded spreading crown. This cherry plum variety is characterized by a low growth rate.
The annual growth of the Nectarine fragrant variety is up to 15 cm
The trunk of the plum is upright. It is covered with smooth gray bark with few lenticels. The tree is highly branched. Leaves of medium size, elliptical in shape, with a pointed edge grow densely on lateral shoots. The surface of the plate is dark green, lint-free, slightly shiny.
Features
Plum Nectarine fragrant has many advantages over other hybrid varieties. This can be seen by familiarizing yourself with the main characteristics of such a cherry plum.
Drought tolerance
Variety Nectarine fragrant is practically insensitive to moisture deficiency. A short-term lack of watering does not affect the condition of the cherry plum and yield indicators. Only a very prolonged lack of water can cause harm. Otherwise, the plant tolerates summer drought well, accompanied by low air and soil humidity.
Winter hardiness of cherry plum Nectarine fragrant
The variety is resistant to low temperatures. After obtaining the hybrid, the nectarine cherry plum was grown in different regions of the Federation in order to determine the sensitivity to frost. The variety showed exceptional frost resistance. plum tolerates low temperatures well without shelter. An exception are first-year trees, which are recommended to be closed for the winter.
Pollinators of cherry plum Nectarine fragrant
The presented variety is self-fertile. Pollinators are not required for harvesting. The need for them can only arise in order to increase fruiting if the tree grows on poor soil, devoid of nutrients.
The following varieties of plums are used as a pollinator:
- greengage;
- red early;
- Moscow Hungarian;
- red ball.
By planting such plants next to the hybrid cherry plum Nectarina fragrant, you can significantly increase the yield from one tree. The taste of the fruit does not deteriorate.
Flowering period and ripening period
Budding of cherry plum Nectarine fragrant takes place at the end of March. Flowering begins in early to mid-April and lasts up to 2 weeks. During this period, the tree is covered with numerous five-petalled white flowers with a slight pink tinge.
Nectarine fragrant refers to mid-season varieties. Fruit formation begins in late July or early August. They fully ripen in late summer, less often in early autumn.
yield, fruiting
Cherry plum Nectarine fragrant is valued for its fruits. Plums grow large, weighing 45-70 g. They are blue-skinned and covered with pollen.
The pulp of plums is yellow, fibrous. The density and juiciness of fruits is average. The taste is sweet and sour, reminiscent of nectarine. Inside contains a bone, which is easily separated from the pulp.
Up to 50 kg of fruits can be harvested from one cherry plum tree
Nectarine fragrant has a very high yield. At least 25 kg of plums are harvested from one plant.
Scope of fruits
Due to its pleasant taste qualities, Nectarine fragrant cherry plum is consumed fresh. It is also used in the preparation of fillings for baking, preservation. Nectarine plum is not very sweet, but is good for jam and confiture.
Cherry plum is often used for summer refreshments. Nectarine plum is added to compotes, fruit drinks.
Disease and pest resistance
Almost all varieties of hybrid cherry plum are characterized by low sensitivity to adverse factors and infections. Plum Nectarine fragrant is resistant to the overwhelming number of diseases, including those caused by excess moisture and fluid stagnation in the roots.
Hybrid varieties of cherry plum are also not sensitive to almost all types of pests. An exception are the caterpillars of the American butterfly, which infect any fruit trees. Ripe fruits hanging on branches can attract wasps and codling moths. To avoid crop loss, plums from a tree must be plucked in a timely manner, as they ripen.
Advantages and disadvantages
Variety Nectarine fragrant has gained wide popularity among beginners and experienced gardeners. This is due to the many advantages that such a cherry plum has.
These include:
- high yield;
- resistance to frost, drought;
- ease of maintenance;
- no need for pollinators;
- good taste of fruits;
- the possibility of propagation by cuttings;
- resistance to diseases, pests.
plum does not require sprinkling and deep moistening of the soil for fruiting.
The main disadvantage of the variety is the slow growth rate of the tree. The disadvantages include the low strength of the branches. It is not uncommon for them to break under the weight of the fruit.
Features of planting plums Nectarine fragrant
The described variety is resistant to adverse conditions. However, in order to obtain a bountiful harvest, it is necessary to follow the cultivation technology. First of all, determine the order and rules for planting a plant in the open field.
Recommended dates
The decisive factor in choosing a planting date is the climatic features of the region. In the south, hybrid cherry plums are advised to be planted in the fall. When planting in winter, the tree adapts better to new conditions and tolerates the first winter in the open field well.
In the regions of the middle lane, as well as in places with a more severe climate, it is recommended to plant the fragrant nectarine cherry plum in the spring. Usually landing is carried out in early to mid-April. During this period, the constant temperature of the surface layer of the soil reaches 10 degrees, which is considered the optimal indicator for fruit trees.
Choosing the right place
Sunny areas are best suited for hybrid cherry plum. Landing in partial shade is allowed. It is not recommended to plant fruit trees in shaded places, since the lack of light can adversely affect the ripening of fruits.
Experienced gardeners recommend planting the fragrant Nectarine variety on small hills. In the lowlands, groundwater can flood the tree. Short-term stagnation of liquid is harmless, however, if the outflow of water from the soil is disturbed for a long time, rotting of the roots may begin.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherry plum
When choosing plants for planting along with plum, a number of criteria must be considered. This directly affects whether it is possible to plant a shrub or tree next to the cherry plum.
The main criteria:
- soil composition requirements;
- need for sunlight
- wind sensitivity;
- susceptibility to disease, pest damage.
Since nectarine fragrant cherry plum is a light-loving plant, it cannot be planted near tall trees that will block access to sunlight. The depth of the root system should also be taken into account. In hybrid varieties, they are located on average 30-40 cm underground.
Next to the cherry plum you can plant:
- wild varieties of plums;
- another cherry plum;
- cherry and cherry;
- apricot;
- Walnut;
- mulberry.
This neighborhood does not adversely affect fruit plants. Trees and shrubs coexist normally without harming each other.
It is not recommended to plant next to the cherry plum:
- coniferous trees and shrubs;
- peach;
- gooseberry;
- currants;
- raspberries;
- quince;
- tomatoes;
- apple trees, pears with large fruits.
Compliance with the neighborhood between cherry plum and other plants is an important factor affecting the yield. However, the variety Nektarinnaya fragrant is almost insensitive to the proximity of other types of fruit trees.
Selection and preparation of planting material
For planting in open ground, annual seedlings are used. Before planting, you need to make sure that there are no damage and signs of death on the roots. The foliage of the plant should be abundant.
A sign of cherry plum seedling disease is a lesion of the bark
Cherry plum Nectarine fragrant can be grown independently from the stone. However, this is a long and laborious process. It also sometimes leads to the fact that the plant loses varietal characteristics.
Landing algorithm
The first step is site preparation. Weed plants are removed at the selected site. The soil is dug up to a depth of 25-20 cm. If the soil is poor, compost, dry manure or other organic fertilizers can be added to it. This is done 3-4 weeks before the expected planting date of the cherry plum.
Landing algorithm:
- Prepare a landing pit, depth 50-60 cm.
- At the bottom, place a layer of expanded clay, small gravel or pebbles for drainage.
- Sprinkle with fresh soil.
- Place the seedling inside.
- Straighten the roots, directing them to the sides.
- Cover with a mixture of soddy and leafy soil in combination with compost.
- Compact the surface layer of the soil for the stability of the seedling.
- Water the tree.
In the first year after planting in the ground, cherry plum, as a rule, does not bear fruit. You can get a real harvest next summer.
Culture aftercare
Hybrid cherry plum is unpretentious. Care comes down to a few simple procedures.
The main ones are:
- Pruning dried shoots in spring.
- Loosening and mulching the soil around the tree 1-2 times a month.
- Watering – 20-25 liters of water for each tree 1-2 times a week.
- Removal of root shoots.
- Installation of supports to prevent damage to the branches under the weight of the fruit.
- Application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer – once in July.
In autumn, cherry plum Nectarine fragrant is fed with organic matter. The bark is cleaned of dying particles. Fallen leaves, fruit residues are collected and disposed of.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Descriptions and photos of cherry plum Nectarine fragrant indicate that the variety is extremely rarely affected by infections and insects. Therefore, care provides for an insignificant set of measures aimed at protecting the fruit tree.
When signs of illness appear, cherry plum is sprayed with a complex fungicide. Possible preventive treatment. It is carried out in April or early May with the onset of persistent warming.
Insecticide treatment saves from most types of fruit-eating insects
To protect against pests and diseases, it is advised to spray the tree with a solution of copper sulfate. For preventive purposes, the trunk and lower branches of the cherry plum are subjected to whitewashing. To repel insects, the plant can be sprayed with an infusion of garlic. The soil around the tree is mulched with tobacco ash.
Conclusion
Cherry plum Nectarine fragrant is a common hybrid variety that is in demand among gardeners. This variety is characterized by low sensitivity to harmful factors. At the same time, nectarine cherry plum gives a bountiful harvest of delicious fragrant fruits. Planting and caring for such a plant does not require much effort.